Exploring the covariates of sport participation for health: an analysis of males and females in England

Increasing sport participation has been identified as a key vehicle for achieving World Health Organisation guidelines for health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA). A policy challenge is to promote this changed behaviour. Making use of the Active People Survey, a zero-inflated ordered probit model is used to identify the covariates of sport participation for males and females with respect to the related decisions to either participate in sport or not, and to participate at either lower or higher than desired intensity. To inform current policy emphases, the Active Places Survey is also used to examine the causal impact of facility provision on these behaviours. Results indicate that females are more likely to adopt less intensive activity even with time available. Families could place most constraints on females, but also reduce the intensity of male participation. Education has a greater association with higher intensity female activity. The largest effects are identified for sport club membership and facility satisfaction. Both of these affect male intensity of activity most. The main policy challenges facing sport in contributing to HEPA are shown to involve retaining male intensity of participation when ageing and encouraging greater female intensity of participation, with more appropriate matching of facilities.     

How much exercise are older adults living in nursing homes doing in daily life? A cross-sectional study

Information on the amount of exercise practised by nursing home (NH) residents is scarce. This study aimed at describing NH residents’ participation in exercise classes, as well as to examine whether the presence of a professional exercise instructor in the facilities is associated with residents’ exercise habits. The cross-sectional data of 5402 residents (median age = 88 years; mostly women (75.2%)) from 163 NHs in France were analysed. Adjusted logistic and linear regressions were performed to examine whether the presence of a professional exercise instructor in the NH was associated with exercise habits: exercise participation, frequency, duration, and levels. From the 5402 participants, 1914 were participating in exercise classes provided in the NH. Most of them had an exercise frequency of 1x/week or less. Median duration of exercise sessions was 45 min. Exercise levels were rated as: highly active (n = 487), intermediately active (n = 1096), and poorly active (n = 331). The presence of a professional exercise instructor working in the facility was significantly associated with exercise participation and with higher exercise frequencies and levels, and session duration. In conclusion, the presence of professional exercise instructors is associated with better exercise habits in NH residents. Improved exercise habits may potentially be translated into better health in this population.     

大学生志愿者参与公共危机管理的现状、问题及对策研究

我国的志愿者服务于20世纪90年代兴起,并越来越活跃在社会生活中。在危机常态化的形势下,志愿者组织逐步发展成为处理公共危机不可或缺的力量。志愿者队伍大部分由青年人组成,其中被称为"社会精英"的大学生是最活跃和坚实的组成部分。大学生志愿者对公共危机管理积极有效的参与对提高全民危机意识和应对能力有巨大的带动作用。基于我国大学生志愿者参与公共危机管理的现状及存在的问题,深入分析其背后的原因,以提出有效的解决对策。     

高职院校“生命化”主题实践活动的内容研究

高职院校生命化主题实践活动的内容,可以归结为生命、生活、生态——"三生"内容。具体来讲,又可以细化为认识、处理四种关系:人与自身的关系,人与他人的关系,人与自然的关系,人与宇宙的关系。这其中体现生命化教育内容的三点特征:一是直面生命——以生命为教育的起点,二是在生命中——尊重生命的特性,三是为了生命——享受美好的生活和幸福人生。     

茶树中咖啡酰辅酶A氧甲基转移酶的基因克隆及其催化活性研究(英文)

目的:从茶树中克隆一种可以催化表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)生成甲基化EGCG的酶——咖啡酰辅酶A氧甲基转移酶(CCo AOMT),实现甲基化EGCG的酶学合成,为甲基化EGCG的进一步开发利用提供理论依据和技术指导。创新点:本研究首次从茶树中克隆了一条CCo AOMT基因组序列;分析了CCo AOMT基因在不同茶树品种和不同成熟度茶鲜叶中的基因表达规律;证明了CCo AOMT具有催化合成甲基化EGCG的生物活性。方法:采用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)和序列分析获得CCo AOMT的编码序列和基因组序列;采用高效液相色谱-四级杆-飞行时间串联质谱技术(HPLC-QTOF-MS)分析酶促反应生成的甲基化EGCG产物(图4);采用实时荧光定量PCR分析CCo AOMT基因的表达差异(图5)。结论:本研究从茶树中克隆了CCo AOMT基因的编码序列(738 bp)和基因组序列(2678 bp),明确了该基因具有4个内含子和5个外显子;揭示了CCo AOMT可以催化EGCG生成EGCG4"Me、EGCG3"Me和EGCG3’Me等多种甲基化产物;证明了CCo AOMT具有催化生成甲基化EGCG的活性;并发现该基因的表达量高低与茶鲜叶的成熟度呈正相关关系。     

教学比赛:教师个体成长的阶梯——基于优秀教师PCK建构的个案研究

教师在参加教学比赛过程中,课程改革的推动作用、教研活动的促进作用、名师培养机制和教师合作共同体的支撑,对教师个体专业发展具有非常重要的意义。因此,要加强教学比赛的示范引领作用,开展教研活动,激发教师PCK生成,促进教师专业发展,完善教师在职培养制度,为教师个体专业发展保驾护航。     

Effect of microcystin-LR on protein phosphatase 2A and its function in human amniotic epithelial cells

Due to their toxicity, the increased distribution of microcystins (MCs) has become an important worldwide problem. MCs have been recognized as inhibitors of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) through their binding to the PP2A catalytic subunit. However, the exact mechanism of MC toxicity has not been elucidated, especially concerning the cellular response and its autoregulation. To further dissect the role of PP2A in MC-induced toxicity, the present study was undertaken to determine the response of PP2A in human amniotic epithelial (FL) cells treated with microcystin-LR (MCLR), one of the MC congeners. The results show that a low-dose treatment of MCLR in FL cells for 6 h induced an increase in PP2A activity, and a high-dose treatment of MCLR for 24 h decreased the activity of PP2A, as expected. The increased mRNA and protein levels of the PP2A C subunit may explain the increased activity of PP2A. Furthermore, MCLR altered microtubule post-translational modifications through PP2A. These results further clarify the underlying mechanism how MCLR affects PP2A and may be helpful for elucidating the complex toxicity of MCLR.     

MBA“运营管理”教学面临的困惑与思考

“运营管理”是MBA的核心课程之一。MBA“运营管理”教学面临研究对象的变化与教材内容体系的混乱、MBA 学员背景的差异与需求的多元化、网络信息技术对企业运营系统与运营活动的影响等困惑,直接影响MBA“运营管理”课程的教学效果。MBA“运营管理”课程可以从课程内容拆分、制造企业运营与服务企业运营分离、学员根据工作需要选修等措施进行尝试性的改革与探索。     

Girls’ active identities: navigating othering discourses of femininity,bodies and physical education

Within physical education and sport, girls must navigate discourses of valued athletic and gendered bodies that marginalise or ‘other’ non-normative performances through systems of surveillance and punishment. The purpose of this paper is to share girls’ perspectives on how these discourses affected their gender performances and activity engagement. Students aged 13–14 in one ethnically diverse UK secondary school were invited to create a photo diary of the physical activities they engaged in. Photo-elicitation interviews in small groups followed. The girls positioned themselves as physically active but had to carefully manage their activity choices and gender performances in a single-sex physical education environment that regulated deviation from the fit, slender, girly-girl. Although the girls demonstrate the difficulty of resisting, they indicate moments of positioning themselves against norms that suggest the possibilities of shifting gendering processes. The paper points out the importance of listening to ‘other’ girls’ narratives in building positive physical education engagements.     

公益活动与民航高职院校学生职业素质养成教育的契合性研究

公益活动作为一种服务于公共利益的社会活动,具有实践性、公益性、扶弱性等特点,与民航高职院校学生的职业素质养成具有契合的可能性。广州民航职业技术学院作为一所行业院校,通过“亚运会”、“一奖两会”、“世广会”、“爱心服务队”等公益活动和组织,实现了两者的契合。为进一步促进契合的实际效果,应在深度合作、体系建设、激励制度等方面着力推进。