利用灰色关联极限学习机预报日长变化

针对日长变化难以用精确模型进行预报的问题,将一种新型人工神经网络--极限学习机(extreme learning machine, ELM)用于日长变化预报中.首先针对时间序列预测问题中存在的嵌入维数选取和网络结构设计问题,提出一种基于灰色关联分析(grey relational analysis, GRA)的ELM算法(GRA-ELM),该算法将灰色关联分析输入节点选取嵌入到ELM网络的训练过程中,同时完成嵌入维数和隐层节点规模的确定.然后根据日长变化数据的特点对其进行预处理,建立一种能够高精度、近实时预报日长变化的GRA-ELM预报模型.最后将GRA-ELM模型的预报结果同标准ELM、反向传播神经网络、广义回归神经网络和地球定向参数预报比较竞赛的结果进行比较.结果表明,通过本方法得到的日长变化较其他方法在精度上有较大改善.     

面向用户信息需求的移动O2O在线评论有用性排序模型研究——以美团为例

[目的/意义] 为了能够准确发现满足用户信息需求的有用在线评论,对在线评论按照有用性进行排序,帮助用户进行消费决策。[方法/过程] 首先通过文献调研和专家咨询,结合移动O2O用户在线评论的特点,选取影响移动O2O在线评论有用性的8项指标,采用模糊层次分析法进行指标赋权,然后利用定量方法进行指标量化,使用加权灰色关联分析方法进行有用性计算和排序,构建有用性排序模型。最后获取美团商品的在线评论数据进行应用研究,采用与美团原始评论排序结果对比分析的方法,检验方法的可行性和科学性。[结果/结论] 实验结果表明,采用移动O2O在线评论有用性排序模型进行排序,排名靠前的在线评论信息量大,包含产品或服务的维度较多,能够较好地满足用户的个性化信息需求,为用户消费决策提供更大的参考价值。     

The Lived Experiences of Men in a Master's Counseling Program

Using phenomenological methodology, the authors explored the experiences of 11 men in a master's‐level counseling program. Participants described the challenges and advantages of being a minority in number, being in a relational environment, and having an awareness of a patriarchal system. These findings suggest the importance of counselor educator awareness of the unique barriers male students face.     

Job satisfaction,school rule enforcement,and teacher victimization

Job satisfaction is an essential component of teacher motivation, performance, and retention. Teacher job satisfaction is primarily affected by workplace conditions. This paper analyzes data from over 37,000 public school teachers from the 2011–2012 Schools and Staffing Survey. Hierarchical ordinal logistic regression was utilized to analyze effects of school rule enforcement and teacher victimization on job satisfaction. Findings indicated that teachers who perceived higher enforcement of school rules had higher job satisfaction. In particular, consistent enforcement of rules by school administrators had a significantly greater effect on satisfaction than collegial enforcement of rules. Findings also indicated that teacher victimization has a significantly negative effect on job satisfaction. Consistent enforcement of school rules may reduce instances of student misbehavior and teacher victimization, helping reduce teacher stress and anxiety, leading to greater job satisfaction. Implications for policy and practice are explored, examining what administrators can do to protect teachers and improve satisfaction.     

Longitudinal associations between parental rejection and bullying/victimization

The present study investigated the direction of the relationship between parental rejection and children’s engagement in bullying and victimization. Using a cross-lagged design, we examined whether (a) bullying and victimization predict an increase in parental rejection six months later, (b) parental rejection predicts an increase in bullying and victimization six months later, and (c) there is a reciprocal association between bullying/victimization and parental rejection. The participants were 846 early adolescents (mean age = 12.63 years) randomly selected from primary and secondary schools in Cyprus and Greece (375 Cypriots, 471 Greek students) and their parents. Children completed a translated version of the Personal Experiences Checklist – (PECK) and the Rejection subscale of the Parental Acceptance/Rejection Questionnaire. The results showed that parental rejection at Time 1 predicted significantly victimization at Time 2. Parental rejection however, was not a significant predictor of bullying. Moreover, bullying and victimization at Time 1 predicted significantly parental rejection at Time 2. These results provide further insight at the theoretical level in as far our understanding of the familial dynamics in bullying victimization and may provide clinical implications in relation to counselling of victimized children and their parents.     

浙江科技投入与服务业经济增长关联的实证分析

通过采用浙江省2003—2011年的统计数据,运用灰色关联分析法,研究浙江省科技投入各指标与服务业经济增长之间的关系。研究表明,浙江省的科研经费支出、研发(R&D)经费支出和科技投入与服务业经济增长均呈现比较显著的正相关关系,影响最大的是科技人员总数,其次是科研经费支出,最后的是研发(R&D)经费支出。     

关系嵌入性、机会主义行为与合作创新意愿--对广东省中小企业样本的实证研究

基于网络嵌入理论和合作创新理论,构建企业的关系嵌入性、机会主义行为、合作风险感知与合作创新意愿之间关系的理论模型。以广东省197家中小企业为样本运用结构方程模型进行检验和修正。研究结论显示：关系嵌入性对机会主义行为、合作风险感知具有显著的负向影响;合作风险感知对合作创新意愿具有显著的负向影响,并在关系嵌入性与合作创新意愿的关系、机会主义行为与合作创新意愿关系中起到中介作用。此外,还以产业类型为控制变量对上述变量之间的关系进行了研究,发现在非高科技中小企业中,关系嵌入性对机会主义行为、合作风险感知的影响均不显著。     

网络化生产过程视角下的中国工业行业创新效率研究

本文从解剖创新生产过程中的要素流动机理出发,揭示了创新生产过程的网络化特征,并将创新生产过程分解为上游的技术开发阶段和下游的经济转化阶段。在此基础上,基于系统内部实际的运作过程,在考虑子过程之间关联关系及创新要素流动的非线性特征的基础上,构建基于规模报酬不变的两阶段关联网络DEA模型,对中国37个工业行业技术创新的整体、各阶段的效率进行测算;并运用技术开发-经济转化效率矩阵为各行业的技术创新效率状况进行深入分析。     

可自我实施的农产品交易平稳关系契约研究

龙头企业与农户间的农产品交易本质上属于长期合作关系,双方有效合作的基础是能够为合作双方提供长期有效的激励、降低违约风险的可自我实施契约。在界定农产品交易平稳关系契约的基础上,对在农户存在专用投资、龙头企业具有全部事后谈判力量的情形下,农产品交易最优平稳关系契约的可能形式进行分析,结论表明:最优平稳关系契约形式与双方的贴现因子、双方持续合作的概率、农户的事前和事后保留收益有关;最优的激励计划严格依赖于龙头企业承诺向农户的支付与农户的事前保留效用及事后保留效用之间的对比关系,这种对比关系使农产品交易关系契约的运行效率不再与剩余分配状况相关。     

Theoretical notes on a relational approach to principals’ time use

ABSTRACT

Principals’ time use has emerged as a serious policy problem in an era of reported decline in school outcomes – both organisational and individual student – and with difficulties in attracting quality candidates for vacancies. The contemporary crisis of the principalship is centred on an ever increasing workload (volume and complexity) and a deficit of time for instructional leadership. Units of the clock are the orthodox version of time in modern Western society. This however is not a universal and is based on an external measure of practice. This paper presents a theoretical intervention for the field by proposing an alternate conceptualisation of temporality built on relational theorising that sees practice not as having time but generating time and space. It does not assume a single version of time and instead opens a fruitful scholarly direction for recasting principals’ time use literatures.