嘉善县水稻土和稻米的硒含量状况及提高稻米硒水平的研究

对嘉善县水稻土和稻米的硒含量进行了分析.水稻土的有效态硒含量为9.52±2.26ppb,稻米硒平均为0.029±0.006ppm,普遍低于0.040ppm.提高稻米硒的田间试验表明,在水稻齐穗期喷施20ppm亚硒酸钠,可使稻米硒水平提高3～4倍,早、晚稻的稻米硒含量分别为0.197±0.149ppm和0.153±0.101ppm.     

水氮互作对水稻茎叶中氮形态及部分无机元素含量的影响

采用聚乙二醇(PEG6000)模拟水稻干旱胁迫方法，研究了水氮逆境下不同品种水稻茎叶氮素形态及部分无机离子含量的变化．研究结果表明，干旱胁迫使水稻茎叶中可溶性蛋白(SP)、全P、Na^ 含量降低，而对水稻体内全氮(TN)、蛋白态氮(prN)、非蛋白态氮(NprN)及K^ 、Ca^2 、Mg^2 含量的影响因品种而异，且与供氮水平有关．干旱胁迫下，氮素营养可明显增加水稻茎叶可溶性蛋白(SP)、全氮(TN)、蛋白氮(prN)及非蛋白氮(NprN)、全P、K^ 、Na^ 含量，但对Ca2^2 及Mg^2 含量的影响具有品种间差异性。     

广西水稻种业知识产权保护现状及发展对策

通过农业植物新品种、专利、地理标志等三方面分析广西水稻种业知识产权保护现状,发现广西水稻种业知识产权存在创造数量与质量不高、管理不够重视、运用效果不明显、保护效果待加强等问题。提出从六方面加强广西水稻种业知识产权保护,以促进广西水稻产业进一步发展:进行立体保护,全方位保护水稻种业知识产权;实行全程管理,提高知识产权保护与运用水平;提升专利质量,培育高价值核心专利;营造良好的知识产权保护与服务环境;加强农村知识产权教育,助力乡村振兴;以及加强种业"走出去"过程中的知识产权保护等。     

Ultrabithorax is a key regulator for the dimorphism of wings,a main cause for the outbreak of planthoppers in rice

Rice planthoppers, the most devastating rice pests, occur in two wing forms: the short-wing form for rapid population growth and long-wing form for long-distance migration, which together create the mechanism for outbreak. Here we show that Ultrabithorax (Ubx) is a key regulator for switching between the long- and short-wing forms of rice planthoppers. Ubx is expressed in both forewing and hindwing pads, which is different from the canonical model of Ubx expression. In brown planthoppers, expression of Ubx (NlUbx) is regulated by nutritional status of the rice host. High-quality young plants induce NlUbx expression leading to the short-wing form; low-quality ripe plants reduce NlUbx expression resulting in long-wing form. We also showed that NlUbx is regulated by the insulin receptors NlInR1 and NlInR2. The default expression of NlInR1 inhibits NlUbx resulting in long-wings, while high-quality hosts induce NlInR2 expression, which represses NlInR1 thus promoting NlUbx expression to produce short-wings.     

桑树木腐病的初步研究

浙江省杭州的桑树和喜树感染一种层孔菌(暗黄层孔菌)后,形成树木木腐甚至枯死。发病严重度和土壤的酸碱度及湿度有密切关系。暗黄层孔菌在酸性米饭培养基培养成功。用石灰治疗有效。     

1987-2016年中国粮食贸易时空格局演变及贸易结构安全性评估

粮食进出口贸易结构影响国家粮食安全.在开放的全球粮食贸易系统中,贸易格局与贸易安全水平息息相关,因此,准确评判中国粮食贸易结构的安全程度成为亟待解决的重要问题.本文采用净贸易量计算法、香农熵指数法对中国1987-2016年主要粮食(玉米、小麦、稻米、大豆)的进出口贸易时空格局和贸易结构安全性进行了分析.研究发现:①20...     

云科-18选3的孕穗期耐冷性评价及遗传研究

在湛江2004和2005年度,于自然条件下对237个水稻材料进行大田分期播种试验和人工气候箱定温试验。并对所有这些材料进行孕穗期耐冷性评价,其中来源于云南农科院并经单株选择的云科-18选3能耐受12℃的低温,是所有供试材料中最为耐冷的。用云科-18选3作母本与不耐冷材料R6067作父本杂交,以低温条件下的自交结实率作为孕穗期的耐冷性评价指标,采用王建康等分析软件,研究表明云科-18选3孕穗期耐冷性受一对主效基因控制。     

楠木人工林不同抚育措施试验研究

采用三因素三水平的正交设计对楠木进行不同抚育措施造林试验。结果表明:年抚育次数对1年生和2年生楠木幼树影响最大,抚育方式次之,但两者影响均未达到显著水平;年抚育次数对3年生楠木幼树影响最大,抚育方式次之,两者的影响均达到显著水平;抚育年度对4～5年生楠木幼树影响最大,抚育次数次之,抚育方式最小,抚育年度对4～5年生幼树影响达到极显著水平,第4～5年不抚育会严重影响幼树生长。     

两系粳杂70优04高产制种技术

通过对两系杂交粳稻 70优 0 4制种实施“父本栽插苗数”、“父母本栽插行比”、“生物激素使用”和“父本偏施氮肥”四项试验 ,明确了该组合制种父本适宜栽插苗数为穴栽 2粒种子苗 ,行比以 2∶1 2为宜 ,九二○最佳用量为 2 40 g/hm2 。分析了父本适当偏施氮肥应注意的问题     

Characterization of (68)Zn uptake, translocation, and accumulation into developing grains and young leaves of high Zn-density rice genotype

Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient for humans, but Zn deficiency has become serious as equally as iron (Fe) and vitamin A deficiencies nowadays. Selection and breeding of high Zn-density crops is a suitable, cost-effective, and sustainable way to improve human health. However, the mechanism of high Zn density in rice grain is not fully understood, especially how Zn transports from soil to grains. Hydroponics experiments were carried out to compare Zn uptake and distribution in two different Zn-density rice genotypes using stable isotope technique. At seedling stage, IR68144 showed higher ⁶⁸Zn uptake and transport rate to the shoot for the short-term, but no significant difference was observed in both genotypes for the long-term. Zn in xylem sap of IR68144 was consistently higher, and IR68144 exhibited higher Zn absorption ratio than IR64 at sufficient (2.0 μmol/L) or surplus (8.0 μmol/L) Zn supply level. IR64 and IR68144 showed similar patterns of ⁶⁸Zn accumulation in new leaves at seedling stage and in developing grains at ripening stage, whereas ⁶⁸Zn in new leaves and grains of IR68144 was consistently higher. These results suggested that a rapid root-to-shoot translocation and enhanced xylem loading capacity may be the crucial processes for high Zn density in rice grains.