试从来源功能和影响功能看外语学习动机变量

20世纪90年代以来,外语学习动机的研究领域大大扩展,对过去的动机理论已经提出了很多引发外语学习者学习的动机变量.动机变量间的关系可从来源和影响的角度来论述,并可从这两方面探讨教学中教师用以提高学习者动机的策略.     

企业文化的功能及其实现方式

本文对企业文化的功能及其实现方式进行了阐述,有助于企业管理者更好地开展企业文化的建设与改造。因为只有通过对企业文化独特功能以及由这些功能显示出来的企业文化个性特征的分析,才能弄清企业文化到底以什么方式渗透到企业生产经营与管理的全过程,才能对企业文化这一影响企业的变量加以控制,使企业文化在更大程度上发挥出对企业应有的作用。     

动载作用下沥青混凝土路面反射裂缝粘弹性响应分析

为研究沥青混凝土路面内部反射裂缝在动态荷载作用下的力学响应,采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立分析模型.通过对沥青混凝土蠕变试验曲线进行非线性拟合,得到Prony级数以赋予模型中面层粘弹性材料属性.基于粘弹性理论、时温等效原理、断裂力学及动力学有限元方法,利用半正弦荷载模拟动荷载作用,以断裂参数J积分以及复合应力强度因子作为裂缝扩展评价指标,对路面反射裂缝在不同车速、不同环境温度以及不同材料阻尼系数等条件下的力学响应进行分析.计算结果表明:反射裂缝断裂参数值随车辆行驶速度的增加而减小;不同结构温度下的断裂参数差异不明显;断裂参数曲线随阻尼比的增大而逐渐后移,且最大值逐渐减小.因此,通过改善车辆行驶条件以提高车辆行驶速度,以及通过改进材料组成来增大沥青混凝土阻尼系数,都能够有效延缓反射裂缝扩展速度,延长路面的正常使用寿命.     

“英特尔未来教育”培训对中国教育的启示

"英特尔未来教育"是英特尔公司为支持计算机及互联网技术在课堂上的有效利用而发起的一个全球性的教师培训项目."英特尔未来教育"倡导模块化教学、基于任务项目的学习和基于合作的学习.这些崭新的教学理念对我们传统的教育教学方式有着重要的启示作用.     

Examining type I error and power for detection of differential item and testlet functioning

In this study, the effectiveness of detection of differential item functioning (DIF) and testlet DIF using SIBTEST and Poly-SIBTEST were examined in tests composed of testlets. An example using data from a reading comprehension test showed that results from SIBTEST and Poly-SIBTEST were not completely consistent in the detection of DIF and testlet DIF. Results from a simulation study indicated that SIBTEST appeared to maintain type I error control for most conditions, except in some instances in which the magnitude of simulated DIF tended to increase. This same pattern was present for the Poly-SIBTEST results, although Poly-SIBTEST demonstrated markedly less control of type I errors. Type I error control with Poly-SIBTEST was lower for those conditions for which the ability was unmatched to test difficulty. The power results for SIBTEST were not adversely affected, when the size and percent of simulated DIF increased. Although Poly-SIBTEST failed to control type I errors in over 85% of the conditions simulated, in those conditions for which type I error control was maintained, Poly-SIBTEST demonstrated higher power than SIBTEST.     

试论教育行动研究中的反思

反思作为教育行动研究过程中的核心环节,决定着行动研究最终的成效,研究者和实际工作者在教育行动研究过程中的反思意识、反思能力、反思方式等,都会对行动研究产生重要的影响。文章结合作者与一线教师合作开展行动研究的经历,论述了在合作模式或支持模式下的教育行动研究中,研究者反思的重点,并不在于如何更好地改善教育实践,而是在于和行动者之间的合作关系、有效沟通以及对行动者提供研究方法的指导等方面。而行动研究者的反思应当坚持书面与口头相结合,正式与非正式相结合,内隐与公开相结合,单独与集体相结合等多种形式、不同的方式来不断地促进行动者的反思能力。     

A choice theory teaching and learning model for working with children of prisoners

The prison population has increased substantially in countries around the world and significant numbers of these prisoners are parents. Children of prisoners experience separation from the imprisoned parent. The separation and precursors to the separation often diminish these children's social‐emotional and educational well‐being. In this paper, the social‐emotional and educational functioning of children of prisoners is examined. Additionally, choice theory is described as a relevant theoretical teaching and learning model to facilitate the children's school‐related functioning.     

国外电子游戏教育应用的理论研究综述

如今,游戏和学习的研究已经引起了教育专家们的关注,成为新时期教与学理论与实践研究的一大焦点.本文采用文献调研的方法梳理了国外有关电子游戏教育应用的理论研究成果,主要聚焦于八个方面:1)游戏激发快乐学习、动机学习并沉浸学习;2)游戏可作为符号学以及知识领域的学习;3)游戏培养解决问题的技能;4)游戏提供不同领域的体验及能力之间的转换;5)游戏社区被看作网络学习社区;6)游戏提供了多重身份学习;7)游戏激发创造性和批判性思维潜力;8)玩游戏可引发反思与学习.作者围绕这八个方面来评析各个理论成果的实践意义,并对如何将这些理论渗透于教育游戏设计开发中进行了展望.     

反思性教学:教师发展的有效途径

近年来,教师教育开始从单纯对教学方法的探讨与研究转向对教师专业化发展的研究。在这一研究中,反思性教学已成为教师教育所关注的核心问题。因此,研究反思教学及其特点,分析师生问在反思过程中的互动关系,思考开展反思教学途径和方法,是对促进教师专业化发展有重要意义。     

An education that pierces what the knife cannot: A student perspective

If personalized medicine is the way of the future, and the physician's approach to each patient becomes more individualized and team‐based, so must the professors' approach to the medical student experience. Mayo Medical School has an innovative curriculum designed to respect and enhance the individual interests of its students. A former educator herself, and now a medical student, the author advocates for further creative curriculum design to enhance healthy student attitude learning in medical school. In her personal testimony to the healing power of art and story, she cautions institutions that ignore integrating humanities into their curriculum that their student physicians will build self‐protective barriers without self‐reflection. She argues students must have more avenues to express their emotions during difficult transitions and ethical dilemmas. This commentary describes extracurricular student projects during anatomy, and includes an example of student reflective writing in anatomy. The author suggests that narrative medicine as an emerging discipline would be an effective educational strategy when applied to any aspect of the medical curriculum, and should be considered by more medical schools for further progress in medical education. Anat Sci Educ, 2010. © 2010 American Association of Anatomists.