国人新型消费观的构建研究简

在世界经济衰退的今天,中国的经济结构也发生了一定的变化。在这样的经济背景下,国人是否还应该墨守成规,抱着固有的消费模式不放手呢？答案是否定的。该文通过研究中国现在的消费观念,找出其中影响经济发展的不利消费观,并且提出了符合时代需求的中国消费观,设想了改变消费观念的理性手段,为加快中国经济增长出一份力。     

Economic Recession,Teacher-Reported Cuts to School Resources,and Children's Economic and Psychiatric Problems in Young Adulthood

The study investigated whether cuts to school resources made during economic recession contribute to children's psychiatric and economic problems in early adulthood. The cohort consisted of 817 Finnish children. Data was gathered from teachers during a recession (child age 12) and from national registers on children's post-recession use of psychiatric and income benefit services (age 18–28). Children's need for remedial instruction, special education, or psychosocial services was associated with later use of income support and psychiatric services. Those receiving special education had an increased risk for adulthood use of psychiatric services as compared to those who needed, but did not receive, this service. A decrease in material resources and teachers' loss of motivation predicted children's later use of psychiatric services.     

Leaving Northern Ireland: youth mobility field,habitus and recession among undergraduates in Belfast

This article explores the dichotomy between the high prevalence and low incidence of youth mobility intentions, utilising the results of quantitative and qualitative research conducted with 400 students during 2010 in Belfast, Northern Ireland. Comparisons with results from a prior study on student mobility also show that the recent recession had made relatively little impact upon the prevalence of mobility intentions. Following a theoretical perspective influenced by Bourdieu, these findings are explained through an appreciation of habitus in transmitting the appropriate values and necessary social and economic resources to enable entry to what we have termed the mobility field. This conclusion also helps account for the disparity between the high prevalence of intentions to leave and the low incidence of concrete plans to leave Northern Ireland, as only a small number of respondents have learnt how to mobile via an informal process of family and peer socialisation.     

The Impact of the Recession on College Students

This article had three goals: (a) to provide a brief economic review of the relationship between recessionary times, institutional reactions, and the life trajectory of recession-era college students; (b) to discuss the recession-related psychosocial stressors facing today's college students; and (c) to discuss how counseling centers can help students and make resources available to staff and students.     

企业集群衰退的原因及应对策略

以企业集群的集群效应特点为切入点,结合当前我国企业集群的发展现状,对企业集群内部的自身定位不准确、本体孱弱、技术缺乏创新、信息反应迟钝,以及市场需求变化迅速、政府作用不到位、企业间的恶性竞争等问题进行深入分析,提出了发展集群模块化、重视人才引进、转变政府政策、改善社会文化环境等应对策略。     

Known unknowns: research on Irish museums since 2008

ABSTRACT

In 2015–2016 the first comprehensive survey of museums in Ireland in a decade – the Irish Museums Survey 2016 – was undertaken as a collaborative project between the School of Art History and Cultural Policy, University College Dublin, and the Irish Museums Association. Since the Republic’s economic collapse in 2008 and the recession, museums have weathered significant shifts in governance and board structures, and drastic cutbacks that have affected programmes, staffing, and provision across the island. Yet, until recently we have not had an accurate picture of the “state of play” for Irish museums, hampering efforts to prioritise actions for museum support organisations, and preventing individual institutions to develop their own plans of advancement benchmarked against national data. Consequently, there has been a significant knowledge gap concerning the current state of Irish museums, stretching beyond the anecdotal, and bridging the border between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. This essay addresses the major findings of the Irish Museums Survey 2016, contextualised within the landscape of recent research on museums in the Republic and the North, and existing research infrastructures. In reviewing forms of museum provision and policy in both jurisdictions, it argues that the haphazard nature of data collection and the worrying findings of some aspects of the 2016 Survey require the enhancement of an all-island research culture, audit of national collections and institutions, and development of improved strategic planning for museums.     

Artists,employment and the Great Recession: A cross-sectional analysis using US Current Population Survey data

This paper uses cross-sectional data from the US Current Population Survey to examine employment behavior among artists before and after a major period of economic transition – the Great Recession. The analysis looks at employment behavior among artists as an occupational group compared to other creative class workers and analyzes trends in periods before, during and after the recession. The results suggest that as a result of the downturn, many artists changed occupations to non-arts-related work or left the workforce altogether; artists became self-employed, and new artists opted for self-employment over wage/salary work; artists were disproportionately adversely impacted – either unemployed or underemployed – than other types of workers. Level of educational attainment was a significant determinant of whether an artist maintained quality employment and stayed in the occupation of his choice; and gender and marital status had a bearing on artists' ability to remain employed as an artist and maintain quality employment. The analysis emphasizes the importance of examining specific occupations within the creative class before drawing broad conclusions pertaining to all occupations with this title. Future work will test the conclusions in this study by using longitudinal data on artists.     

对转型以来俄罗斯科学领域的正面评价

俄罗斯在转型开始后,科学预算锐减,科研人员流失,创新萎缩。科学事业严重衰退引起了专家学者的广泛关注。但是,科学领域也发生了积极的变化:意识形态不再干扰科学,制定了一整套法律法规,建构了科学领域的竞争机制,实行科学教育一体化。     

力量的衰退、修补与新生——试论《老人与海》中圣地亚哥的老年境遇

一提到海明威,人们就会自然地联想到他所钟爱的主题——死亡,既然如此,我们也就有理由去关注与之密切相关的话题——老年。《老人与海》中的圣地亚哥经历了力量的衰退、修补以及新生的过程,展现出老人在面对孤独、困难时所做出的英雄般的选择和在烈士暮年里演绎的人性辉煌,同时也蕴含了作家赞赏,甚至信仰英勇意志的思想倾向。