管制与市场:中国民办高校中的政府作用分析

本文首先讨论了完全由政府提供教育所产生的政府失灵现象,由此证明民办教育作为公办教育补充的必然性和合理性。但是由于教育的公益性,因此民间资本兴办教育应该采取一种“准市场”制度,而非完全的市场化运作。在此基础上,分析了政府在民办教育特别是民办高校当中的作用,确定政府管制与准市场化运作各自的边界,讨论了政府的管制范围和管制方法。     

转轨后准市场经济中企业集团内部审计工作

企业集团是由多级与多个法人构成的企业联合体,必须建立起富有活力与效率的管理机制、经营机制、自我约束机制。内部审计是自我约束机制的主要部分。要保障落实内审法律地位强化内部审计实质与形式上的独立性;内部审计的定位宜突出内向性,不能超脱于企业集团,要全心为企业集团服务;建立职业化内审队伍配备高素质的内审人员,加强后续教育,奖优罚劣;端正内部审计与"左右邻里"关系和被审单位关系,内部审计的工作重点定为市场营销审计。     

Free schools in the Big Society: the motivations,aims and demography of free school proposers

Free school policy claims to partly decentralise to local proposers decisions over who provides a free school, where and for what reasons, within the constraints of a government approval process. This article analyses empirically the people and organisations doing the proposing and their interactions with the approval process. The article begins by locating free schools within Big Society and quasi-market policies. The emerging free school landscape is then mapped and the motivations, aims and demography of a sample of 50 proposers are explored. A key distinction emerges between two analytical clusters. First, proposers able to negotiate the approval process are shown to draw on a range of professional networks, to have strongly academic educational aims and to on average not seek to specifically serve disadvantaged communities. Second, and conversely, the majority of proposers located in highly disadvantaged areas have aims and expertise that do not fit well with what the government is willing to accept. This is not conceived as a simple dualism but highlights the significance of both a lack of critical engagement with inclusion among accepted proposers and the effects of an approval process that has prioritised an unequal distribution of particular forms of professional expertise and experience.