从英汉对比角度看英语定语从句的翻译

对英汉复句组织特点和英语定语从句与汉语的形容性修饰成份的语序进行粗略的对比 ,分析了翻译英语定语从句中可能遇到的障碍并简要论述了其译法。由于英语定语从句在不同的语境中可表达不同的概念 ,起着不同的功用 ,译者常须根据句间句群间的逻辑语义关系与汉语规范重构汉语译文。     

汉语数字的模糊语义与翻译

数的基本功能是用于计算，但在民间语言和学作品中，数字常并不表示确切的数量概念，这是数字的模糊语义现象；这种模糊语义的数字具有比喻或夸张的修辞功能，我们根据语义等值和功能对等的理论，探讨汉语数字模糊语义的翻译原则和方法。     

论民国时期“政府主导、服务型”乡村改造模式——以民国江西农村服务为中心

1934年国民党在江西开展了农村服务运动。当时的民国江西农村工作者,从管教养卫四个方面开展农村服务工作,探索出了一套以政府主导、服务农村为特点的传统乡村社会改造模式,力图从多方面推动江西农村社会的现代化。尽管这种模式有其难以解开的死结,但仍是值得今天借鉴的农村改造模式之一。     

新时期专用词语的语义泛化分析

新时期专用词语语义发生泛化,由单义变为多义而进入普通词语的行列,这是汉语词汇系统内部自我调节的重要表现,其特点是突破原有语义内涵,指称对象和范围扩大到专业以外。专用词语语义泛化的途径很多,其中绝大部分是通过相似引申的方式。新时期专用词语语义泛化具有集中反映社会主旋律的功能。     

The Impact of an SES-Based Model on a College's Undergraduate Admissions Outcomes

In Grutter vs. Bollinger, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the use of race as one factor, among many in admissions decisions is constitutional. It is not known, however, whether future legal opinions will continue to uphold the use of affirmative action policies. Some have argued that class-based preferences can achieve many of the same goals as in affirmative action while being more likely to withstand legal challenges. To date, no empirical studies have been conducted on the potential impact of a class-based admissions policy if implemented at an undergraduate institution. This paper reports on a study at a selective public college and compares a number of outcomes under three admissions models: the original admissions decisions, a purely academic model, and an socio-economic status (SES)-based model. The findings showed that use of the SES-based model would have led to a more academically qualified class than in the original admitted class while maintaining substantially greater student diversity that was found under the academic model. An admissions policy based on preferences for socio-economically disadvantaged applicants appears to hold promise for other colleges and universities with similar institutional and applicant characteristics. The ideas and research design reported in this paper are based on the doctoral dissertation study of the second author, Undergraduate Admissions Models Incorporating Socioeconomic Factors (Johnson, 2000).     

关于语义范畴模糊性的思考

结合认知语言学原型范畴理论和模糊集合理论,探讨语义的模糊性。分析语义范畴模糊性背后的认知理据,并对范畴外延不确定性、语义交集现象、模糊分界的相对性以及模糊语义扩大的方向性等问题进行思考。     

Models and Paradigms in Kuhn and Halloun

In Modeling Theory in Science Education, Halloun (2004) adopts the word ‘paradigm’, but his use of the term is radically different from that of Kuhn. In this paper, I explore some of the differences between Kuhn’s paradigms and Halloun’s paradigms. Where Kuhn’s paradigms are public, community-defining exemplars of practice, Halloun’s paradigms are private, individualized ways of thinking. Where Kuhn writes of the paradigm shift as a revolutionary, vision-altering conversion experience, Halloun writes of a gradual evolution from one way of thinking to another and an easy back-and-forth switch between paradigms. Since Kuhn’s paradigms are self-enclosed and incommensurable, there is no objective standard by which one paradigm can be shown to be superior to the other. But Halloun uses ‘viability’ as a standard for paradigm choice. Underlying all of this is the more basic question of whether the history of science is an appropriate metaphor for student progress in the classroom. I conclude with some brief thoughts on this question.     

评注性副词"差点儿"的蕴含和预设

从蕴含和预设的角度对"差点儿"的客观意义和主观意义进行了分析,分析了"差点儿"的语义预设和语用预设,并从预设的角度解释了羡余否定现象的产生.通过和评注性副词的比较,指出"差点儿"是介于描摹性副词和评注性副词之间的一个副词.     

一种用于大规模动态异构信息集成的多代理结构

为了在集成大量异构自治信息资源时实现高效率互操作性,设计了一种基于智能体(agent)的多代理结构.用一组代理智能体以peer-to-peer(P2P)方式为其他非代理智能体提供代理服务,从而提高系统的可扩展性与健壮性.代理服务使用本体技术来实现系统互操作性.与其他多代理结构不同的是,除了领域内本体,还引入了一个领域间本体来表达各个领域内本体中公共概念的联系.因此,代理可以根据领域间本体的信息,将查询请求仅发往相关的代理,减少了网络通信量,更好地发挥多代理体系结构的优势.实验结果表明,系统实现互操作性的效率相对于现有的系统有明显的提高.     

篇章层面英汉衔接手段比较研究

英汉语言的不同特点及山西方人在思维模式上的不同,造成了英汉互译中使用的衔接手段不同。分析了语义粘连包括照应,替代,省略,连接,词汇等方面;结构粘连体现在信息结构,主述位结构,对偶,排比等句式方面:通过大量实例分析讨论了由于英汉语言的这些差异造成了必须在互译中采取不同的衔接手段。