科研领域重点研究方向判别方法研究

[目的/意义] 判别重点研究方向对科研管理和科技政策的制定有着重要参考价值,已有的定量方法多是根据创新性、新颖性以及增长性等特征属性设计指标进行识别、推荐,本研究进一步利用研究方向间的关联关系,从网络拓扑结构和特征属性两个维度判别重点研究方向。[方法/过程] 在构建领域文献引用网络的基础上,利用大规模网络聚类算法识别研究方向,并构建研究方向关联网络,利用网络重要节点识别算法从网络拓扑结构的角度判别重点研究方向,同时结合新颖性、增长性和H指数三个特征属性指标,构建了重点研究方向遴选指标体系。[结果/结论] 对纳米科技领域进行实证分析,经专家判读,认为加权PageRank、Gefura以及增长性指标更加具有客观性、全面性和稳定性,通过综合运用三个指标遴选出208个纳米科技领域的重点研究方向。     

日藏孤本明《清湖琴谱》述略

日本国立国会图书馆藏明代《清湖琴谱》一部,为嘉靖四十三年(1564年)重刻本,目前仅见。经考证《清湖琴谱》体例及所录琴曲、指法等均与明黄献《梧冈琴谱》类似,校订者惠寀为浙人,可见该琴谱当为浙派琴谱之一种。此外《清湖琴谱》对琴曲作者多有发覆,也为研究浙派琴人、琴曲提供了宝贵的新材料。     

Strength in Numbers: Encouraging Every Staff Member to Work to Capacity

Libraries play a critical role in enhancing the learning landscape of the schools they support. In order for any library to become a powerhouse and a community meeting place, all library team members need to align with the library's vision, own it and begin to add their own strengths and talents purposefully. This article explores practical strategies for developing a visionary team, including supportive leadership, daily stand-up meetings, weekly staff meetings, special-focus teams, rostering and the “five conversations” approach. These effective strategies can be implemented across a broad range of library workforce contexts in order to ensure the most effective workforce teams are built.     

Evaluation of Internet Information Sources by High School Students in Ghana

The Internet clearly presents the opportunity for students to expand their knowledge at a fast pace, since they are able to access enormous amount of information. However, accessing the Internet also has its downside since not all information is of good quality. The study explored how 12th grade students at a high school in Ghana evaluated online information sources. These students and the head of the Information Communication Technology department respond to self-administered questionnaires and a semi-structured interview, respectively. The study found that most of the high school students did some kind of an evaluation of online information sources, however, they were not applying the right criteria. The study further revealed that students were not introduced to evaluation criteria at school and this had contributed to the gap in their evaluation competencies.     

Four pitfalls in normalizing citation indicators: An investigation of ESI’s selection of highly cited papers

InCites Essential Science Indicators is becoming increasingly used to identify top-performing research and evaluate the impact of institutes. Unfortunately, our study shows that ESI indicators, as well as other normalized citation indicators, have the following flaws. First, the publication month and the online-to-print delay affect a paper’s probability of becoming a Highly Cited Paper (HCP). Papers published in the earlier months of the year are more likely to accumulate enough citation counts to rank at the top 1% compared with those published in later months of the year. Papers with longer online-to-print delays have an apparent advantage for being selected as HCPs. Research field normalizations lead to the third pitfall. Different research fields have different citation thresholds for HCPs, making research field classification important for a journal. In addition, the uniform thresholds for both articles and reviews in ESI affect the reliability of HCP selection because, on average, reviews tend to have higher citation rates than articles. ESI’s selection of HCPs provides an intuitive feel for the problems of normalized citation impact indicators, such as those provided in InCites and SciVal.     

软件高职C语言程序设计教学方法探索

本文在分析软件高职C语言程序设计课程教学现状和存在问题的基础上,综合考虑该课程教学目标、教学内容特点、学生实际情况、教师自身素质和教学环境条件,选择适当的教学方法并进行组合运用,有助于增强教学的趣味性,激励学生积极主动地学习,加强实践技能训练,提高课程的教学效果。     

俄罗斯科技英才选拔模式研究:形成、实践与特色——以莫斯科大学专业教学科研中心为例

英才是创新人才中最具创新能力的群体.科学有效的英才选拔是实施英才教育与提升我国自主创新能力的前提.尽管我国在创新人才选拔方面已有长期探索,但这一群体的选拔和培养仍有待完善.俄罗斯是世界上建立英才教育体系的先驱之一,其顶尖高校对创新人才的选拔以附属于高校的专业教学科研中心为基础.专业教学科研中心在半个多世纪的英才选拔实践...     

科技基础条件平台的组织管理机构探讨

国家科技基础条件平台已逐渐由以资源整合建设为主的“边建设、边服务”阶段,转向以运行服务为主的 “边服务、边建设”阶段。如何全面理解运行服务阶段的平台组织管理,建成什么样的组织管理机构才能更好地促进平 台资源的共享和利用,是当前急需思考和解决的问题。在全面剖析高效运行的组织管理机构在平台运行服务中重要意 义的基础上,结合调研和实践对与运行服务相适应的科技基础条件平台组织管理机构组成与职责进行分析,并以地球 系统科学数据共享平台为例,分析组织管理机构在平台运行服务整体链条中的角色和作用。     

推进开放科学发展的注册式研究报告及其价值研究

[目的/意义] 开放科学环境对科学研究的透明性、严谨性和开放性提出了更高要求。在此背景下,旨在有效满足这种要求的新兴出版物注册式研究报告应运而生,进一步推动了开放科学的发展与演进。本文拟全面介绍注册式研究报告的产生背景与发展历程,试图窥见其在推进开放科学发展进程中的主要功能和核心价值。[方法/过程] 综合运用网络调研法和内容分析法,从注册式研究报告的产生背景、发展现状、内容构成、出版流程、主要功能及核心价值等方面系统梳理该新兴出版物的基本概况。[结果/结论] 注册式研究报告的突出特点主要体现在：①内容构成方面,注册式研究报告既包含最终研究成果又包含详细的研究计划;②出版流程方面,多数注册式研究报告分为两个阶段出版。这种新兴出版物有利于减少发表偏倚的发生,规范并革新传统出版流程,进而提高研究成果的透明性、可靠性及严谨性。     

新时期对图书馆学研究方法的创新探索——学科外延与内涵深入的整合研究法

随着科学技术的发展,网络环境的变化,传统的图书馆学理论思想已经不适应当今的图书馆发展模式,原有的研究方法也不适用于新形势下的图书馆学研究。因此,图书馆学的研究方法必须突破传统的束缚,将图书馆学理论外延化和内涵深入性两方面进行有机整合研究,将是未来图书馆学理论研究的发展导向,这样才能更好地推动图书馆学的理论观点不断发展创新。