《中国水稻科学》769篇退稿的追踪调查与思考

为了自查编辑的退稿失误率,提高编辑初审退稿的准确率,兼顾编辑工作效率和期刊质量,调查了《中国水稻科学》2010—2014年间的769篇退稿在他刊的发表情况。截至2017年5月,235篇未发表,534篇退稿在125种刊物上发表,其中92篇退稿发表在影响因子高于1.0的期刊。17篇退稿出现一稿两刊。在刊出的534篇文章中,134篇被引频次为0,102篇被引频次为1,181篇被引频次为2~5,被引频次在10以上的仅有65篇。笔者认为,通过提高编辑的学术素养,增进对专业研究领域的把握,可以减少稿件误判率,做到精准退稿,同时,编辑应掌握沟通技巧,培养亲和力,保证期刊的可持续发展。     

运用数据库定量分析遴选英文科技期刊编委

编委会对科技期刊的发展起着至关重要的作用。组建一支优质而高效的编委会队伍可以为打造优秀科技期刊奠定坚实的基础。本文以《仿生工程学报》编委会换届筹备为例,借鉴国外同领域竞争期刊的编委会构成特点,探讨适合我国英文科技期刊的编委遴选的新方法。实践表明,灵活运用Web of Science、Scopus等网络文献数据库,不仅可以对备选编委的学术影响力、学术活跃度等进行定量评估,还可以挖掘有潜力的新编委。备选编委定量评价体系的建立能够为编委会换届改选提供重要的理论依据。     

论媒体融合趋势下科技期刊编辑的素养

媒体融合发展已成为期刊出版必然趋势,媒体融合时代我国科技期刊的繁荣发展和国际竞争关键取决于编辑的素养。系统阐述媒体融合发展趋势下科技期刊编辑应当具有的素养,包括科学素养、业务素养、全媒体素养以及人文、信息素养等,努力做不忘初心的学者、精益求精的工匠、与时俱进的潮人以及博学多才的杂家,确保由媒体融合平台推送科技成果信息的科学性、规范性、适应性和实用性;科技期刊编辑应树立终生学习实践的信念,并通过积极交流、融入科研、善于总结等提升素养,充分利用现代技术,不断促进科技成果更快更有效地传播以及服务好创新驱动发展战略。     

Health science libraries in Sweden: new directions,expanding roles

Librarians in Sweden are facing huge challenges in meeting the demands of their organisations and users. This article looks at four key areas: coping with open science/open access initiatives; increasing demands from researchers for support doing systematic reviews; understanding user experiences in Swedish health science libraries; and the consequences of expanding roles for recruitment and continuing professional development. With regard to changing roles, there is an increasing shift from the generalist towards the expert role. The authors raise the issue as to how to prepare those new to the profession to the changing environment of health science libraries.     

The IR Has Two Faces: Positioning Institutional Repositories for Success

This article describes the ongoing efforts at University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) Libraries to evolve the role of the institutional repository (IR) and to effectively position it within the context of the Libraries’ collections, research support, and scholarly communication services. A major component of this process is re-examining the fundamental aims of the IR and aligning it to the Libraries and the campus strategic goals. The authors situate UNLV Libraries’ experience within the context of the current literature to provide background and reasoning for our decision to pursue two, at times conflicting, aims for the IR: one for scholarly communication and another for research administration.     

Technological research in the EU is less efficient than the world average. EU research policy risks Europeans’ future

We have studied the efficiency of research in the EU by a percentile-based citation approach that analyzes the distribution of country papers among the world papers. Going up in the citation scale, the frequency of papers from efficient countries increases while the frequency from inefficient countries decreases. In the percentile-based approach, this trend, which is uniform at any citation level, is measured by the e_p index that equals the P_{top 1%}/P_{top 10%} ratio. By using the e_p index we demonstrate that EU research on fast-evolving technological topics is less efficient than the world average and that the EU is far from being able to compete with the most advanced countries. The e_p index also shows that the USA is well ahead of the EU in both fast- and slow-evolving technologies, which suggests that the advantage of the USA over the EU in innovation is due to low research efficiency in the EU. In accord with some previous studies, our results show that the European Commission’s ongoing claims about the excellence of EU research are based on a wrong diagnosis. The EU must focus its research policy on the improvement of its inefficient research. Otherwise, the future of Europeans is at risk.     

科学过程技能的性别差异

本研究运用表现性评价方式评价科学过程技能,结果发现男女学生的总体科学过程技能不存在差异,但除找出变量之外,其他各过程技能均存在差异。最后,针对这种性别差异讨论了相应的教学和评价建议。     

科学发展观与生态文明建设

生态危机的发生呼唤着生态文明建设,生态危机产生的深刻原因正是两个极端的发展观所导致,一是宿命观导致的非发展的发展观,另一个是极端利己主义支配的"反发展的发展观"。生态文明建设必须有科学发展观的指导,首先是要在其指导下安排科学合理的制度体系。     

欧盟贯通科学仪器创新价值链的项目资助模式研究及启示

科学仪器是科学研究不可或缺的工具,是推进高水平自立自强的重要基石和保障。重大科技基础设施研发建设催生诸多具有产业应用前景的科学仪器及相关技术,但转移转化尚任重道远。欧盟基于“开放科学、开放创新与向世界开放”理念设立ATTRACT项目,尝试加速推进重大科技基础设施探测和成像相关的实验技术产品化与市场化,构建基于科学仪器创新价值链的创新生态系统。文章围绕国内科学仪器项目组织现状与管理特点,深入剖析ATTRACT项目的组织管理模式,以期为我国加速重大科技基础设施先进技术转化,优化科学仪器创新资源配置,突破高端科学仪器研发与转化瓶颈提供支撑和参考。     

科技成果转移转化人员收益分配模式的实践与探索——以对中国科学院15家院属单位调研为基础

科技成果转移转化（以下简称“转移转化”）作为实现科技向生产力和经济发展转变的关键,是提升科技创新体系运转效能、发展新质生产力的重要一环。目前,我国促进转移转化的政策内容不断充实、覆盖范围愈加全面,但产学研用衔接难、技术转化比例与效率双低、知识产权运营及转移转化服务专业度不够等直接影响转移转化的难题,仍未得到很好解决。一个重要原因是转移转化人员的收益分配模式不能有效匹配相关人员的工作属性和贡献,从而导致未能充分发挥转移转化人员的专业积极性。本研究从分析现有收益分配模式的问题入手,调研了15家中国科学院院属单位转移转化收益分配情况,对比国外成功案例与中国科学院案例收益分配模式的异同,分析造成收益分配模式不合理的学术和实践原因,提出工作建议,为转移转化工作的提质增效提供新思路。