论科学教师的在职培养与进修

本文结合国内外的研究成果,从培养思想、培养系列与层次、课程结构、课程模式、培养方式等五个方面论述培养科学教师的方法与策略,并对未来的发展和走向作了一些前瞻性的思考。     

海口港及其附近海区的生态环境分析和污染现状评价

研究了海口港的自然条件和海洋生物资源,对其水体、底质和生物的污染现状作出评价,提出了改善生态环境质量和减轻污染的措施和建议。     

The impact of PISA and the interrelation and development of assessment policy and assessment theory in Japan

PISA presents a new image for academic achievement, which has prompted Japanese education reforms over the past decade to innovate teaching and learning for ‘PISA-style literacy’. Supported by theoretical foundations, particularly with regard to the concept of ‘PISA literacy’ and ‘authentic assessment’, these reforms have accomplished progress in the focus on higher order competencies, such as application and the development of new assessment strategies. However, more recently, various critical discussions of ‘PISA literacy’ are underway in the Japanese academy. They interrogate it more critically and reveal the narrow emphasis on functional application and technical operation. Current assessment practices, which tend to fall into ‘criteria compliance’, are in urgent need of review. There is a need to extend the critical discussions in progress to the new assessment strategies. This paper responds to this, by considering the Japanese acceptance of ‘PISA literacy’ and its assessment, discussing the features and limitations.     

浅谈中学科学课程中的活动内涵

中学科学课程中重学科课程轻活动课程的现象严重,致使科学课程成为死记硬背的代名词。深入理解科学课程中的活动内涵,加强并活跃学生的实践性活动,是科学教育的必经之路。     

The emergence and institutional co-determination of sustainability as a teaching topic in interdisciplinary science teacher education

This paper takes an institutional perspective on the topic of sustainability in order to analyse how this ‘idea’ enters science teacher education through an interdisciplinary approach. It shows how the development and implementation of a course for Danish pre-service teachers was conditioned and constrained by a complex web of interactions in and among the teaching disciplines of biology, geography and physics/chemistry and among the institutions of school, teacher college and university. The data collected are used to identify influences among the disciplines as well as disciplinary differences, conceptualised through a new reference model that separates the analysis from the usual sustainability dimensions. The findings reveal how sustainability as a teaching topic can be a unifying idea in an interdisciplinary setting. Disciplinary differences evidently impact course planning and implementation significantly, but not exclusively. By elaborating on the interactions between these circumstances, the paper provides insight into the processes of developing interdisciplinary teacher education.     

对洛克在自然科学基础上构铸的认识论重新定位--对洛克认识论及自然科学基础的研究之一

真正使培根的经验论哲学成为系统的经验论体系,对18世纪法国启蒙学者、唯物论哲学家、企图走中间路线的体谟、康德及现代西方各个经验哲学流派产生影响的杰出哲学家是洛克。国内外学者对洛克哲学与自然科学之间的关系认识是不够的。人们往往认为,洛克的主要贡献和历史影响是在政治理论、经济学和教育学等社会科学方面,许多有关洛克认识论的文章或者完全忽视了二者的关系,或对此仅予以轻描淡写,这样就可能片面理解他的认识论。或者忽视他的认识论中重视理性一面,得出洛克贬低或忽视理性在认识中的作用;或者把他看成二元论者。洛克的哲学贡献不仅是英国革命的产物也是英国自然科学的产物.他对天赋观念的批判使经验论的基础更加稳固、对新科学运动起了有益的促进作用。     

“理想实验”与物理教育

“理想实验”对物理学的形成和发展，对物理理论的补充和完善起着重要的作用，它又是物理教育的重要组成，物理教育中引入“理想实验”，对培养学生的想象力、创新思维能力、科学抽象能力都具有重要的作用。     

农业生态安全的概念和研究方法初探

农业生态系统是一个自然—社会经济复合生态系统。农业生态系统是否安全运行和有序调控与人类、社会、经济、环境密切相关。近十年来,伴随着人类对食物安全和自身健康的关切,国际上对农业生态安全问题的研究更加广泛和深入,并成为农业生态学研究的重要领域之一。本文阐述了农业生态安全理论的形成和发展,分析了农业生态安全评价的基本原则和评价内容,并在此基础上探讨了统计学模型、生态承载力方法和生态模型法等生态安全的评价方法。     

生命科学创新实验教学体系的构建与实践

该文通过对实验教学体系、内容、方法和教学质量保障体系等的改革,构建了生命科学创新实验教学体系。实践证明,该体系对培养学生知识、能力和素质全面协调发展起到较好的作用。     

论科技期刊编辑的时效意识

发文周期过长是目前我国科技期刊界一个普遍存在的问题,增强编辑的时效意识是解决此问题的有效途径。科技期刊编辑的时效意识是时间意识和效率意识的有机统一,二者相辅相成,忽视任一方面都不会取得最佳效果。在工作过程中,编辑主体不但要牢固树立时效意识,而且还要注意克服短时效意识及长时效意识带来的不利影响。