不完全信息下存货质押业务防合谋机制设计

引入不完全信息下的重复博弈理论,建立存货质押业务管理中考虑防范物流企业与借款企业合谋银行契约设计的重复博弈模型。结果显示,在银行与物流企业信息不对称的委托监管模式下,银行应与物流企业建立长期合作关系避免单次交易,使物流企业有追随声誉模型带来的隐性激励积极性。     

HIV全序列中重复序列的研究

文章统计了HIV全序列中所有不同长度的重复序列,并分析了其重复序列的AT/GC含量。研究发现:(1)重复序列出现的次数n与出现次数为n的重复序列总数N(n)之间存在power-law关系,这表明在HIV全序列中,只有少数重复序列会出现很多次,大部分重复序列只会出现少数几次;(2)HIV全序列中的AT含量高于GC含量,并且对于不同长度K的重复序列,100%AT含量的重复序列总是多于100%GC含量的重复序列,最长的100%AT含量的重复序列比100%GC含量的重复序列要长,这表明HIV全序列在进化过程中可能经受了更多的AT压力。通过对HIV全序列中的重复序列的分析,进一步讨论HIV进化历程及特点。     

Upgraded curriculum? An analysis of knowledge boundaries in teaching under the Swedish subject-based curriculum*

This article offers a contribution to the current debate about knowledge and the curriculum, especially initiated by social realist writers. The enacted Swedish subject-based curriculum for compulsory schooling is examined and is also used as a significant case with the aim of discussing practical implications of social realist claims regarding knowledge and the curriculum. Video-recorded lessons from grade six in six different Swedish schools, in combination with teacher interviews, are explored within the scope of a curriculum theory framework with the purpose of illuminating dominant patterns of knowledge boundaries and knowledge conceptions. The study shows how the Swedish subject-based curriculum frames teaching in a direction where a disciplinary knowledge conception with fixed knowledge boundaries predominates over other knowledge forms. The subject-based curriculum also appears to produce an ‘overloading’ of content, which implies that pupils’ questions and experiences are avoided and dismissed in the teaching practice.     

中国农户合作行为的博弈分析和现实阐释

中国农户历来被认为具有善分不善合的传统,其深层原因是集体理性和个体理性的冲突以及信息不对称和机会主义行为的存在.但近年来农民合作经济组织的兴起似乎使人们看到农户合作的希望,对这些合作组织形成的一般特征进行归纳和总结成为研究农户合作行为的重要课题.本文首先回顾和评述了建国以来的农户合作运动,然后剖析了农户合作面临的困境,最后对现实中的农户合作行为及合作途径进行了阐释.     

Exploring teacher–student interactions: communities of practice,ecological learning systems – or something else?

A small-scale action research project was used to consider the policy and rhetoric surrounding development of the ‘expert learner’ and how this might be further explored to provide opportunities for learners to have greater direct involvement in reflection and discussion with teachers. The research was based within a further education setting, using participants from an ‘HE in FE’ curriculum area: teacher education. It sought to explore how involving students as partners in the peer observation process might be used to engage with student voice and enhance the teaching and learning experience for all involved. To evaluate the creation, sharing and development of teaching and learning that might be generated in such circumstances, the research used two theoretical frameworks to analyse the data: communities of practice and ecological learning systems. This article reviews the literature around these two frameworks and critically reflects on the influences of these approaches in communities of teaching and learning. Analysis of interviews, and the interactions and dialogue contained within these, revealed something else happening within these connections. As such, it considers the opportunities facilitated in this context and how development of a newly-devised continuum of practice may be used to enable professional dialogue to enhance student–teacher interactions.     

比较式审稿的建议

实施并管理同行评议是学术期刊出版业务的关键内容,引述了同行评议领域的重要关注。提出在稿件评审方式上进行改进,建议采用比较式审稿,先以读者身份判断稿件的学术价值,推荐最优和次优稿件,仅填写最优稿件的审稿意见。分析比较式审稿方式的可行性。比较式审稿能够优化出与期刊匹配的稿件,既保证了审稿质量,又能很大程度上避免重复审稿,节约同行评议的时间成本。     

3-6岁幼儿同伴冲突的观察与分析

研究采取行为抽样法对86名3-6岁幼儿的同伴冲突行为进行了观察研究。结果表明:幼儿同伴冲突行为存在性别差异;幼儿同伴冲突在游戏活动中分布最多,其次是过渡活动和教学活动,随年龄增长,幼儿同伴冲突在过渡活动中避渐减少,在教学活动中逐渐增加;小班幼儿同伴冲突着眼于物的因素。中、大班幼儿着眼于人的因素,且在大班出现了由游戏争议引起的同伴冲突;幼儿在解决同伴冲突时最常用声明策略和直接对抗策略;幼儿同件冲突绝大多数是自行处理的,很少有教师干预。     

农户合作经济组织的增收效应分析:一个新的委托-代理视角

基于一个新的委托-代理视角(将农户或农户合作经济组织看作委托人,将龙头企业看作代理人)来研究农户或农户合作经济组织与龙头企业相互博弈的过程和产生增收效应的机理。研究结果表明,在以分成制契约的框架下,由于农户合作经济组织能够更好地抵御不可抗力原因造成的风险,降低不守信的龙头企业再次寻找到合作方的概率,因此能够使参加农户合作经济组织的农户获得更多的利润分成。     

浅析科研管理之避免重复立项

从科技查新实践、地区和部门多头管理、科研论文所依托的基金项目数量等方面研究了我国科研的重复立项现象,并通过对科研项目的申报与审批流程进行分析,提出了避免重复立项的具体措施。     

统计学教学注记

根据概率论与数理统计,集合论的基本原理,讨论了现行统计学教科书中存在的两个问题.