贫困农村儿童课外信息获得现状及价值分析——以永州市为例

农村儿童是农村社会的未来中坚.他们是否得到良好教育,将会对社会稳定、经济发展和道德进步产生重要影响.从调查的结果来看,贫困农村儿童课外信息获得既具有"激发学习兴趣"、"去蔽"、"榜样"等积极价值影响,也有"影响身体健康"、"不良媒介文化教养"、"产生挫败感"等消极价值影响.     

Cognitive brain potentials in kindergarten children with subtyped risks of reading retardation

Cognition-related brain responses to meaningful and meaningless figures were registered in 5-year-old kindergarten children who either had been subtyped as being at-risk of developing an L- or P-type dyslexia (LAL versus LAP) or who were not at-risk. While identifying, naming, or categorizing pictures, event-related potentials (ERP) were registered. Three cognition-related components were found: the N460, the P780, and the Slow Wave (SW). LAP-children produced weak N460 activity across tasks, whereas LAL children, and to a lesser degree, non-risk children produced robust task-dependent activity. This finding may indicate that LAP-children lack semantic input while processing the figures. P780 latencies to frequently occurring figures were found hemisphere-dependent: LAP-children showed longer latencies in the right than in the left hemisphere, whereas the distribution was reversed in the LAL and non-risk children. It was also found that the right hemisphere is generally responsible for a lion's share of the processing of figures and therefore it seems that the right hemisphere of LAP-children invests ample time in doing so. Whereas LAP-children showed largest SW amplitude differences between frequent and infrequent stimuli at posterior locations, LAL children did so at frontal locations. Assuming that the SW represents working-memory processes, it may be that working-memory in LAP-children deals with figure-relevant visual-spatial information and with figure-derived concepts in LAL children. Overall, the findings suggest that LAL and LAP represent two different groups of kindergartners at risk of dyslexia and that these differences, to some degree, fit with the presumed etiology of L- and P-type dyslexia.     

Component skills of text comprehension in less competent Chinese comprehenders

The present study examined the role of verbal working memory (memory span and tongue-twister), two-character Chinese pseudoword reading (two tasks), rapid automatized naming (RAN) (letters and numbers), and phonological segmentation (deletion of rimes and onsets) in inferential text comprehension in Chinese in 31 less competent comprehenders compared with 37 reading comprehension control students and 23 chronological age controls. It was hypothesized that the target students would perform poorly on these cognitive and linguistic tasks as compared with their controls. Furthermore, verbal working memory and pseudoword reading would explain a considerable amount of individual variation in Chinese text comprehension. RAN would have a nonsignificant role in text comprehension. Structural equation analyses and hierarchical multiple regression analyses generally upheld these hypotheses. Our findings support current literature of the role of verbal working memory in reading comprehension found in English. The results, however, suggest differential role of the constructs and the tasks in reading comprehension and provide some answers for comprehension impairment in Chinese students.     

《马氏文通》中的"散动"及其相关问题

"散动"是《马氏文通》中提出的重要语法学术语,它主要包含有两层意思,从语义分析来说是指与"坐动"(谓语核心动词)相对的"非谓语核心动词";从句法结构分析来说是指与"语词"相对的动词短语中的"述语"."散动"与"读"是从不同的角度分析汉语中的短语,虽然在功能上基本相同,但内涵不尽一致.它的设立对汉语语法学的完善有着深刻的启示作用.     

公益阅读中众筹融资的影响因素研究

[目的 /意义]公益阅读的可持续发展依赖于有效的资金筹集机制。作为互联网环境下的创新,众筹在公益阅读的筹资中已经体现出积极的作用。探讨公益阅读中众筹融资的影响因素,对于充分发挥这一创新工具的潜力具有重要参考价值。[方法 /过程]以“阅动羊城”公益阅读众筹活动为研究对象,利用网络问卷调查2 860位捐赠者,从道德风险和理性选择的双重视角分析公益阅读中影响众筹融资效果的因素。[结果 /结论 ]数据分析表明,社会资本和对平台的信任等道德风险因素以及捐赠人的特征一起影响着众筹融资的效果,但是,研究未发现参与众筹的成本、精神和物质回报等理性选择因素的影响。在此基础上,从信任和捐赠人识别两个角度提出改善现阶段公益阅读中众筹融资效果的建议。     

独具特色的审视——戴厚英笔下知识分子的精神历程

以戴厚英的最富有代表性的五部知识分子长篇小说为研究视域,运用文本细读和典型人物心理分析的方法,从人物的心灵视角切入,分析知识分子的处境与命运及在特定处境中的心灵轨迹,综合考察作者笔下知识分子的精神历程。     

人生的百科全书——《呻吟语》读后感

《呻吟语》乃明代文学家、思想家吕坤所著,耗时三十年,是作者总结其一生的一部警醒后世的佳作。全书集作者一生的感悟、经验与教训,涉及范围广泛,包括为学、修身、讲道等诸多方面。《呻吟语》是一部箴言体小品文集,具有独创文体价值。     

高职高专英语应用能力B级阅读理解内容效度分析

阅读理解是高职高专英语应用能力B级考试的主要组成部分,阅读文章的内容效度是衡量试卷效度的重要指标之一。2007年12月至2010年6月间的江苏省英语应用能力B级考试真题6套,其阅读理解题的阅读文章总体符合要求,但也存在体裁单一、题材狭隘、易读度系数偏高、阅读技能考核不均衡等问题,命题人员可进一步注重文章的内容效度、加大试题难度、扩大题材的多样性。     

高职院校英语精读教师的综合素质

教师素质是加快教学改革,提高教学质量的关键。要提高高职院校英语精读教师的综合素质,需从政治,业务以及技能三方面入手。     

毛泽东与曾国藩读书特色评析

毛泽东和曾国藩读书的共同之处体现在：他们视读书为人生的第一要义;主张读书、立志和做人统一起来;主张读书先博后约,持之以恒;提倡读书与实践相结合。毛泽东和曾国藩读书理念对今天建设学习型社会有着重要的借鉴价值。