以读者为中心的外语写作教学模式

外语教学中的准确性是传统写作教学的重点,而教师为达到真正的写作目的,又不能忽视写作的交流功能。教师指导初、中级学生作者从读者角度,而非语言角度参与到真实的写作交流中。教师可通过体裁教学对学生进行写作思维的培养,利用多媒体教学活动和多元组合对学生的写作能力进行恰当评估,使二语写作能寓教于乐。     

加强高校读者培训 充分利用网络资源

文章分析了网络信息发展对高校图书馆读者服务工作产生的深刻影响,探讨了开展高校读者培训的必要性以及方法、手段、内容和措施。     

网络环境下图书馆的馆藏与特色服务

以特色服务为中心 ,阐述图书馆的馆藏特色和网络咨询、流通阅览的管理服务措施 ,强调以人为本的管理服务理念和对读者实行人本化的管理。     

中国文学翻译现状思考

近年来，中国文学翻译取得了很大发展，但现状也不容乐观，翻译图书市场充斥着大量粗制滥造的译本。这种局面的产生是由多方面的因素造成的。文章详细分析了译者、出版社、读者以及翻译的地位等方面的问题。针对这些问题，作者提出，必须经过各方共同努力，才有望改变这种状况。     

论"作者的读者身份"

接受美学提出了很多创造性概念,但忽略了"作者的读者身份"问题,因此很有必要从中西文论的历史梳理中提出其概念,并论述其内外涵义。"作者的读者身份"的核心、内在涵义,就是作者在创作过程中的读者身份,就阅读与创作的关系来说,它有同时性、同质性、异构性和严格性等几方面的特征;它的外在涵义,是创作之后或非创作状态的作者的读者身份,特别是作者阅读自己作品时的理性和感性层面。了解作者的读者身份,对研究接受美学和创作美学都具有深刻的意义。     

The effects of headlines and summaries on news comprehension and recall

In two experiments, we attempted to analyze the effects of newspaper article headlines and summaries on final comprehension and recall. During the first experiment, the participants consisted of 117 high school students from the 9th grade, 68 from the 11th grade, 79 first year Psychology students from the Autonoma University of Madrid and 66 fifth year Journalism students from the Complutense University of Madrid. The subjects were randomly required to read a news report in one of the following experimental conditions: (1) the whole news article (headline, summary and text), (2) the headline and text, (3) the summary and text, and (4), the text only. The data from immediate and delayed free recall tasks were recorded. The results showed that the structure of the news article did not influence the recall and that there were differences among groups in the amount and quality of recall. The headline and the summary modified by the use of macrostructural criteria constituted additional elements introduced into the second experiment to provide a contrast with the original headline and summary. The results showed that an improvement in article recall did occur with the modified version in comparison with the original version. These two experiments have confirmed that the aims and criteria of journalists differ from those held by the authors of scientific texts and question whether the reading strategies applied are the same in both cases.     

推行"首问责任制"提升图书馆服务水平

首问责任制的实施是图书馆积极、主动为读者服务的一种有效的方式。在图书馆实行“首问责任制”应遵循读者满意、全员参与、相互协作、监督保障的原则,推行“首问责任制”应更新服务理念;健全规章制度,明确奖惩办法;建立和完善监督、检查、考核制度;加强馆员的教育和培训,提高综合素质,从而提高图书馆的整体服务质量和水平。     

Effectiveness of an extracurricular program for struggling readers: A comparative study with parent tutors and volunteer tutors

This study reviews the effectiveness of an extracurricular paired reading program to enhance the reading of struggling readers. For the first time, two program conditions are compared within one study: parent tutors and volunteer tutors. The program was implemented within a randomized controlled field trial; its effects on reading fluency and reading ability were investigated on a sample of 198 Swiss third graders with reading difficulties. The findings revealed that volunteers outperformed parents: Children who trained with volunteers developed significantly better reading fluency after 20 weeks (d = .21). However, the main effects on reading fluency did not last at follow-up and no effects on general reading ability were found. Children with higher reading fluency at the pretest benefitted significantly more than very poor readers (post-test: d = .47; 5 month FU: d = .39). The study highlights the benefit of volunteer tutoring and the necessity of ongoing, adaptive support for very poor readers.     

网络环境下图书馆的读者服务与创新

本文论述了网络环境对图书馆读者服务工作的影响,针对网络环境下读者服务工作中存在的一些现实问题,提出搞好读者服务工作的对策,包括加强馆藏文献信息资源建设、加强对读者文献信息需求的调研以及加强馆员队伍的建设等。