有两个及以上“重测因素”数据资料的分析方法在体育科学中的应用研究

体育科学研究中,重复测量数据资料极为常见,"重测因素"越多,数据分析时所需要的统计学方法越复杂。通过对611篇实验研究性论文的调查,发现有295篇(48.28%)论文的数据资料是重复测量数据。其中,84.4%的论文中只有一个"重测因素",15.6%的论文中有两个或以上"重测因素"。"重测因素"个数多于一个时,统计处理错误率达84.8%。可见,众多体育科学研究者还不具备正确分析这种数据资料的能力。并且,目前为止,并没有文献或统计书籍系统介绍这种数据资料的统计处理方法,导致研究者对这类统计方法的选择无据可循,以致滥用。本研究的价值就是填补这一空白,为体育科学研究中正确选择相应的统计处理方法提供参考依据。研究中,首先把具有两个及以上"重测因素"的数据资料归类,然后通过数据模拟统计实验的方法分类探讨各模型的统计学处理方法,最后对各模型的统计学处理方法进行了归纳总结。     

食品安全规制的重复博弈分析

以博弈论为分析工具,构建了政府与企业的静态博弈支付矩阵,通过引入罚金、公众满意度变量,解释了食品安全事件出现在一国经济快速增长时期的现象.通过考察企业间重复博弈机制,并引入奖励变量,改变了企业选择生产非安全食品的纳什均衡解,得出奖励与政府监管的搭配使用可以有效引导食品企业选择生产安全食品的策略.     

Assumptions are Important

The relationship between the test statistics for the paired and pooled t tests, when applied to the same data set, is obtained. This assists us to understand why each is preferred over the other in appropriate circumstances.     

对100 m跑血乳酸变化特征及速度训练方法的初步研究

通过对74名不同水平受试者100 m跑和不同短段落重复跑后的血乳酸测定,发现受试者的训练水平对100 m跑后的血乳酸值有显著影响.不同训练水平受试者100 m跑后血乳酸都存在着不同程度的堆积.磷酸原系统的供能能力、糖酵解系统供能速率及其调节能力和机体的抗酸能力是100 m运动员加速能力、最大速度能力和速度耐力的限制性因素.不同段落重复跑后的血乳酸值在随着跑距的延长逐渐升高的过程中,存在着一个急剧升高的阶段.在本实验中,该阶段大约发生在运动6s～8s之间,选择血乳酸急剧升高之前的段落进行大强度重复跑,对发展速度素质更为有效.     

Business as un-usual through dislocatory moments – change for sustainability and scope for subjectivity in classroom practice

This paper makes a contribution to the debate that has been described as a tension between instrumental and emancipatory educational objectives in environment and sustainability education. The contribution involves a methodological approach (introd-) using the concept ‘dislocatory moments’, to identify and analyse moments in classroom practice that address educational objectives relating to ‘change for sustainability’ and ‘thinking and acting independently’. A case of business education, when ‘sustainable development’ is integrated in a series of lessons, is used to exemplify the approach involving analysis of the emergence and closure of a dislocatory moment and the change of logics that occur. The illustrative case shows how room for subjectivity and change can be intertwined in educational practice. It is suggested that the methodological approach could be used in empirical research of classroom practice to further knowledge about the kind of situations that contribute to ‘business as un-usual’ without compromising emancipatory education ideals.     

虚拟团队中信任构建的博弈分析

信任是虚拟团队的关键成功因素CSF之一，虚拟团队的成功很大程度上依赖于信任的建立和维系。通过建立博弈模型，对虚拟团队中的信任构建问题进行了系统分析，指出在虚拟团队中建立信任关系的动力机制，并给出了具体的管理策略和建议。     

利用DLL技术实现代码复用的研究

DLL技术是当今计算机软件领域中广泛采用的一种技术，在现代软件设计过程中占有重要的地位。Windows系统中大量的运用了DLL技术。文章介绍了DLL的基本原理及实现方法，讨论基于DLL技术的代码复用及内存共享技术，阐述DLL中的内存共享机制及代码复用的实现原理，给出了用Delphi编写的Dll示例程序的源代码、实现过程和效率分析。     

Influence of outliers on QTL mapping for complex traits

A method was proposed for the detection of outliers and influential observations in the framework of a mixed linear model, prior to the quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis. We investigated the impact of outliers on QTL mapping for complex traits in a mouse BXD population, and observed that the dropping of outliers could provide the evidence of additional QTL and epistatic loci affecting the 1 stBrain-OB and the 2ndBrain-OB in a cross of the abovementioned population. The results could also reveal a remarkable increase in estimating heritabilities of QTL in the absence of outliers. In addition, simulations were conducted to investigate the detection powers and false discovery rates (FDRs) of QTLs in the presence and absence of outliers. The results suggested that the presence of a small proportion of outliers could increase the FDR and hence decrease the detection power of QTLs. A drastic increase could be obtained in the estimates of standard errors for position, additive and additivex environment interaction effects of QTLs in the presence of outliers.     

论《进步前哨》中的象征意象营构

英国作家约瑟夫·康拉德在短篇小说《进步前哨》中,借助主导意象、重复意象和随伴意象的设置,揭露了所谓的欧洲文明是以掠夺殖民地为目的的,揭示了文明的入侵是导致人性的异化的罪恶根源。自诩为进步的前哨象征着殖民主义的伪善,是统摄全篇的主导意象;时隐时现的十字架暗示着殖民主义的扩张注定以失败告终,是一种重复意象;首任站长之死、马可拉等意象,象征着文明对人性的扭曲与异化,属于随伴意象。     

同位短语和复指短语刍议

语言中的“同位”不等于“复指” ,“复指”也不等于“同位” ,只有既“同位”又“复指”的短语 ,才可称为“同位短语”或“复指短语”。在短语结构类型中应定名为“同位短语”。