The “Free Press” of Unionized Journalists and Students

This paper outlines a history of the union organizing of the American Newspaper Guild at Thomson Newspapers’ Peterborough Examiner in Canada from 1968 to 1969. It examines the communication tools that union members used to facilitate this labor organizing and “bite back” at the profitable Thomson chain. Peterborough newsworkers went on strike from November 1968 to April 1969 over union recognition. During the strike, the union members built an unprecedented alliance with Ontario university students, collaboratively launching a strike newspaper called the Peterborough Free Press. Expanding on the concept of temporary labor convergence, this paper considers how strike newspapers can be seen as a form of alternative journalism that newsworkers use as a campaigning tool to communicate their struggles to the public and put pressure on news corporations to bargain with them. This case study is situated in the local institutional contexts of labor relations at the Peterborough Examiner and the news industry in Peterborough, where Thomson Newspapers had a media monopoly. It is based on labor standpoint and signal juncture analyses of union archival documents and newspaper content. The research ultimately suggests that newsworkers should not only focus on communication tools but also build bridges with community members.     

《庸言》书业广告考略

《庸言》作为梁启超1912年从日本回国后创办的当时中国发行量最大的政论刊物,风行一时,影响甚大。《庸言》除了刊登政论、新闻、时评等文章外,也刊载了丰富多彩的书业广告。文章从广告的视角,分析《庸言》书业广告的类型、技巧、特征及其时代写照,管窥社会背景和政治文化变迁。     

A Cross-Cultural and Historical Analysis of Chinese Chui Wan in Comparison to Early Scottish Golf

Abstract

This article explores Chinese chui wan from its earliest manifestation during the Tang Dynasty, through its development, prosperity, and decline during the Qing Dynasty. The similarities and differences between chui wan and early forms of golf in Scotland are compared from a cross-cultural perspective to explore the relationship between these two cultural phenomena. While the two games had very different origins and there is no clear evidence of exposure to chui wan in Scotland, the games themselves were remarkably similar in terms of rules, equipment, venues, and player roles. It is not understood why chui wan disappeared from Chinese society, but it is likely that the development and organizational support of the two games, as well as the cultural and political contexts in which they existed, have resulted in different trajectories for Chinese chui wan and golf. Whilst chui wan has faded away, golf has become a popular game around the world.     

趋异与求同--中俄两国学校体育走向的比较研究

通过对中俄两国中小学体育及其教学走向4个方面的比较研究，考察在国际学校体育改革和发展的背景下，两国在计划经济向市场经济过渡时期学校体育的基本走向，分析探讨当代学校体育发展的基本趋势。这种趋势是：学校体育在指导思想上，正在由手段主导论转向目的主导论；学校体育在作用对象上，正在由强调客体转向强调主体；学校体育在组织管理上，正在由人治走向法治；学校体育在实施策略上，正在由统一性转向灵活性；学校体育在时间范围上，正在由学生阶段转向终身；学校体育在空间范围上，正在由学校扩大到整个社会。     

奥林匹克运动的启示

采用文献资料等研究方法.认为,奥林匹克是一场运动而不仅仅是一次运动会,接受这一特定的社会文化运动,首先应对奥林匹克与中国联系的历史有所了解,对指导这一运动的哲学思想和价值观念有所认识.奥林匹克是全人类的文化,中国应当作出自己应有的贡献.     

匈牙利自然历史博物馆的历史、设施和活动

匈牙利自然历史博物馆是世界上最早的自然历史博物馆之一,具有独特的传统并在社会中发挥着决定性的文化作用。馆内收藏有丰富的植物学、动物学、人类学、古生物学和地质学的藏品、原生型标本以及藏书,为世界各地研究人员的研究活动提供收藏品和设施。该馆每年举办的展览吸引观众约30万人次,组织近500场教育活动,受众达到了44000人。该馆意识到博物馆当前所面临的挑战与机遇,积极应对诸如气候变化、生物多样性危机、新发传染病、生物入侵等全球性问题,在探索与相关政府部门以及其他科学组织和机构合作方式过程中发挥主导作用。     

The historian activist and the Gift to the Nation project: preserving the records of the Australian Red Cross

ABSTRACT

In 2014, as part of their centenary celebrations, the Australian Red Cross initiated a project in which it transferred archives to various national, state and territory institutions across Australia including the University of Melbourne Archives and the State Library of New South Wales. The transfer of this voluminous (but not complete) collection built on earlier transfers of archives to the State Library of South Australia and the Australian War Memorial. This paper charts the origins of the plan to donate the records to public repositories. It interrogates the societal provenance of those collections, recognising that the pluralising of records is an historical process, in which the agency of archivists, historians and administrators must be understood. An investigation of Red Cross records in Australia exposes that process in its contingency, inertia and, ultimately, enthusiasm. The paper also reveals the challenges faced by voluntary organisations in preserving their records, and how historians and archivists both can benefit from assisting such organisations. Finally, this paper argues that the ‘Gift to the Nation’ project, with its national and international significance, reflects a shift in our understanding of the First World War to a transnational paradigm that recognises the important role of voluntary organisations.     

俄国资产阶级新闻事业始末考

由彼得大帝倡导创办的俄国第一张近代化的报纸《新闻报》产生于 1 70 3年 ,是俄国资产阶级新闻事业的开始。俄国近代资产阶级报业在农奴制改革之后得到了很大的发展。 1 9世纪后半期到 1 91 7年是俄国资产阶级报业发展的顶峰时期 ,其发达水平并不逊于欧美各国。十月革命后 ,资产阶级新闻事业在本土消亡 ,部分流向境外。     

多元视角下的中原姓氏入闽迁台研究

至今所见,中原姓氏入闽迁台之相关研究,在海峡两岸先后出现三个研究视角。先是福建地方史研究中涉及的中原姓氏入闽问题,此类研究,最早可追溯到南宋著名史学家郑樵等闽籍学者对福建民间家族再造中关于"闽祖光州固始"的回应。再是20世纪二三十年代兴起的跨区域移民史研究,尤其是闽台学者对闽南、客家姓氏祖地及姓氏播迁的溯源研究。然后是20世纪80年代,随着两岸关系缓和及闽台同胞寻根活动之开展,由豫、闽、台三地学者共同推动的两岸关系视角下的中原姓氏入闽迁台研究。由福建地方史向跨区域移民史和两岸关系研究视角之转移,总体上呈现为历史向文化演进的趋势。