无机离子性盐类溶解性的热力学研究

离子性盐类溶解性的问题是无机化学教学中的一个难点,一般运用离子极化和化学键理论予以定性的解释,过于粗浅;运用化学热力学的方法就离子性盐类溶解性的问题进行分析研究,从宏观上定量的或半定量的分析讨论,可以引导学生将宏观的热力学数据与微观的结构因素联系起来,从而使学生对离子性盐类溶解性的问题有比较深刻的理解,其效果远比只从微观所作的定性解释更能令人信服。     

重量分析中沉淀溶解度及沉淀剂最佳浓度讨论

对重量分析中既存在同离子效应又存在络合效应时沉淀剂对沉淀溶解度的影响进行了探讨,并推导出两种效应同时存在时要使沉淀反应完全,应控制沉淀剂最佳浓度的计算公式。     

碘化铅溶度积测定实验微型化的探索

探索碘化铅溶度积测定实验微型化的最佳条件,介绍了该微型实验的方法.     

关于三极管放大区和饱和区的工程划分

通过短路埃伯尔斯-莫尔模型对双极型晶体管的放大工作状态和饱和工作状态进行了分析,按照所分析的结论,通过实例说明在发射结正偏、集电结也正偏(但偏置电压较小)时,双极型晶体管仍处于放大状态。     

烃、醇和醚沸点的分子拓扑研究

基于元素的Pauling电负性,原子成σ键的电子数,原子直接键连的氢原子数目和原子在形成离域π键时所提供的Pz电子数,定义了一种原子点价公式,构建了分子连接性指数.研究了烷烃、单烯烃、单炔烃、苯和其同系物,饱和一元醇,多元醇和脂肪醚沸点同其分子连接性指数的相关性.结果表明:分子连接性指数具有良好的结构选择性和性质相关性,可用于预测有机化合物的沸点.     

轴向扩散下不可压饱和多孔简支弹性杆的弯曲

Based on the mathematical model of the bending of the incompressible saturated poroelastic beam with axialdiffusion, the quasi-static bendings of the simply supported poroelastic beam subjected to a suddenly applied constant loadwere investigated, and the analytical solutions were obtained for different diffusion conditions of the pore fluid at the beamends. The deflections, the bending moments of the solid skeleton and the equivalent couples of the pore pressures werepresented in figures. It is also shown that the behavior of the saturated poroelastic beams depends closely on the diffusionconditions at the beam ends, especially for the equivalent couples of the pore pressures. It is found that the Mandel-Cryereffect also exists in the bending of the saturated poroelastic beams under specific diffusion conditions at the beam ends.     

Critical cyclic stress ratio of undisturbed saturated soft clay in the yangtze estuary under complex stress conditions

There exists a critical cyclic stress ratio when sand or clay is subjected to cyclic loading. It is an index distinguishing stable state or failure state. The soil static and dynamic universal triaxial and torsional shear apparatus developed by Dalian University of Technology in China was employed to perform different types of tests on saturated soft marine clay in the Yangtze estuary. Undisturbed samples were subjected to undrained cyclic vertical and torsional coupling shear and cyclic torsional shear after three-directional anisotropic consolidation with different initial consolidation parameters. The effects of initial orientation angle of major principal stress, initial ratio of deviatoric stress, initial coefficient of intermediate principal stress and stress mode of cyclic shear on the critical cyclic stress ratio were investigated. It is found that the critical cyclic stress ratio decreases significantly with increasing initial orientation angle of major principal stress and initial ratio of deviatoric stress. Compared with the effects of the initial orientation angle of major principal stress and initial ratio of deviatoric stress, the effect of initial coefficient of intermediate principal stress is less evident. Under the same consolidation condition, the critical cyclic stress ratio from the cyclic coupling shear test is lower than that from the cyclic torsional shear test, indicating that the stress mode of cyclic shear has an obvious effect on the critical cyclic stress ratio. The main reason is that the continuous rotation in principal stress directions during cyclic coupling shear damages the original structure of soil more than the cyclic torsional shear does.     

等电点时氨基酸的存在形式及溶解度的讨论

从微观角度探讨了为什么等电点时氨基酸主要以两性离子形式存在 ,并首次解释了等电点时氨基酸溶解度最低的原因     

Intensifi cation Mechanism and Processes

<正>After six years of fruitful research with Prof.Dr.-Ing.Kai Sundmacher at the Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems(MPI Magdeburg),Dr.QI Zhiwen joined the State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering at the East China University of Science and Technology(ECUST Shanghai)in 2008.Motivated by their common research interests in the fi eld of process intensifi cation,the Partner Group between MPI Magdeburg and ECUST Shanghai was established in December 2009.     

氨基取代脂肪族一元酸的电子结构与化学反应性的讨论

引导和构建结构决定性质的教学思想,理解结构与化学反应性能的关系.通过氨基取代直链型脂肪族羧酸化合物的空间构象和电子结构分析,在α-氨基癸酸中,(1)-αC-C键自由旋转能垒8.425 1kcal/mol,-αC-N键自由旋转能垒14.042 3kcal/mol,高能构象时分子极性较大,为化学反应活性构象;(2)碳原子电荷密度受到氨基的影响,随着氨基取代位置n增加,-αC、-βC、-γC等碳原子负电荷密度减少;(3)氨基酸的体系能E随氨基与羧基有位置n的关系具有E=-594.804-0.005ln(n)(2≤n≤10),给予阐述.