意识时间的还原——论史铁生的写作之夜

史铁生的“写作之夜”体现了他从关注外部世界到关注内部世界的的转变。“写作之夜”源于史铁生对时间的独特把握,他在现实生活中遭遇痛苦,因而突破自然时间的限制,进入到意识时间之中。意识时间才是史铁生的真正时间,它总被自然时间所遮蔽。“写作之夜”正是意识时间的文学还原。     

全日制硕士专业学位研究生学位论文的质量管理与控制

全日制硕士专业学位研究生的学位论文质量管理存在不少问题。学校应通过招生宣传和课程设置等环节提高全日制硕士专业学位研究生的质量;通过建立有效合作的双导师制度、加强监管部门对学生实践环节的管理,双管齐下,实现学位论文的过程控制。     

How pre-service teachers navigate trade-offs of food systems across time scales: a lens for exploring understandings of sustainability

In response to the increasing recognition of the need for sustainable food systems, research on students’ and educators’ knowledge of food systems and sustainability more broadly has grown but has generally focused on what people ‘fail’ to understand. Moving away from this deficit approach, the present study used semi-structured interviews to explore how 12 pre-service teachers (PSTs) in the US consider sustainability in terms of the trade-offs – or concurrent costs and benefits – associated with using different agricultural resources over short, medium, and long terms. Drawing upon the constructs of framing, metacognition, and complex causality, the study found that the majority of PSTs referred to indirect experiences of seeing or hearing about agricultural resources to demonstrate stable knowledge of short-term trade-offs and construct tentative knowledge about medium-term trade-offs. Few described long-term trade-offs. Most participants also acknowledged some gaps in their knowledge in discussing trade-offs across the different time scales. Findings suggest the importance of leveraging and building upon educators’ (and ultimately students’) prior experiences to build their understanding of complex trade-offs that underlie food systems. The study also illustrates the value of using the concept of trade-offs across time scales to explore people’s conceptions and understandings of sustainability.     

大学决不只是与时俱进

是否与时俱进,得从时间、时势、时价等几方面综合判定。大学应是远远走在时势前面的机构,这有赖于大学保有其独立品格,不可能一切皆与时俱进。在理论与应用中,后者才比较需要与时俱进。理论的力量、思想的力量让大学把视野投向遥远的未来,大学是走在时间前面的,超越时限,超越时势。     

Game interruptions in elite soccer

Abstract

The objectives of the study were to analyse game interruptions of league soccer in detail and the tactical use of game interruptions. Sixteen matches of a German first league soccer team were observed. An observational system was designed to assess interruption types, score, duration of interruption, location of interruption, time of interruption and number of occurrences. Results showed that there is an average of 108 interruptions per match. Throw-ins (40) and free kicks (33) were most frequent. Goal kicks (17), corner kicks (10), substitutions (4), and kick offs (3) occurred less often. Drop balls, penalties, and injuries occurred least often. For 38% of the total match time observed, matches were halted. The mean duration of running and interrupted match parts were 32.1 s and 18.7 s, respectively. The analysis showed significant differences concerning the influence of the location of interruption, score, and time of interruption on the duration of different interruption types (P < 0.05). The results of the study showed the tactical use of game interruptions during league soccer matches, e.g. goal kicks of the leading team take longer towards the end of the match. Examining game interruptions has turned out to be a valuable source of information adding to our knowledge of soccer. We have shown evidence that the durations of many interruptions serve tactical purposes, a well-known hypothesis in practice.     

对测定过磷酸钙中有效磷的钒钼黄比色法的一点改进

对钒钼黄比色法进行了改进。在浸提过磷酸钙中有效磷时,将65℃水浴1小时改进为85℃水浴30分钟,其余步骤仍按原方法进行。结果发现,改进前后测定结果之间无显著差异,改进法还具有省时、精密度高的优点。     

用EPROM设计定时控制电路

简介了ＥＰＲＯＭ及其管脚功能，阐述了用ＥＰＲＯＭ设计定时控制电路的方法和技巧，并以多路定时控制电路和循环定时控制电路的实际应用例子进行说明，最后讨论了用软件代替硬件设计组合逻辑电路方法的优越性．     

线性离散系统的H∞开环迭代学习控制器设计

针对线性离散系统,研究了开环动态迭代学习控制律的设计问题.首先给出了闭环系统的收敛充分条件,然后把迭代控制转化为H∞设计问题,最后利用线性矩阵不等式（LMI）方法求解迭代学习控制器.通过仿真实例表明了设计方法的有效性.     

两个加工时间恶化的半线性平行机排序问题的启发式MBLS 算法

The combination of online or semi-online with deterioration jobs has never been researched in scheduling problems. In this paper, two semi-online parallel machine scheduling problems with linear deterioration processing time are considered. In the first problem, it is assumed that the deterioration rates of jobs are known in an interval, that is, bj ∈[0, α], where 0 〈α≤ 1 and bj denotes the linear deterioration rate. In the second problem, it is assumed that the largest deterioration rate of jobs is known in advance, that is, b = max1≤j≤n {bj }. For each of the two problems, a heuristic MBLS algorithm is worked out and its worst-case ratio is analyzed. At the same time, the worst-case ratio of the list （LS） algorithm is investigated and it is proved that all the ratios are tight.     

试论武术文化的层次结构及其关系

文化是人创造的，也是为人所用的。同时，人也能改造、调整、控制文化。本文通过对武术文化的空间层次和时间层次的分析，了解其结构和状态，分析研究其空间各层文化之间的关系，抓住其起支配地位的核心层面，剖析其产生、发展的历史层面，剔除糟粕，注入新的文化因素，使其更具活力，结构更趋合理。