基于语义网的网络智能导航系统研究

针对网络智能导航不能根据用户的真实需求,将用户快速、准确地引领到目的地的情况,提出一种基于语义网的网络智能导航系统。通过建立网络信息语义模型和用户需求语义模型,在网络信息和用户之间构建导航语义网,将用户文字描述的具体需求准确理解并输入到导航语义网,在导航语义网中完整理解导航需求,准确实现用户对信息搜索的导航。     

产品合作创新的契约选择研究

利用委托代理理论,在分析现有产品共同研发模式基础上,对信息不对称下主导企业创新努力可有成本的证实、伙伴企业创新努力可有成本的证实、双边道德风险三种情况下企业间合作产品创新的契约形式和适合条件进行了分析,对不同契约下各方的创新努力程度和合作创新收益进行比较,并基于参与各方不同创新贡献能力下的契约选择进行分析。     

Theory-based model of factors affecting information overload

As the volume of available information increases, individuals and organisations become overwhelmed by the plethora of information. This can reduce productivity and performance, hinder learning and innovation, affect decision making and well-being and cost organisations large amounts of money. This paper develops a new theory-based model of factors affecting information overload and provides a formula for calculating the extent of overload, potentially of use as a diagnostic tool supporting individual or organisational development.     

语义管道技术及其在关联数据中的应用分析

剖析语义管道的理念、技术与实现方式,重点探讨了语义管道在关联数据网络中起到数据集线、疏通、个性化集成定制需求等显著特点,明确语义管道的核心是操作定义,为语义管道在RDF数据集上进行关联集成方法研究与扩展应用提供参考。     

Seeing epistemic order: construction and transmission of evaluative criteria

This paper focuses on formative assessment in the field of higher education. It examines Bernstein’s work on vertical discourses and knowledge structures with the view to deepening understanding of the concept of assessment for learning. The first part of the paper draws on Vygotsky’s work on concept development and Bernstein’s work on knowledge structures to explain why ‘generalisation’ and ‘hierarchy’ are central in knowledge acquisition. It then explores Bernstein’s claim that, within the vertical discourse, different knowledge structures (hierarchical and horizontal) afford greater or lesser visibility of their epistemic structure, and thus of their evaluation criteria of what counts as a legitimate text. The second part of the paper investigates the ways epistemic expectations are signalled through the practice of evaluation to first‐year university students in a professional education course and proposes that markers do not offer students stuffiest access to recognition rules necessary for producing legitimate texts in the future. Drawing on Maton’s distinction between semantic gravity and semantic density, the paper offers an example of how markers could recast what is present in students’ work to offer students access to key ordering principles in vertical discourses.     

试论程度范畴的内涵

量是客观世界的普遍存在.程度是指某个量处于相应级次序列中的某一层级,是量的层级表现.当人们将客观世界中的程度抽象并类型化,就形成了认知程度范畴;当这一认知范畴投射到语言中,即语言化,就形成了语言世界中的一个语义范畴--程度范畴.语言程度范畴是关于程度义的抽象,并且,根据程度范畴的界定,我们可归纳出程度范畴的三个基本特点:级次性、连续性和模糊性.     

“水”观念初探

自古以来,人们对земля(土地)、воздух(空气)、огонь(火)、вода(水)的理解,就被归为每个民族文化的最基本的组成,即它的基本观念当中。这其中,"水"观念在人的意识和文化当中是重要的观念。因为"水"在民族观念和认识当中被认为是宇宙的最初自然力之一。因此,古往今来,俄罗斯人在对周围世界不断认识和理解的过程中,在对水以及由水构成的水体、自然景观等客体的性能和属性的观察、研究中,也形成了对"水"观念的基本理解。对这些观念的理解以及逐渐积累的相关知识被代代相传地记录和固定在一些词语、成语单位、以及很多口头和文字作品当中。以俄罗斯叶尼塞河流域水系的名称为例,对вода观念作初步探讨。     

“跑北京”等“跑＋NP”中“NP”的题元分析

现代汉语中一价动词＂跑＂后出现宾语,形成＂跑＋NP＂结构。＂跑北京＂的D-结构中,＂跑＂采用语义＂为某种事物或利益而奔走＂。作为＂奔走＂语义解释的二价动词＂争取＂授格给NP,使NP满足其承担题元角色的可见条件;介词＂为＂给NP分派＂目标＂题元角色。＂跑＂是＂奔走＂的语音解释。对＂跑北京＂中＂北京＂的分析同样适用于其他＂跑＋NP＂中的NP。＂跑＋NP＂充分体现了语言运用的经济原则。     

Contexts,Original Orders,and Item-Level Orientation: Responding Creatively to Users' Needs and Technological Change

This article questions traditional assumptions that archival aggregations must always be rigidly defined. Technology allows archival institutions to respond to users' diverse requirements by empowering them to create multiple groupings and variable orders. To take advantage of these capabilities as archives become increasingly digital, a shift toward item-level orientation will be crucial. Users will still need information about context, but the digital future will almost certainly necessitate abandoning current methods in favor of documenting contextual relationships at item level. Respect for “fonds” and original order will retain some value but will no longer be the primary means of capturing context.     

词的非常规功能义释义模式探析

词的功能义，是指因词性（或语法功能）不同而导致词的意义变化而形成的词义。研究词的功能义，重点是认识词在非常规功能下意义的变化。探讨词的非常规功能义的释义模式要注意区分逻辑语义模式与语言表达变式，以期在语文辞书中准确地、规范地说解词的非常规功能义。