西方经济学分析范式的演变

从18世纪古典经济学产生以来,经济学家就形成了把"自私人"作为人类经济行为的范式.随着经济实践的发展,古典主义的分析范式在不断得到修正,并推动整个经济学体系的发展和演变.     

从现象学范式看"电视选秀"文化

作为一种新兴的文化潮流,愈演愈烈的"电视选秀"反映出人们在认识论、方法论上从逻辑学范式到现象学范式的变化."选秀"活动的特质、功能模式和深层影响可以从新时期的文化转型中得到理性阐释和具体印证.     

论比较教育的相对主义研究范式--兼谈霍姆斯的比较教育方法论

相对主义研究范式的产生及其应用,丰富了比较教育学的理论体系.相对主义研究范式在一定程度上有自己的进步性和合理之处,但也存在明显的方法论上的缺陷和不足.本文在论述比较教育学的相对主义研究范式基础上,简要探讨了霍姆斯的比较教育研究方法论.     

Taking an inclusive turn

This special edition of the journal focuses on what is, arguably, the biggest challenge facing education systems, that of developing practices that will reach out to those learners who are failed by existing arrangements. Specifically, the papers look at ways of using the views of stakeholders in order to move schools and other centres of learning in a more inclusive direction.
My own contribution is to provide an overall context for the ideas presented by the authors. I do this by first reflecting on what inclusion in education means and then outlining my own thoughts on what research suggests about strategies for moving thinking and practice forward. This leads me to stress the importance of evidence as a 'lever for change' ( Ainscow, 2005 , p. 111).     

教育管理决策的适应思维范式

科学认识和价值认识发展轨迹的融合产生了当代教育管理决策的适应思维范式。在这种思维范式下 ,我们应该主动把握教育决策事件发展的统计因果关系 ;充分考虑到教育决策事件的经济价值、社会政治价值、科学价值、审美价值。在决策主体、决策方法和决策对象上应把握适度分权、非线性和自主性等全新特征。惟有如此 ,才能适应当前教育环境和教育教学改革需要     

双语词汇通达：理论、范式及其研究进展

从双语词汇通达的理论假设、研究范式、实验研究等方面介绍了当前双语词汇通达的研究现状与进展。指出了目前双语词汇通达研究面临的一些问题以及未来的研究方向,认为未来的研究一方面要运用多种研究范式探讨双语词汇通达的机制,另一方面要探讨双语词汇通达的机制是否因为双语类型的不同而不同。     

全球化与文化研究范式的转换

全球化作为当代人类生活的发展趋势,不仅影响着世界政治经济的发展,也影响着人类文化的发展。全球化时代人类文化发展呈现出以往所不具有的新特征和新趋势,也使传统的文化研究的弊端暴露无疑。全球化对传统文化研究中民族国家中心论的理论范式提出挑战,这要求我们开放研究视野,转换理论范式。     

人本主义课程范式及其超越探析

在科学主义课程范式的合理性面临挑战时人本主义课程范式应运而生。人本主义课程范式突出了人在课程中的应有之义,它对于释放人的主体性,促进其全面发展,乃至建构一个合理化的社会体制都有极大的帮助。然而,人本主义课程范式也存在瑕疵:过于重视个人和自我人本主义课程观从人性的角度出发追求自我的完善,从人本主义课程范式我们不难看出现代课程论的进步与局限。后现代课程研究正是对现代课程论研究的反省和超越产生的。笔者仅通过对生态主义课程范式探讨来揭示生态主义课程范式对人本主义课程范式的超越。     

Compatibility and Complementarity of Classroom Ecology and Didactique Research Perspectives in Physical Education

ABSTRACT

A large diversity of theoretical frameworks exists in the physical education literature. This article focuses on two of those frameworks to examine their compatibility and their complementarity. The classroom ecology paradigm concentrates on the balance between three task systems, two vectors, and programs of actions proposed by the physical education teacher and negotiated by students. The didactique research program studies the teaching and learning processes using the concepts of didactic contract and didactic milieu that focus on how the knowledge content emerges within teacher and students’ joint action. The article underlines the complementarity and the compatibility of the two frameworks when analyzing teaching and learning in physical education. It argues that the gray areas left by the classroom ecology paradigm could be filled with the insights of the didactique research program. A concise example of how the two frameworks have already been utilized is presented.     

Models and Paradigms in Kuhn and Halloun

In Modeling Theory in Science Education, Halloun (2004) adopts the word ‘paradigm’, but his use of the term is radically different from that of Kuhn. In this paper, I explore some of the differences between Kuhn’s paradigms and Halloun’s paradigms. Where Kuhn’s paradigms are public, community-defining exemplars of practice, Halloun’s paradigms are private, individualized ways of thinking. Where Kuhn writes of the paradigm shift as a revolutionary, vision-altering conversion experience, Halloun writes of a gradual evolution from one way of thinking to another and an easy back-and-forth switch between paradigms. Since Kuhn’s paradigms are self-enclosed and incommensurable, there is no objective standard by which one paradigm can be shown to be superior to the other. But Halloun uses ‘viability’ as a standard for paradigm choice. Underlying all of this is the more basic question of whether the history of science is an appropriate metaphor for student progress in the classroom. I conclude with some brief thoughts on this question.