流动人口聚居区形成机制与治理对策探讨

近几年来随着我国流动人口规模扩大,许多流动人口集中的大城市自发地形成了聚居现象。流动人口聚居区不论是从物质形态还是聚居区内的社会秩序来看,都与其所在城市具有较大的差异,对城市正常的生产生活构成一定的冲击。治理流动人口聚居区关键要转变治理模式,促进流动人口与城市和谐共处。协调全国不同区域的经济发展,改变目前流动人口向少数大城市过度聚集的状况,是解决流动聚居区各种问题的长远之策。     

美国乡村社区学院的发展战略

美国乡村社区学院数量占美国社区学院一半以上.虽然经济文化背景对办学不利,但它们在美国乡村社会发展中发挥了重要作用.这一方面是由于它们得到了政府和社会各界的信赖及其在政策和资金上的扶持;另一方面是由于它们自身卓越的自主创业,其精神和能力表现在学院战略目标的制定、目标落实的策略选择、发展部门的组织建设及具体项目开发的精心策划等方面.     

以实施终身教育为目标创办南开社区学院

创办社区学院、发展社区教育是构建我国终身教育体系、建设学习化社会的需要.从这一目标出发,社区学院要办成以高等职业教育为重点、积极发展各类非学历教育培训、多功能、综合性的高等教育实体.南开社区学院要充分发挥区位优势,办出南开特色,塑造南开品牌.     

我国城市社区卫生服务发展中的问题及对策分析

文章从社会学的角度,结合医疗卫生学,对社区卫生进行了界定。提出了在社区卫生工作发展中存在的主要问题:社区基础薄弱、居民参与不足、社区卫生机构要承担的社会职能与本身的资源不符、在市场竞争中处于劣势等。提出包括加强社区基础、加强政府的领导、兼顾市场机制与社会机制等解决对策。     

试论社会转型期中国城市社区建设思路

20世纪90年代以来,社区建设成为中国城市发展过程中的一个建设主题。社会的转型为中国城市社区建设提出了一系列新的任务。如何面对社区居民社会角色的转变,城市中的贫困问题,新兴的社区社会工作者的影响以及城市化的快速发展成为人们迫切需要解决的问题。为当代城市社区建设找到清晰的定位,合理的发展模式,理顺其应注意的诸多关系,是解决问题的关键。     

二级微商法准确测定酸的含量

利用二级微商法对醋酸、草酸、柠檬酸等3种样品含量进行了测定,对此分析结果表明,该方法是一种理想的、快速简便的、准确度高的电位滴定方法.     

For-profit post-secondary education and civic engagement

Theorists such as Gumport (2000) suggest thatdifferent conceptions of higher education mayhave important consequences for students andsociety. We explore this possibility byconsidering a specific research question: Dostudents who attend for-profit post-secondaryschools show lower levels of civic engagementthan students who attend non-profit communitycolleges, either at the beginning of theirstudy or two years later? Using longitudinal data from the U.S. NationalCenter for Education Statistics (NCES)National Post-secondary Student Aid Survey(NPSAS90) and Beginning Post-secondary Survey(BPS), we test the hypothesis that students whoattend for-profit, post-secondary vocationalschools will show lower levels of civicengagement on several measures than similarstudents in community colleges. Studentsattending the two types of schools are alike intheir levels of civic engagement at thebeginning of their post-secondary education,but different four years later. We considerwhether observed differences in civic behaviorare due to variations in who attends thedifferent types of schools or to identifiableexperiences students may have in theirprograms, such as interactions with faculty orother students. The effect of proprietary school attendance onseven out of the ten different types of civicengagement measured here appears to be direct,rather than being mediated by measurableeducational experiences. We reflect further onprocesses that might explain the differencesand consider the policy implications of thesefindings for educational decision-makers.     

美国社区学院的发展历程及其职能变迁

作为高等教育的伟大创举,美国社区学院虽然只有100多年的发展历史,但无论在提供平等的受教育机会方面,还是在经济文化发展方面都做出了突出的贡献。本文主要对美国社区学院的发展历程进行了详细梳理,将其界定为高中扩张、初级学院、社区学院和综合发展四个时期,并同时对每一时期内社区学院的职能进行了分析,以期对我国高等教育尤其是高等职业专科教育的发展提供借鉴。     

Extending the Possibilities of Multicultural Community Partnerships in Urban Public Schools

To combat the sociocultural tensions that the city of Changeton is facing, an effort is being made by the school district to create a systemwide multicultural education program. A volunteer group has been established to shape what it hopes will provide a foundation for working toward mitigating the cultural strife that plagues the schools and community. Through a 3-year qualitative study, this research has documented the developments in the committee's work. The specific area addressed here is the group's efforts to create a partnership between the school and the community. This article provides practical ideas to urban educators interested in such an endeavor and shows that the critical problem is that parental involvement is often not recognized as being determined within specific and unequal relations of power—that attempts at school/community partnerships are often based on white, middle-class assumptions about parents' outlooks, language, resources, and time available for schoolwork. The focus and intent here are to acknowledge that it is crucial to recognize the multiplicity of groups and issues that are present in every town and city. Without being open to all differences of opinion andperspective, the idea of community involvement and public deliberation is fruitless.     

Training program in child abuse for community health workers

A wide range of health workers in the community provide care for families that abuse or have a potential for abusing their children. Frequently these workers are unable to work effectively because of difficulty dealing with feelings aroused by contact with such families.An experimental child abuse training program for community health workers was designed by a pediatrician, a social worker, a public health nurse and two child psychiatrists. This program included a six-month study group which met weekly to focus on feelings and conflcts aroused during the course of work with abusing or potentially abusing families.Through analysis of the group experience, the leaders identified eleven sets of feelings or conflicts which seemed to interfere consistently with effective delivery of care: 1)anxieties about a) being physically harmed by angry parents and b) about the effects of a decision; 2) denial and inhibition of anger; 3) need for emotional gratification from clients; 4) lack of professional support; 5) feelings of incompetence; 6) denial and projection of responsbility; 7) feeling total responsibility for assigned families; 8) difficulty separating personal from professional responsibility; 9) feelings of being a victim; 10) ambivalent feelings a) toward clients and b) about one's professional role; 11) need to be in control.This type of group experience seems to be an effective method for exploration and resolution of feelings and conflicts.