中国岩石边坡植被护坡技术现状及发展趋势

该文对岩石边坡植被护坡工程原理及我国的技术现状进行了初步阐述,并为国内的岩石边坡植被护坡技术研究的发展方向提出了几点建议.岩石边坡植被护坡技术是指用活的植物与工程措施结合,以防止岩石坡面风化剥落的一项生态工程技术.岩石边坡植被护坡工程是在坡面构建各种各样的基质-植被综合保护体系,它可以看作是特殊的复合材料系统,基质-植被综合保护体系是岩石边坡植被护坡工程原理的重要组成部分,其护坡功能主要通过植被、引导基质与工程措施的协同作用来实现,可形成基岩-基质-植被的有机整体,达到稳固坡面的目的.岩石边坡植被护坡技术具有突出的优点和潜能,现已逐渐替代传统的护坡技术而成为岩石坡面防护的重要技术手段,其应用技术通常有框架内植草护坡,植被型生态混凝土护坡和厚层基材喷射护坡.同其他几类技术相比,厚层基材喷射护坡技术具有施工工艺简单、成本较低的优点,且其应用范围更加广阔,为我国岩石边坡植被护坡技术的发展起到了重要的促进作用.     

中国岩石边坡植被护坡技术现状及发展趋势

该文对岩石边坡植被护坡工程原理及我国的技术现状进行了初步阐述,并为国内的岩石边坡植被护坡技术研究的发展方向提出了几点建议。岩石边坡植被护坡技术是指用活的植物与工程措施结合,以防止岩石坡面风化剥落的一项生态工程技术。岩石边坡植被护坡工程是在坡面构建各种各样的基质-植被综合保护体系,它可以看作是特殊的复合材料系统,基质-植被综合保护体系是岩石边坡植被护坡工程原理的重要组成部分,其护坡功能主要通过植被、引导基质与工程措施的协同作用来实现,可形成基岩-基质-植被的有机整体,达到稳固坡面的目的。岩石边坡植被护坡技术具有突出的优点和潜能,现已逐渐替代传统的护坡技术而成为岩石坡面防护的重要技术手段,其应用技术通常有框架内植草护坡,植被型生态混凝土护坡和厚层基材喷射护坡。同其他几类技术相比,厚层基材喷射护坡技术具有施工工艺简单、成本较低的优点,且其应用范围更加广阔,为我国岩石边坡植被护坡技术的发展起到了重要的促进作用。     

感知的企业社会责任对员工创新行为作用机制的实证研究

在经济转型和社会发展进入新阶段,创新成为时代主旋律的大背景下,“如何激发员工创新行为”已成为当前企业人力资源管理实践最重要的问题之一。本研究从责任伦理的视角探讨了员工感知的社会责任(PCSR)对员工创新行为的影响机制。通过对671名的家族企业员工的调查研究发现：(1)PCSR会对员工创新行为产生正向的影响;(2)组织认同、工作不安全感和员工的工作投入在PCSR和员工创新行为之间起着重要的中介作用,PCSR通过影响员工的组织认同、工作安全感和工作投入进而对其创新行为产生影响;(3)本研究把PCSR分为内部和外部两个层面,并对比研究发现员工感知的内部社会责任对组织认同、工作投入和员工创新力的影响效应要显著大于员工感知的外部社会责任。本研究着眼于责任伦理的教化与感知,比较有创见性的提出责任伦理的感知和教化等软性因素是驱动创新的重要源动力和管理落脚点,丰富了关于PCSR领域的研究,也为管理实践中“如何调动员工的创新行为”提供了一个新的有益思路。     

基于二次匹配的指纹识别方法的研究

在前人的研究成果的基础上,对指纹识别的各个过程,包括指纹图像预处理、指纹图像特征点提取、指纹匹配等相关算法进行了研究。特别是在指纹图像匹配阶段,为了得到较好的效果,采用了两次匹配的过程,第一次匹配使用传统的基于特征点的匹配方法,能够迅速地去除差距很大的图片和效果较好的匹配图片,而第二次匹配使用了基于可变界限盒的串距离匹配方法,这种方法能够更好地适应指纹图像的非线性形变等情况。通过这样的两次匹配,能够得到比较满意的匹配结果。     

Impact in the school system of a strategy for identifying and selecting academically talented students: the experience of Program PENTA‐UC

The study explores the consequences, for participating schools, of the implementation of a system for the identification and selection of academically talented students, in the context of an extracurricular enrichment program operating at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. The participants were 73 students, 50 teachers, and seven members of the school administration, in seven schools. Data were collected through interviews and focus groups. The results indicated that the identification and selection processes have mostly positive effects on teachers and students. Some potentially negative effects were also detected for the classmates of the talented students, which relate mainly to the manner in which information was handled. Possible implications of these findings for this program for talented children and other similar programs are discussed.     

排球比赛过程风险控制研究

排球比赛风险是指比赛过程中导致本方技战术发挥失常、心理不稳定的各类不可控因素和突发性事件,探讨对比赛风险的控制对于球队获取胜利具有重要意义。通过构建风险识别体系和风险应对体系,并将其运用于高水平球队的训练与比赛,可有效降低比赛过程中各种风险对球队在心理稳定和技战术发挥的危害程度,从而增加制胜概率。     

Team identification and sports fandom as predictors of fan aggression: The moderating role of ageing

In the current study, the explored the moderating role of ageing in the relationship between team identification/fandom and fan aggression. The authors used an online panel-based survey that offered access to a realworld population of sports fans. Participants were 740 fans of Israeli professional basketball. Results from structural equation modelling demonstrated that older fans reported higher levels of mere sports fandom and lower levels of self-reported aggression and acceptance of aggression. Moreover, age moderated the relationships between team identification (or fandom) and self-reported aggression, such that team identification (or fandom) was more strongly associated with selfreported fan aggression among younger fans than among older fans. The moderating role of age in the relationships between team identification (or fandom) and perceptions of appropriateness of aggression was not supported. The findings contribute to our theoretical understanding of the role of ageing in the relationship between fan identification and fan aggression. Based on these findings, the authors assert that managers might particularly benefit from leveraging the potential, but often neglected, segment of senior fans, since older fans can play a key role in reducing the level of aggression during competitive sports events. Suggestions for future research are also discussed.     

Key somatic variables in young backstroke swimmers

The purpose of this study was to estimate the optimal body size, limb-segment length, girth or breadth ratios for 100-m backstroke mean speed performance in young swimmers. Sixty-three young swimmers (boys [n = 30; age: 13.98 ± 0.58 years]; girls [n = 33; age: 13.02 ± 1.20 years]) participated in this study. To identify the optimal body size and body composition components associated with 100-m backstroke speed performance, we adopted a multiplicative allometric log-linear regression model, which was refined using backward elimination. The multiplicative allometric model exploring the association between 100-m backstroke mean speed performance and the different somatic measurements estimated that biological age, sitting height, leg length for the lower-limbs, and two girths (forearm and arm relaxed girth) are the key predictors. Stature and body mass did not contribute to the model, suggesting that the advantage of longer levers was limb-specific rather than a general whole-body advantage. In fact, it is only by adopting multiplicative allometric models that the abovementioned ratios could have been derived. These findings highlighted the importance of considering somatic characteristics of young backstroke swimmers and can help swimming coaches to classify their swimmers and enable them to suggest what might be the swimmers’ most appropriate stroke (talent identification).     

Age and maturity related differences in motor coordination among male elite youth soccer players

This study investigated differences in generic and soccer specific motor coordination, as well as speed and agility depending on age and maturity in elite youth soccer players (U10-U15, N = 619). Measurements included body height, body weight and sitting height to estimate age at peak height velocity (APHV); three Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder subtests (i.e. jumping sideways (JS), moving sideways (MS), balancing backwards (BB)) to assess generic motor coordination; the UGent dribbling test for soccer specific motor coordination; a 5m/30m sprint and T-test for speed and agility, respectively. Age specific z-scores of the predicted APHV identified players as earlier, on time or later maturing. (M)ANOVA analyses showed significant age by maturity interaction effects for the speed and agility test cluster, revealing maturity related differences in U14 and U15 players. Next to an overall higher performance with age for all test clusters (η² 0.080–0.468), earlier maturing players outperformed their later maturing peers in 5m/30m sprinting. The opposite was seen for JS and BB. So, players’ maturity status should be taken into account to adequately value performance in talent identification. Also, the focus on characteristics that appear to be minimally biased by an earlier maturational timing (i.e. motor coordination) should be increased.     

基于层次全息模型的中小学体育运动会风险评估研究

随着社会进步与教育环境诸多变化,中小学体育运动会风险管理亟需实现积极安全态度与现代技术防范并举。基于新时期中小学体育运动会风险评估是含有多重判断的复杂体系,该文引入层次全息建模HHM风险识别分析工具,构建包括运动会本体、组织管理、人员素质、场地设施、环境5大类别24个层次全息子系统的适用中小学体育运动会风险识别的全息模型,重点阐释了"组织管理——人员"风险识别的主场景,并通过HHM全息框架的指标转换、推演与扩展,统计中小学体育运动会风险清单全息模型配对的发生数目,运用层次分析法和帕累托分析法进行量化和评级,为中小学体育运动会风险量化评估提供参考依据。