Tackle and ruck technique proficiency within academy and senior club rugby union

ABSTRACT

This study examined the validity of a tool that assesses tackle and ruck technique in training and established reference data for tackle, ball-carry and ruck technique at different levels of play in rugby union. One hundred and thirty-one amateur rugby union players; 37 senior, 51 first-grade academy and 43 second-grade academy players, participated in a two-on-two contact drill. The drill was filmed and the players’ tackle, ball-carry and ruck technique were assessed using standardized technical criteria. Senior level players scored significantly higher in all three assessments; tackle technique senior vs academy 1^st (p < 0.01, effect size (ES) = 0.7, moderate), senior vs academy 2^nd (p < 0.01, ES = 0.7, moderate); ball-carry technique senior vs academy 1^st (p < 0.01, ES = 0.6, moderate), senior vs academy 2^nd (p < 0.01, ES = 0.8, moderate); ruck technique senior vs academy 1^st (p < 0.01, ES = 0.7, moderate), senior vs academy 2^nd (p < 0.01, ES = 0.4, small). These findings emphasize the importance of developing contact technique to allow players to progress to higher levels, and provide validity to an assessment tool which can facilitate this process.     

试析鲁迅后期杂文的“曲笔”

鲁迅前后期杂文在写作上都有高度的典型性,严密的逻辑性,生动的形象性,深刻的讽刺性,不同流俗的趣味性,以及语言的精炼、准确、幽默等突出的共同特点。到了后期,面对国民党的反革命文化＂围剿＂,鲁迅的一部分杂文,不得不寻求＂钻网＂之术,或借古讽今,或指桑骂槐,或虚中有实,通过＂曲笔＂隐晦曲折地表达自己的思想感情。     

Latent Markov Factor Analysis for Exploring Measurement Model Changes in Time-Intensive Longitudinal Studies

When time-intensive longitudinal data are used to study daily-life dynamics of psychological constructs (e.g., well-being) within persons over time (e.g., by means of experience sampling methodology), the measurement model (MM)—indicating which constructs are measured by which items—can be affected by time- or situation-specific artifacts (e.g., response styles and altered item interpretation). If not captured, these changes might lead to invalid inferences about the constructs. Existing methodology can only test for a priori hypotheses on MM changes, which are often absent or incomplete. Therefore, we present the exploratory method “latent Markov factor analysis” (LMFA), wherein a latent Markov chain captures MM changes by clustering observations per subject into a few states. Specifically, each state gathers validly comparable observations, and state-specific factor analyses reveal what the MMs look like. LMFA performs well in recovering parameters under a wide range of simulated conditions, and its empirical value is illustrated with an example.     

远程控制技术在现代化制造实验中的应用

介绍一种基于视像会议技术和虚拟网络计算技术的远程控制技术在现代化制造实验中的应用。在应用中加强粤港高校合作，进行现代化的创新设计与制造实验，可收到较好的效果。     

中国画水墨体系的程式化及其价值

文人画是中国美术史上特有的一种文化现象，它强调笔墨、强调抒发作者的思想情感。诗、书、画、印四位一体是其程式化的表现形式。科学地分析文人画的水墨体系，对当今中国画的发展仍具有十分重要的推动作用。     

围绕数学素质进行基本技能训练—中学生运算推理技能测试结果透视

对数学素质教育界定的理论进行了比较分析,在此基础上阐明了自己的观点,并以近期在苏南四地区所作的中学生运算、推理技能测试结果为分析材料,从一个侧面阐述了对数学素质教育的一些看法．     

广告创作论

为适应广告业的需求,也为广告创作能成为一门独立的系统学科,特作本稿,论及广告类型、特点、创作法则及创作技法诸问题。     

虚拟仪器技术在电子线路实验中的研究

简要介绍虚拟仪器技术,虚拟仪器系统构成及其特点,并通过电子线路实验的实例,为实验教学仪器发展的研究开辟了新途径     

论电视纪录片《梁思成林徽因》的叙事艺术

《梁思成林徽因》是近年来一部不可多得的电视纪录片佳作。文章认为该片的叙事艺术主要体现为以下三个方面：其一,情感与事业的交响;其二,个人与民族的交融;其三,历史与人文的交织。     

杂交水稻和杂交小麦的选育（1960—2000年）——面向国民经济主战场的新中国农业科技

文章回顾中国开展水稻和小麦的杂交育种工程,揭示农业科研必须面向经济建设主战场的神圣使命。中国农业科研体制发挥了集中力量办大事的制度优势,坚持顶层设计和规划引领,坚持与时俱进、不断创新,促使农业科技进步在保障国家粮食安全、提高人民生活水平方面作出巨大贡献。70年来,中国培育了一大批稻、麦新品种,实现了作物矮秆化、杂交化、优质化的3次跨越,完成了6次新品种更新换代。此外,在稻、麦高产栽培方面取得了重大的创新性技术成果,推动了中国粮食生产的跨越式进步。