Using lexical chains for keyword extraction

Keywords can be considered as condensed versions of documents and short forms of their summaries. In this paper, the problem of automatic extraction of keywords from documents is treated as a supervised learning task. A lexical chain holds a set of semantically related words of a text and it can be said that a lexical chain represents the semantic content of a portion of the text. Although lexical chains have been extensively used in text summarization, their usage for keyword extraction problem has not been fully investigated. In this paper, a keyword extraction technique that uses lexical chains is described, and encouraging results are obtained.     

基于BERT嵌入BiLSTM-CRF模型的中文专业术语抽取研究

专业术语的识别与自动抽取对于提升专业信息检索精度,构建领域知识图谱发挥着重要基础性作用。为进一步提升中文专业术语识别的精确率和召回率,提出一种端到端的不依赖人工特征选择和领域知识,基于谷歌BERT预训练语言模型及中文预训练字嵌入向量,融合BiLSTM和CRF的中文专业术语抽取模型。以自建的1278条深度学习语料数据为实验对象,该模型对术语提取的F1值为92.96%,相对于传统的浅层机器学习模型(如左右熵与互信息算法、word2vec相似词算法等)和BiLSTM-CRF深度神经网络模型的性能有较为显著的提升。本文也给出了模型应用的具体流程,能够为中文专业术语库的构建提供实践指南。     

掠夺性科技期刊与科技期刊中掠夺性现象的特征研究

近年来,由于开放存取(OA)出版模式的兴起,掠夺性科技期刊的出现也引起国内外学者的关注。国内科技期刊中也存在着类似的管理和学术信誉差、商业利益至上的现象,并对正常的科研成果和出版资源形成了干扰和掠夺。本文将这些存在于国内外科技期刊中的掠夺现象一并回顾和总结,认为一方面国内科技期刊从业者,应重视和适应新兴OA期刊的发展趋势,另一方面相关科研管理部门也应逐步建立措施,完善掠夺性期刊预警制度。     

档案信息化管理的风险识别与安全管理策略研究

大数据网络化快速发展的今天,档案信息化安全管理所面临的风险更加复杂和严峻。迫切需要按照档案信息化全生命周期分阶段深入细致讨论其面临的风险并制定风险管理策略。为了确保档案信息的真实性、完整性、可靠性、可用性、可读性、保密性,实现档案信息化建设安全管理目标,应用核对表法、流程图法、目标偏离法,三种方法相结合的风险识别方法,对档案信息化生命周期的四个阶段的风险加以识别、分析,找出关键风险因素。档案信息化安全管理风险因素主要为人为(含制度)因素、管理因素、技术因素三方面。从四个阶段的三方面风险因素入手分析,综合构建风险策略框架,既兼顾共性风险,又各有侧重。风险策略由以下四个方面组成:理顺档案管理方和第三方权责关系,明确二者既是合作又是监督与被监督关系的管理策略;应用区块链技术解决档案信息化管理安全性的技术策略;强化监督管理使管理形成闭环的制度策略;探讨档案管理者职业敬畏心和过硬技能的人才策略。以上为档案信息化安全管理工作提供可行的参考。     

Extending WHIRL with background knowledge for improved text classification

Intelligent use of the many diverse forms of data available on the Internet requires new tools for managing and manipulating heterogeneous forms of information. This paper uses WHIRL, an extension of relational databases that can manipulate textual data using statistical similarity measures developed by the information retrieval community. We show that although WHIRL is designed for more general similarity-based reasoning tasks, it is competitive with mature systems designed explicitly for inductive classification. In particular, WHIRL is well suited for combining different sources of knowledge in the classification process. We show on a diverse set of tasks that the use of appropriate sets of unlabeled background knowledge often decreases error rates, particularly if the number of examples or the size of the strings in the training set is small. This is especially useful when labeling text is a labor-intensive job and when there is a large amount of information available about a particular problem on the World Wide Web.

两个加工时间恶化的半线性平行机排序问题的启发式MBLS 算法

The combination of online or semi-online with deterioration jobs has never been researched in scheduling problems. In this paper, two semi-online parallel machine scheduling problems with linear deterioration processing time are considered. In the first problem, it is assumed that the deterioration rates of jobs are known in an interval, that is, bj ∈[0, α], where 0 〈α≤ 1 and bj denotes the linear deterioration rate. In the second problem, it is assumed that the largest deterioration rate of jobs is known in advance, that is, b = max1≤j≤n {bj }. For each of the two problems, a heuristic MBLS algorithm is worked out and its worst-case ratio is analyzed. At the same time, the worst-case ratio of the list （LS） algorithm is investigated and it is proved that all the ratios are tight.     

新时期文学的发生——以《今天》杂志为中心

论文由分析《今天》如何想象"自我"为"悲剧英雄"、如何指认"世界"为"他者"入手,描述《今天》的文学立场与文学主张.在此基础上,把《今天》纳入"新时期"的文学格局之中,梳理《今天》作为"同人刊物"如何应对自身的规范化、秩序化,如何面对"伤痕文学"这一新时期"第一个重要成规",如何应对主流文学规范.以《今天》为中心,从这样的三重规范入手,深入新时期文学话语秩序的内部,尝试着还原"新时期文学"如何建构与发生.     

校园文化建设的实践与认识

文章以唐山学院为例,阐述了校园文化建设必须坚持先进文化的发展方向,必须坚持"以人为本"的基本理念,必须紧紧围绕教书育人的中心任务来开展,必须贯彻重在建设的方针,必须突出学校特色的观点。     

Phonological processing and emergent literacy in younger and older preschool children

Phonological awareness, phonological memory, and phonological access to lexical storage play important roles in acquiring literacy. We examined the convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity of these phonological processing abilities (PPA) in 389 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old children. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the validity of each PPA as separate from general cognitive ability and separate from each other. Multigroup structural equation modeling (SEM) with mean structure demonstrated that older preschoolers have better developed latent PPA than younger preschoolers but that the structure of PPA is equivalent. RAN was found uniquely associated with letter knowledge and text discrimination in younger preschoolers, and PA was found uniquely associated with word reading skills in older preschoolers. Finally, general cognitive ability was only indirectly associated with emergent literacy via PPA. These results highlight the importance of PPA in the early literacy development of English-speaking preschool children.     

论马克思自由是人的"类生命"本质的"自我实现"——马克思主义自由观新探之二

自由是人的内在本性和精神追求,人类的历史就是人的自由实现的历史.自由是每一个思想家不容回避的问题,一切体现时代精神的哲学都不能不对此做出自己的回答.然而,国内外理论界对马克思自由观的认识和理解上存在许多混乱和误区,文中立主在理论上予以澄清.在哲学观念上研究自由问题不等同于在政治、体制上研究自由问题,自由问题无禁区,自由与人不可分离,自由的问题就是人的问题,是人的类生命的实现与发展的问题.本文力求揭示马克思立足于人的解放发展,揭示自由与人的"类生命"本质之间的联系.真正解答了哲学史上关于自由问题的"斯芬克斯之谜"--人在本性上是自由的,自由是人的存在方式,自由是人的"类生命"的实现和发展.