老子"自然无为"的意蕴及其现代价值

“自然无为”是老子哲学思想的显著特色。老子思想中“自然无为”命题并不是无所作为,随心所欲,而是要以辩证法的原则指导人们的社会生活,帮助人们寻找顺应自然、遵循事物客观发展的规律。结合道法自然的生态理念、清静无为的处世哲学、自然纯真的人生旨趣等若干问题,揭示老子“自然无为”这一思想的现代价值。     

基金视角下的学科知识流动网络构建与分析

[目的/意义] 在学科交叉融合的背景和趋势下,科研人员的跨学科研究行为促进了知识在不同学科之间的共享与流动。以基金领域为视角,研究学科知识流动,以期为基金管理工作提出建议。[方法/过程] 提出基于基金代码共现的学科知识流动强度测量方法,并利用社会网络分析方法,对193517个国家自然科学基金项目数据构建学科知识流动网络,探究网络的演变过程以及不同学科层次内知识流动路径。[结果/结论] 通过以上分析,得到如下结论:学科知识流动网络是无标度网络,随着时间的推移,网络的规模和结构都发生显著的变化,网络中重要节点呈非稳态;不同学部之间,存在若干条较为重要的知识流动路径;在某一个学部内,具有较广影响力的一类学科往往更容易构成知识流动链条。     

输水渠道横断面设计水深测试及计算(综合性)实验

输水渠道横断面设计水深测试及计算实验结合“灌溉排水工程学”及“水力学”等学科的知识,在实验过程中,通过对实验数据的测试、分析及计算和渠道模型实物的观摩,加深了对渠道设计原理的理解,与课堂上的理论教学起到了良好的互动作用。     

坚持以人为本的研究性学习--"邓小平理论和‘三个代表’重要思想概论"课的社会实践活动

在“邓小平理论和‘三个代表’重要思想概论”课的教学中,如何找到一条既能体现“两课”的导向作用,又使学生乐于接受的途径,成为“两课”教师经常讨论的问题。在实践中,我总结出了坚持以人为本的研究性学习,坚持社会实践活动是行之有效的途径。研究性学习内容丰富、形式多样,可以提高大学生思想理论素质、提高学生综合素质、锻炼能力。研究性学习需要有效的组织机制和学习制度保障。     

以能力本位为核心的高职自动控制原理课程改革

本文首先介绍了国内自动控制原理课程的现状，研究了高职自动控制原理课程存在的问题，提出了以能力本位为核心的高职教学课程体系和教学方式，并在高职院校进行了初步的实践。最后对该课程的改革实践效果进行了阐述。     

如何认识和控制我国当前的财政债务规模

我国财政债务规模包括中央财政规模和隐性、或有债务规模。为此,只有全面认识财政债务的实际规模,并分析其不断扩大的原因,才能在实践中采取有效措施,控制和缩减当前的财政债务规模。     

西部大开发战略的经济学思考

西部大开发战略的提出标志着我国经济发展战略的重大转变,也是实现经济均衡发展的重要举措,如何实现西部经济快速起飞,关键在于实现三个转变：经济发展战略从“梯度推移论”到西部跳跃发展;经济发展环境从偏向沿海地区向西部地区转移;经济发展重点从城市偏向改革到注重农村市场开拓。     

人生看点——文学的瞭望

梦是人类固有本能,是生命资源。所谓人生,实由“实生活”和“梦生活”两部分构成。这一构成方式,为学和宗教提供了巨大空间,它们都关注着人类的善恶生死,排演着各式各样的悲、喜剧。在宗教“绝情”处,学继续“用情”,二相反相成,拓新着我们的研究视野,使“人生看点”更加丰富、好看。     

Reliability of arterial spin labelling measurements of perfusion within the quadriceps during steady-state exercise

Arterial spin labelling (ASL) provides a potential method to non-invasively determine muscle blood flow and examine the impact of interventions such as supplementation and training. However, it's a method with intrinsically low signal, leading to limitations in accuracy and temporal resolution. To examine these limitations, the current study measured perfusion via ASL on three occasions in the rectus femoris of 10 healthy adults, during light and moderate exercise, over three different exercise durations. For data sampled over 9 min, light intensity exercise gave an average perfusion of 35.0 ± 5.1 ml/min.100g^?1 with a coefficient of variation (COV) of 16% and single intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.67. For the moderate bout, perfusion was 51.3 ± 5.6 ml/min.100g^?1 (COV 10%, ICC 0.82). When the same data were analyzed over 5 min 24 s, perfusion was 37.8 ± 11.13 (COV 30%, ICC 0.13) during light and 49.5 ± 8.8 ml/min.100g^?1 (COV 18%, ICC 0.52) during moderate exercise. When sampling was reduced to 1 min 48 s, perfusion was 41.2 ± 13.7 (COV 33%, ICC 0.26) during light and 49.5 ± 13.6 ml/min.100g^?1 (COV 28%, ICC 0.04) during moderate exercise. For 9 min a significant perfusion difference was found between the exercise intensities; however, this was not the case for sampling over 5 min 24 s or 1 min 48 s. Such findings illustrate the potential of ASL to non-invasively monitor muscle perfusion under steady-state conditions, but highlight that extended exercise protocols are necessary in order to generate date of sufficient reliability to be able to discriminate intervention dependent perfusion differences.     

The effect of 14 weeks of vitamin D3 supplementation on antimicrobial peptides and proteins in athletes

Heavy training is associated with increased respiratory infection risk and antimicrobial proteins are important in defence against oral and respiratory tract infections. We examined the effect of 14 weeks of vitamin D₃ supplementation (5000 IU/day) on the resting plasma cathelicidin concentration and the salivary secretion rates of secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), cathelicidin, lactoferrin and lysozyme in athletes during a winter training period. Blood and saliva were obtained at the start of the study from 39 healthy men who were randomly allocated to vitamin D₃ supplement or placebo. Blood samples were also collected at the end of the study; saliva samples were collected after 7 and 14 weeks. Plasma total 25(OH)D concentration increased by 130% in the vitamin D₃ group and decreased by 43% in the placebo group (both P = 0.001). The percentage change of plasma cathelicidin concentration in the vitamin D₃ group was higher than in the placebo group (P = 0.025). Only in the vitamin D₃ group, the saliva SIgA and cathelicidin secretion rates increased over time (both P = 0.03). A daily 5000 IU vitamin D₃ supplement has a beneficial effect in up-regulating the expression of SIgA and cathelicidin in athletes during a winter training period, which could improve resistance to respiratory infections.