体操本质多元论与层次论

摘要：采用文献资料法、统计法等对体操本质进行了研究,旨在解决体操定义研究存在的问题,丰富体操基础理论。提出体操本质是多元的并且多元本质是分层次的。然后以概念分层理论为指导,建立了体操概念分层分类体系,依此提出并讨论了体操本质的四层理论,即形式本质、一般本质、特殊本质和个别本质。体操本质的四层理论有助于解决体操定义争论证明体操本质多元论与层次论的科学性,意义在于：能为主体认识体操本质提供同一性前提;有助于提高主体认识体操本质的效率;有助于防止定义过宽或过窄的逻辑错误;有助于解决体操“邻近的属概念”是一元还是多元的争论;把握体操本质四个层次的统一有助于主体在实践中做到合目的性与合规律性的统一。     

Effectiveness during ball screens in elite basketball games

Ball screens are one of the most frequently used tactical behaviour in elite basketball games. The aim of the present study was to identify their predictors of success related to time, space, players, and tasks performed. The sample was composed of 818 ball screens corresponding to 20 close games (mean differences in score of 3.1 ± 0.8 points) randomly selected from the playoff games of the Spanish Basketball League (2008–2011). Classification tree analysis (CHAID) was used to analyse which variable or combination of variables, better predicts effectiveness during ball screens. The main results allowed identifying interactions with dribbler actions after the screen and the orientation of the screen on the ball. The results showed no interaction with game quarter and quarter minute temporal-related variables in both analyses. The present findings allow improving coaches’ strategic plans that involve selecting the most appropriate offensive approach when performing ball screens.     

《左传》中卜筮的分类及其特点

《左传》有很多关于卜筮的记载,春秋时期许多事情都需要通过卜筮来做出决定,所以其分类非常繁复。虽然卜筮在这一时期具有重要的地位,发挥着重要作用,但是伴随着理性观念及人本主义思想的发展,这一时期的卜筮有其显著的特征。     

基于BP网络的有教师分类算法及应用

介绍BP神经网络的结构及相关算法,并通过实验比较不同情况下对BP神经网络的收敛速度与分类精度的影响。实验表明,合适的参数设置能提高BP神经网络算法的分类精度。     

武夷山脉裸子植物群落分类与分布特点

以群落学的调查方法,对福建武夷山脉13个研究地、4.86 ha样方开展实地调查。通过统计分析,结果表明:武夷山脉裸子植物群落物种组成丰富,维管植物有482种,其中蕨类植物58种、裸子植物39种、种子植物385种。分布于武夷山脉的81个裸子植物群落隶属1个植被型组,4个植被型,4个植被亚型,17个群系组,27个群系。群落的特有性比例高达86%,如南方铁杉林、黄山松林、刺柏林、南方红豆杉林、长叶榧树林等均为我国宝贵的自然资源。暖温性裸子植物群落分布在中低海拔(450 m～1 000 m),温性裸子植物群落分布在中高海拔(800 m～1 800 m);裸子植物群落的数量分布变化从南至北呈现递增趋势。     

BP神经网络算法在教师履职考评中的应用研究

基于BP神经网络算法在分类预测方面的权威性,提出利用BP神经网络构建教师履职评价模型的新方法。实验结果表明,该模型具有较高的可行性和实用性,能够准确、高效地对教师履职情况进行客观评价。     

手工艺遗产保护传承研究：回顾与思考

手工艺遗产因其“工”的可复制性,“品”的可消费性,“手”和“艺”的异文化性,而成为文化旅游消费主要对象之一,旅游消费既使手工艺遗产得到复兴,引起社会重新审视手工艺的价值;又在迎合旅游者的消费取向过程中,使得手工艺遗产存续发生异化。文章在梳理国内外关于手工艺遗产研究的基础上,认为手工艺遗产保护的关键在于“手”和“艺”,即手工艺遗产的原生性主体和其对手工艺的实践、认知与价值内化,手工艺遗产保护传承应以手工艺品的原生性主体对其分类为指导,以“手、工、艺、品”四个层面为方法,从而实现手工艺遗产的活态、原真性保护传承。     

Ranking Romanian academic departments in three fields of study using the g-index

The scientific performance of 64 political science, sociology and marketing departments in Romania is investigated with the aid of the g-index. The assessment of departments based on the g-index shows, within each of the three types of departments that make up the population of the study, a strong polarisation between top performers (very few) and weak performers (much more numerous). This alternative assessment is also found to be largely consistent with an official ranking of departments carried out in 2011 by the Ministry of Education. To conduct the evaluation of departments the individual scientific output of 1385 staff members working in the fields of political science, sociology and marketing is first determined with the aid of the ‘Publish or Perish’ software based on the Google Scholar database. Distinct department rankings are then created within each field using a successive (second-order) g-index.     

数字模糊语言及其翻译

在汉英语言中,数字俯拾皆是。数字通常被认为是最精确的语言,但在实际应用中,除了精确的计数功能之外,他们的意义在很多情况下确实是模糊的。数字模糊语言的翻译在跨文化交际中至关重要。因此,分析数字模糊语言的分类与异同,结合例子总结数字模糊语言的翻译策略,能够让来自于不同语言文化的人在跨文化交际中更好地理解不同背景的数字文化。     

Automatic thematic classification of election manifestos

We digitized three years of Dutch election manifestos annotated by the Dutch political scientist Isaac Lipschits. We used these data to train a classifier that can automatically label new, unseen election manifestos with themes. Having the manifestos in a uniform XML format with all paragraphs annotated with their themes has advantages for both electronic publishing of the data and diachronic comparative data analysis. The data that we created will be disclosed to the public through a search interface. This means that it will be possible to query the data and filter them on themes and parties. We optimized the Lipschits classifier on the task of classifying election manifestos using models trained on earlier years. We built a classifier that is suited for classifying election manifestos from 2002 onwards using the data from the 1980s and 1990s. We evaluated the results by having a domain expert manually assess a sample of the classified data. We found that our automatic classifier obtains the same precision as a human classifier on unseen data. Its recall could be improved by extending the set of themes with newly emerged themes. Thus when using old political texts to classify new texts, work is needed to link and expand the set of themes to newer topics.