我国普通高校体育教学内容的选择——休闲因子的提取

采用文献综述法、问卷调查法、主成分分析法等,通过研究对象在对经过严格筛选的极具代表性的39个体育项目的感受程度的选择后,提取了情感体验因子、生活方式因子、自我个性发展因子、缓压和自由选择因子等4大因子,并对这4个因子进行分析,论证这4大休闲价值因子在大学体育教学内容的选择体系中的重要地位.     

Inhibition of preadipocyte differentiation by Lycium barbarum polysaccharide treatment in 3T3-L1 cultures

BackgroundLycium barbarum (also called wolfberry), a famous Chinese traditional medicine and food ingredient, is well recognized for its significant role in preventing obesity; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying its preventive effects on fat accumulation are not well understood yet. The aim of this study was to determine the effects and mechanism of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) on the proliferation and differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. MTT was used to detect the proliferation of 3T3-Ll preadipocytes. Oil red O staining and colorimetric analysis were used to detect cytosolic lipid accumulation during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qPCR) technology was used to detect peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), adipocyte fatty-acid-binding protein (aP2), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) expression.ResultsThe concentration of LBP from 25 to 200 μg/mL showed a tendency to inhibit the growth of preadipocytes at 24 h, and it inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in a dose-dependent manner. In the preadipocytes treated with 200 μg/mL LBP, there were reduced lipid droplets in the cytoplasm, and its effect was opposite to that of rosiglitazone (ROS), which significantly reduced the PPARγ, C/EBPα, aP2, FAS, and LPL mRNA expression of adipocytes.ConclusionsLBP exerts inhibitive effects on the proliferation and differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and decreases the cytoplasm accumulation of lipid droplets during induced differentiation of preadipocytes toward mature cells. Above phenomenon might link to lowered expression of PPARγ, C/EBPα, aP2, FAS, and LPL after LBP treatment. Thus, LBP could serve as a potential plant extract to treat human obesity or improve farm animal carcass quality via adjusting lipid metabolism.How to cite: Xu X, Chen W, Yu S, et al. Inhibition of preadipocyte differentiation by Lycium barbarum polysaccharide treatment in 3T3-L1 cultures. Electron J Biotechnol 2021;50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2021.01.003     

地衣芽孢杆菌A－57碱性蛋白酶提取新工艺的探讨

研究了以Ｎａ＿２ＳＯ＿４为主要盐析剂提取碱性蛋白酶的工艺，分别就Ｎａ＿２ＳＯ＿４加量、ｐＨ和温度３个因素进行了试验，得出Ｎａ＿２ＳＯ＿４最佳用量为２５％、最佳ｐＨ为８．５和最适温度３０℃．其中Ｎａ＿２ＳＯ＿４加量是影响盐析的主要因素。本文还以有机溶剂丙酮对酶的提取作了初步研究，可考虑用于生产食品级碱性蛋白酶。     

软枣猕猴桃蛋白酶提取液的体外亚硝酸盐清除和抗氧化活性初探

为了研究软枣猕猴桃蛋白酶提取液的抗氧化性能和它对亚硝酸盐的清除作用。本实验测定不同浓度的软枣猕猴桃蛋白酶提取液对亚硝酸钠和DPPH的清除能力。并向蛋白酶提取液中添加了一定浓度的抗坏血酸和丁羟基茴香醚,测定它们之间协同作用的抗氧化性能和清除亚硝酸盐能力。试验结果表明,软枣猕猴桃蛋白酶提取液的抗氧化性能和对亚硝酸盐的清除能力都与浓度呈正相关。软枣猕猴桃蛋白酶提取液可有效清除亚硝酸盐,并具有一定的抗氧化能力。     

减二线NMP抽出油同时制取芳烃油及裂化原料工艺研究

某炼油厂减二线NMP抽出油芳碳率高达51.84%,将此抽出油利用糠醛单溶剂再抽提,剂油比为3时重相油中芳烃质量百分含量在90%以上,芳碳率在70%以上,满足高芳烃油芳烃含量要求。利用糠醛+石油醚再抽提此抽出油效果比单用糠醛更好,在减二抽:糠醛∶石油醚=1∶1∶1和减二抽∶糠醛∶石油醚=1∶1∶2时,重相油中芳烃质量百分含量均在90%以上,芳碳率分别为74.65%和85.60%;重相油中糠醛含量比糠醛∶减二抽=3时少,蒸出溶剂耗能耗时较少。双溶剂处理后轻相油裂化性能均较处理前优化明显,在减二抽:糠醛∶石油醚=1∶1∶1时裂化性能更佳。     

烤烟烟叶浸出物对微生物生长的影响

采用比浊法和菌丝体湿重法测定生物量,测定了初烤烟叶蒸馏水浸出物对4种细菌和3种真菌生长的影响.结果表明,烟叶浸出物对细菌和真菌生长的影响不同.在剂量范围内,烟叶浸出物对铜绿假单孢菌（Pseudo-monas aeruginosa）,大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）,枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）和金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcusaureus）没有抑制作用,对爪哇毛霉（Mucor jaranicas）,灰葡萄孢（Botrytis cinerea）和白色念珠菌（Canadida albi-cans）有抑制作用,抑制率分别为89.5%,74.8%和19.4%.     

天南星提取物的抗炎作用及机制研究

目的：观察天南星提取物的抗炎作用并分析其机制。方法：采用二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀、棉球诱发小鼠肉芽肿增生及醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加等三种模型,观察天南星提取物对不同炎症模型的抗炎作用。结果：天南星块茎醇提取物、乙酸乙酯提取物,天南星果实石油醚提取物均能明显抑制二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀度（P〈0.01）;能减轻小鼠棉球肉芽肿（P〈0．01）;且能明显降低小鼠毛细血管通透性（P〈0．01,P〈0.05）。结论：天南星上述提取物具有明显的抗炎作用,其抗炎作用可能与降低血管通透性有关。本实验为其开发利用提供了科学的依据。     

扁担杆乙酸乙酯部位镇痛作用

研究扁担杆乙酸乙酯部位的镇痛作用。采用化学方法制备扁担杆乙酸乙酯部位。采用热板法和醋酸致小鼠扭体实验观察乙酸乙酯部位对小鼠的镇痛作用。结果发现低浓度扁担杆乙酸乙酯部位能能明显提高小鼠痛域值并减少醋酸致小鼠扭体次数;中浓度乙酸乙酯部位可以减少醋酸致小鼠扭体次数,但对小鼠痛域值并没有影响。实验结果提示扁担杆乙酸乙酯部位具有一定镇痛作用。     

基于三点二次插值的方程求根算法

考虑非线性方程的求根问题,将方程f（x）=0的求根问题转化为求函数g（x）=[f（x）]^2极小值的问题.利用优化技术中的三点二次插值法求解,在不需要计算导数的情况下给出一种具有超线性收敛的迭代算法.     

伞房花耳草中乌索酸的提取与鉴定(Ⅵ)

目的：提取分离及鉴定伞房花耳草活性成分乌索酸．方法：用“醇提凝析”法提取分离乌索酸,光谱鉴定其结构．结果：确证化合物为乌索酸,HPLC测定其含量为99．58％,得率3．12‰。结论：提取分离方法实用可行,乌索酸纯度高,安全性好。