SAP材料的接枝反应动力学实验研究

对淀粉接枝丙烯酸所得接枝共聚物及接枝侧链物进行分离提纯和分析测试,确定了其接枝效率并表征了淀粉及其接枝物的形态结构;通过分别测定接枝共聚反应速率与淀粉、单体、引发剂浓度的关系曲线,确定了该接枝共聚反应的速率关系式;推算出了反应的表观活化能。     

微型化学实验测定化学反应速度常数

用微型化学实验和常规化学实验测定化学反应速率常数,在误差允许范围内比较微型化学实验的优越性.     

Role of Nitric Oxide in Salmonella Infection

Nitric oxide (NO) derivative of l-arginine is an important signaling molecule that mediates a variety of essential physiological processes including vasodilation neurotransmission, and host cell defense. Many types of cells produce NO e.g., smooth muscle cell, endothelial cell, and leukocytes. Host defense functions are known for many bacterial and parasitic infections. In the present study we estimated the levels of serum NO in cases of salmonellosis and in controls. The nitric oxide was estimated by cadmium reduction method, Griess reaction. We observed that in controls the level of NO was (22 ± 2.06) μmol/l and in cases the level was (137.49 ± 29.84) μmol/l. The level of NO was significantly higher than controls (p < 0.001). The raised level of NO could be accounted for by host response to the infection. The host rapidly expresses iNOS, which in turn produces an excess amount of NO. Its cytotoxic effect is by its reactive nitrogen oxide derivative e.g., peroxynitrite. Apart from this it also has anti apoptotic functions. In future one can do follow up study of typhoid cases by bacterial culture.     

ε-己内酯合成方法的改进研究

以乙酸酐和双氧水合成出过氧乙酸,经与环己酮进行Baeyer-V illiger氧化反应,制备ε-己内酯,在最佳合成反应条件下,其收率达到61.3%.并对其做了IR、MS、折光率等鉴定.     

Validation of two accelerometers to determine mechanical loading of physical activities in children

The purpose of this study was to assess the validity of accelerometers using force plates (i.e., ground reaction force (GRF)) during the performance of different tasks of daily physical activity in children. Thirteen children (10.1 (range 5.4–15.7) years, 3 girls) wore two accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3X+ (ACT), GENEA (GEN)) at the hip that provide raw acceleration signals at 100 Hz. Participants completed different tasks (walking, jogging, running, landings from boxes of different height, rope skipping, dancing) on a force plate. GRF was collected for one step per trial (10 trials) for ambulatory movements and for all landings (10 trials), rope skips and dance procedures. Accelerometer outputs as peak loading (g) per activity were averaged. ANOVA, correlation analyses and Bland–Altman plots were computed to determine validity of accelerometers using GRF. There was a main effect of task with increasing acceleration values in tasks with increasing locomotion speed and landing height (P < 0.001). Data from ACT and GEN correlated with GRF (r = 0.90 and 0.89, respectively) and between each other (r = 0.98), but both accelerometers consistently overestimated GRF. The new generation of accelerometer models that allow raw signal detection are reasonably accurate to measure impact loading of bone in children, although they systematically overestimate GRF.     

不同篮球鞋足底压力的差异性研究

探讨3种篮球鞋在不同速度下的足底压力分布特征,为指导业余体育爱好者和专业运动员选择适合的篮球鞋和健康运动提供科学、可靠的参考依据。采用德国Novel公司的Pedar鞋垫式(in-sole)足底压力测量系统,对6名篮球专业的大学生穿着不同品牌的篮球鞋(NIKE FLIGHT96、ADIDAS TSPROMODEL和ANTA"霸道"三代)在步行(1m.s-1)、慢跑(1.5m.s-1)和中速跑(2m.s-1)3个速度下进行足底压力测试。结果发现:在3种速度下的整足和分区的最大地面反作用力、最大足底压强、均值足底压强和力量—时间积分值这4个参数显示有差异或显著性差异。结论为不同篮球鞋在足弓区和足跟区的差异较大,适合不同类型的专业运动员和业余篮球爱好者。     

固体酸催化剂在酯化反应中的应用

固体酸包括杂多酸、沸石型分子筛、固体超强酸、金属氧化物及阳离子交换树脂等，具有很强的酸性。它作为一类新型催化剂材料替代浓硫酸催化合成酯类物质，具有易分离，可再利用及不腐蚀设备等优点，且反应活性和选择性都很高。     

女子散打运动员月经周期对训练的影响及调整对策

对12名女子散打运动员的月经情况进行调查研究,以发现其特点.研究结果显示:受试者经期都会有或轻或重的生理和心理不良反应,但是大多数受试者月经周期和持续时间正常,而且只要掌握适宜的运动负荷,绝大多数受试者不会引起运动损伤.针对受试者经期的不良生理和心理反应提出女子散打运动员经期训练的注意事项、方法和训练安排等,为女子散打运动员经期训练提供理论依据.     

氨氧化法制备丙烯腈反应机理探讨

从有机过渡金属化学理论探讨丙烯氨氧化反应机理     

新型聚合硫酸铁的制备研究

进行了新型聚合硫酸铁的合成实验 ,探索了反应温度、反应时间、硫酸用量、氧化剂用量对反应速率及产品质量的影响 ,并利用自制的聚合硫酸铁对染料废水进行了混凝脱色试验。结果表明 ,在常温常压条件下能生成高分子量的聚合硫酸铁产品 ,试验表明产品的混凝脱色性能良好 ,盐基度在 1 2 .7%～ 1 5 .2 % ,CODCr去除率 >80 % ,脱色率 >72 % ;增加硫酸用量及氧化剂用量 ,都可提高合成反应速率 ,当硫酸与Fe2 + 的摩尔比为 0 .1 4～ 0 .3 2时 ,减少硫酸用量可显著提高产品的盐基度 ,但当该比值小于 0 .1 4时 ,生产过程中将产生大量的氢氧化铁凝胶沉淀 ,导致最终产品的盐基度和铁含量均大幅度降低