Remembering Smithells: Past,Present, Future

In this article, I analyze a set of narratives about, and memorials to, Philip Ashton Smithells, the founder of physical education in New Zealand and a pantheon figure within the discipline. Rather than analyzing these narratives and memorials as stories and artifacts that accurately reconstruct Smithells and his ideas and practices, I conceptualize them as choices that create representations or interpretations that are independent of the truth. I also conceptualize the memorials to Smithells, which include a building, painting, photograph, lecture, and scholarship, as triggers for personal and collective memories. But neither narratives nor memorials can guarantee what individuals or communities remember and, in this sense, history, as representations of the past, is always fluid. Notions of choice and representation may unsettle those who regard history as synonymous with facts and truths and who seek the clarity of a definitive past. However, conceptualizing history as representations reminds us that our understanding of physical education, its origins and its founders, will continually shift with new reflections and as fresh ideas emerge, material conditions change, and events unfold.     

日本高考形式的多样化改革及其启示

日本通过20世纪80年代以来的高考改革,在一定程度上改变了学历社会主导下只问分数忽视个性的弊端,使高考制度从分数本位走向人才本位,从单一性走向多样化。本文以80年代以来日本实施的高考形式的多样化改革为分析对象,从扩大考试的组织主体、考试次数的复数化与选拔方式的多样化三个层面阐析其具体实践,从中看到政府、高校、考生和家长、中学四个利益主体之间利益平衡的变化,并从四个方面探析可资我国借鉴之处。     

语用模糊策略在大学综合英语课堂教师话语中的应用

教师话语在课堂教学中发挥着重要作用。教师可以借助语用模糊来实现话语的客观性、得体性和灵活性。试以大学英语教育专业综合英语课堂教学为例,从教师话语的内涵、分类、特点出发,分析语用模糊策略的实现形式和语用功能,以期进一步优化大学综合英语课堂教师话语,提高课堂教学效果。     

从《尚书·金滕》看中国古代档案的早期形态及其史料价值

对于中国古代档案的早期形态，尤其是以物质形态保留的档案，学界基本上已经达成了以下几种共识：1．在文字出现以前的原始社会里，我们的祖先是以结绳、契刻和贝珠带等方式来记事和互相交流，这便是中国古代档案最早的形态。关于这一点，吕明军在《试论档案的起源》、朱荣基在《文字产生之前的远古档案》上已有较为详细的论述。[第一段]     

福建报纸广告折射社会形态价值变迁研究——以《闽报》(1897—1937）为例

报刊的出现使广告进入大众传播时代,广告跟随报刊的公信力、传播速度、传播范围迅速扩张,在满足人们物质文化需求的同时,促进了工商业的发展和消费文化的变革。《闽报》 广告门类众多,折射出社会生活的方方面面,契合了清末民初福建地区半殖民地半封建社会的历史现实,记录了西方文化和消费理念在福建的传播进程,反映了风起云涌的政治态势以及福建人的西方观和对本民族文化的依赖与认同,为研究福建地区社会生活和现代化的转型开辟了新道路。     

闽南佛教岩洞寺庙建筑特征与文化内涵

闽南佛教岩寺是以天然岩洞为空间,集自然山洞和人工构筑为一体的,一种非独立的附岩式石木结构建筑。其选址位置从平原山林到悬崖峭壁均有,具空间小巧灵活,布局变化多端的特点;既有洞穴幽深的特色,又具闽南传统建筑样式与装饰风格的特点,体现了建筑和环境的高度协调,极具独特的地域特征。作为不可再生的历史建筑遗产,闽南佛教岩寺融汇了洞穴艺术、建筑艺术、园林艺术、宗教哲学、社会心理等诸多价值,被赋予众多宗教内涵与文化隐喻。     

新中国中小学劳动教育发展动态、不足与展望

劳动教育已经成为新时代中小学教育极其重要的组成部分。文章对新中国中小学劳动教育发展动态进行了述评,剖析了现今中小学劳动教育存在教育部门对劳动教育的保障缺位、学校对劳动教育的认识不足、家庭对劳动教育的轻视干涉以及学生对劳动教育的不够尊重等问题,总结了劳动教育具有以劳树德、以劳增智、以劳育美和以劳强体的价值功能。在此基础上,展望新时代中小学劳动教育要走"五育融合"的道路,教育部门要做好保障工作,学校要切实推动劳动教育课程融合建设、加强师资队伍建设,打造校本课程以及家校合作,践行家庭劳动教育,以期能为推进教育现代化、建设教育强国,完成综合育人目标,实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦提供理论基础和现实依据。     

诗歌形式与“时代语言”--谈何其芳的“现代格律诗”理论

20世纪50年代,中国诗坛开展了关于诗歌形式的大讨论,其中影响最大的是何其芳的“现代格律诗”理论。该理论认为,有必要基于现代汉语的特征,发展出一种区别于古典格律诗或民歌体的“现代格律诗”:节奏均齐,每行诗“顿”数相同,押韵规律,力求作出语言精练、内容集中、易记诵、抒情性强的理想诗歌。这一理论从文学角度回应了诗歌的民族化、群众化问题,同时也是新诗节奏探索的一次可贵尝试。尽管在实践中,“顿”的节奏模式无法与现代汉语相契合,基本证明了这类理论的失败,但格律化探索仍然为诗坛带来了自觉的形式意识。     

Towards model governance in predictive toxicology

Efficient management of toxicity information as an enterprise asset is increasingly important for the chemical, pharmaceutical, cosmetics and food industries. Many organisations focus on better information organisation and reuse, in an attempt to reduce the costs of testing and manufacturing in the product development phase. Toxicity information is extracted not only from toxicity data but also from predictive models. Accurate and appropriately shared models can bring a number of benefits if we are able to make effective use of existing expertise. Although usage of existing models may provide high-impact insights into the relationships between chemical attributes and specific toxicological effects, they can also be a source of risk for incorrect decisions. Thus, there is a need to provide a framework for efficient model management. To address this gap, this paper introduces a concept of model governance, that is based upon data governance principles. We extend the data governance processes by adding procedures that allow the evaluation of model use and governance for enterprise purposes. The core aspect of model governance is model representation. We propose six rules that form the basis of a model representation schema, called Minimum Information About a QSAR Model Representation (MIAQMR). As a proof-of-concept of our model governance framework we develop a web application called Model and Data Farm (MADFARM), in which models are described by the MIAQMR-ML markup language.