The politics of school choice in two countries with large private‐dependent sectors (Spain and Chile): family strategies,collective action and lobbying

In many countries choice of school is an increasing concern for families and governments. In Spain and Chile, it is also associated with a long‐standing political cleavage on the regulation of large sectors of private‐dependent schools. This article analyses both the micro‐ and the macro‐politics of choice in these two countries, where low‐status 15‐year‐old students record a significant segregation. At the micro level, some evidence is provided that not only middle‐class skilful choosers but also the political representatives of private‐dependent schools manage to pursue their interests drawing on economic, social and cultural capital. At the macro level, evidence also shows that the lobbies defending private‐dependent schools can use and maintain these power resources. However, in some episodes collective action is an effective power resource for those who campaign in favour of a stricter regulation of these schools, but its influence is much difficult to maintain for longer periods.     

What is behind the decline in student achievement in Australia?

Australian school student achievement in reading and mathematical literacy has fallen in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) collection since 2000. This study finds that these declines were widespread in the student population, affecting both males and females. However, the decline in reading literacy occurred throughout much of the achievement distribution, while the decline in mathematical literacy was more pronounced at the top of the distribution (there were fewer high performing students in 2009 compared with 2003). Declines in both literacy domains were apparent across the entire distribution of schools, however, the falls in school performance were more apparent in private schools than in the government-run school systems in Australia. The declines were not associated with many other characteristics of schools, including many factors that might have been thought to be associated with school performance.     

我国公共体育场馆民营化经营模式的选择——基于典型体育场馆的分析

公共体育场馆作为体育产业链中的重要环节越来越凸显其重要的作用.借助访谈法和实地考察法,基于公共体育场馆的经营定位,多种模式的尝试及实现民营化的背景分析,并结合"经营城市理念",政府与民资双赢的合作博弈分析,得出"政府引导、民资营馆"是公共体育场馆民营化可选择的模式.     

几道定积分选择题的一种求解方法

借助于一个积分恒等式,给出了几道定积分选择题的一种求解方法．     

运用"认知转向"理论研究英语关系分句

语言学界越来越趋向于从心理学的角度来对语言过程进行阐释.这种转向被称为"认知转向".是语言学理论研究方式的一大转变.应用这一理论就英语关系分句这一语言符号在实际应用中的语义内涵进行分析,以期找出形容词性分句与副词性分句、并列分句之间的必然联系.表层结构为形容词性分句的句子,其深层结构的语义内涵可能是副词性分句或并列分句.也就是说,从语义内涵来看,这样的形容词性分句实质上是一种准副词性关系分句或接续性关系分句.     

语义场理论在大学英语词汇教学中的运用

语义学理论在英语教学中的作用举足轻重,尤其是语义场理论对词汇教学意义重大。众所周知,英语词汇在整个大学英语教学和四、六级考试中占据着基础位置。而笔者发现在传统的大学英语词汇教学中,教师是按照词汇在文章中的出现顺序即词汇表的顺序按部就班地进行音、形、义的讲解;学生则是索然无味地死记硬背式地博闻强识,如此这般,成效甚微。本文提出在上述传统教学模式的基础上运用语义场理论来丰富词汇教学。     

国外知识抽取系统研究

对知识抽取的概念和起源进行论述,介绍GATE、KIM、ArtEquAKT等国外典型的知识抽取系统,分析各个系统的整体架构、关键技术、抽取过程及应用领域,挖掘这些系统在知识抽取方面的核心理念和突出特点,并从学习机制、抽取算法等方面进行了比较分析,总结得出知识抽取系统的研究现状及发展趋势,为数字图书馆中的知识抽取工作提供借鉴.     

职业教育集团发展的动力机制研究

职业教育形成集团化办学模式归因于现代企业集团化经营模式及产业集群的理念,政府在其中也发挥了很大的推动力,在职教集团演化发展的过程中,自组织机制、专业化分工、竞合机制形成了不断推动其前进的动力.西安地区职教集团发展的战略选择将打破传统的职业教育办学模式,借鉴现代企业发展理念,侧重于管理机制立足于"利益共同点"、企业深度介入及政府有效引导.     

公共预算决策的显性偏好及其对自主创新能力建设的影响

政府有责任运用财政职能支持全社会的自主创新活动.但由于部分公共预算决策主体存在"显性偏好",现行公共选择机制难以自动实现自主创新的最优投入和创新导向型的资源配置.这将给自主创新能力建设带来效率损失,为此需改善相关机制和公共政策.     

后控制词表知识管理的内构及在Web系统中的应用

后控制是信息查询中提高检全率和检准率的关键技术.后控制词表是信息检索系统中的重要组成部分,通过大量的实例阐述了后控制词表的运行机理、知识管理、在Web系统中的应用等问题,对自然语言在各行业的使用提供了技术支持和理论规范.