Analyzing the Interdependence Between Some Certain Gene Loci by Epistasis Measures in Fitness Landscapes of Schemata

GA-hardness and interdependence between genes in the chromosome are important questions in the study of genetic algorithms (GA) ,Traditional methods,which are used to measure the interaction between genes,can only reflect the extent of epistasis between all genes in the chromosome, Therefore,the definition of the fitness landscape of schemata is proosed in this paper,and epistasis measures on this landscape of schemata are used to analyze the degree of interdependence between some certain gene loci in study ,Some information between these sites can be reflected by some characters of the fitness landscape of schemata which are composed of these fixed sites,The stronger the interaction between these sites,the larger the variation of the fitness of schemata whose fixed sites correspond to those sites in study ,and the more rugged the fitness landscape of these schemata,According to the degree of interaction between given gene loci ,building blocks of GA can be analyzed and determined,and further genetic operators and the structure of GA can be designed and adjusted to improve the perfomance of GA ,At last,a lot of experiments including NK-models are done,and results of empirical analysis show that this method is effective.     

爱玉果实和种子的生物学特性

爱玉是一种榕属攀援灌木，雌雄异株，其雌隐头花序中有5000－6000朵雌花，依赖薜荔榕小蜂钻入花序授粉，自然状态下结实率达83．50％，人工授粉则高达97．02％，果实成熟后果皮胶质化内具1个种子，种子纺锤形较小，最成熟种子平均千粒重为8298mg，萌发率为92．20％，不同植株间种子千粒重有较大差异，种子萌发率与成熟度成正比。该实验为爱玉人工栽培及育种提供基本资料和数据。     

早播下提高超甜玉米田间出苗率的研究

试验以3个代表性的超甜玉米品种为试材，设计了7种种子处理方法，采用随机区组设计，研究在早播气温较低的条件下，种子处理对提高超甜玉米种子的田间出苗率、成苗率的影响。结果表明，在温度较低的早春播种，种子处理方法对提高甜玉米种子的田间出苗率、成苗率效果显著，最高可提高田间出苗35．2％；以噻酮、丙酮、氮酮的处理效果最好。本研究中的种子处理方法，与以往的方法比较，具有安全无毒、操作简便的优点，可以更好地指导甜玉米生产。     

莱菔子提取物镇咳祛痰平喘作用研究

目的:研究不同溶媒的莱菔子提取物在镇咳、祛痰、平喘方面的药理作用.方法:分别采用浓氨水喷雾法、毛细玻管法和喷雾致喘法制作小鼠、大鼠、豚鼠动物模型,研究莱菔子提取物的镇咳、祛痰、平喘作用.结果:炒莱菔子醚提取物大剂量组（2.38g/kg） 和生莱菔子醇提取物大剂量组（0.414g/kg）具有非常显著的镇咳作用（P<0.01）,后者同时具有显著的祛痰作用（P<0.05）.结论:炒莱菔子醚提取物和生莱菔子醇提取物大剂量组具有较强的镇咳、祛痰作用.     

含激愤于婀娜之中 寄妙理于旷达之外———析《蝶恋花》探索苏轼谪惠前后的心路历程

苏轼《蝶恋花》词约创作于贬惠的绍圣二年(1095) 秋。词中以“香草美人”寄寓了词人贬惠前后的感怀与识见, 含激愤于婀娜之中, 寄妙理于旷达之外。集情趣、谐趣、理趣于一炉。谐中寓庄, 似婉实豪、刚柔相济。     

人同此心，心同此理——中外译家对诗歌翻译中“seed”的诠释

Bassnett提出了诗歌翻译中“Transplandng the seed”这一概念，但她并未对“seed”下一个明确的定义。文章从Bassnett、Newmark、Bamstone、林语堂、翁显良、许渊冲、刘重德等中外译家的相关论述着手，分析诗歌翻译该翻译什么、侧重点又是什么等问题。虽然“诗无达诂，译无定法”，但中外译家的认识却颇具共同之处：译诗首先保留的是诗之内容，是“精神”、“神韵”或“意境”，其次才是形式。完全的形似是不可能的，应保留原诗的节奏感和音乐美。     

浙西山区杂交水稻春季制种的气候条件及技术要点

阐述了浙西山区杂交水稻春制的有利气候条件和不利气候对春制的影响,提出了针对性技术措施,主要是中熟组合春制父本塑料大棚统一育秧,确定适宜的父母本播差及播期,及时预测和调节花期,加强肥水管理等。     

对杂交水稻制种中喷施“九二0”技术的再认识

阐明了要创造父母本最好的授粉态势,必须要根据父母本特性、禾苗长相、花期情况,以及天气因素,选择最理想的喷施时期、剂量和方法,喷施好‘“九二0”。     

甘薯种子不同成熟度与有机物积累的关系研究

通过甘薯不同成熟度的种子中主要有机物总糖、粗脂肪和蛋白质含量的测定，得知随着种子成熟度增加，主要有机物含量增加，种子重量增加．     

Adsorption of methylene blue onto activated carbon produced from tea (Camellia sinensis L.) seed shells: kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics studies

Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) seed shells, the main byproduct of the manufacture of tea seed oil, were used as precursors for the preparation of tea activated carbon (TAC) in the present study. A high yield (44.1%) of TAC was obtained from tea seed shells via a one-step chemical method using ZnCl₂ as an agent. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and the total pore volumes of the obtained TAC were found to be 1 530.67 mg²/g and 0.782 6 cm³/g, respectively. The equilibrium adsorption results were complied with Langmuir isotherm model and its maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was 324.7 mg/g for methylene blue. Adsorption kinetics studies indicated that the pseudo-second-order model yielded the best fit for the kinetic data. An intraparticle diffusion model suggested that the intraparticle diffusion was not the only rate-controlling step. Thermodynamics studies revealed the spontaneous and exothermic nature of the sorption process. These results indicate that tea seed shells could be utilized as a renewable resource to develop activated carbon which is a potential adsorbent for methylene blue.