二语写作中母语负迁移对句法层面的影响及对策

二语写作中母语负迁移的影响客观存在而且涉及到写作的各个环节。句子作为表达独立完整观点、构建段落篇章的基本单位起着至关重要的作用。因此,分析和探究母语负迁移对句法造成的影响有利于写作教学的有效开展。     

“兼语句”的来源及特征

"兼语句"是现代汉语中一个重要的句式,早在先秦时期便已存在。然而,由于对其系统的语法研究开始较晚,此句式直到本世纪三、四十年代才引起人们的关注,学者们的关注,学者们对其解释亦不尽相同。文章在前人研究的基础上,从认知学角度对"兼语句"的来源及特征进行了分析,揭示了它与连动结构的渊源关系,并指出了它的内涵及特征。     

泰国学生汉语差比句习得的特点及偏误分析

文章对比了泰国学生中介语语料与汉语母语者语料中差比句的使用情况,分析了泰国学生差比句习得的特点和偏误类型。研究发现,泰国学生中介语语料与汉语母语者语料中各句式的使用频次不完全一致,使用频次与正确使用频率也不完全一致;泰国学生汉语差比句偏误率较高,偏误类型复杂多样,其主要原因在于汉泰语＂比/■＂字句在形式和功能意义上错综复杂的对应关系和对应＂空缺＂。文章最后提出了针对泰国学生汉语差比句的教学策略,确定了有＂泰国特色＂的差比句教学难度等级序列。     

Phonological Awareness Skills in Young Boys with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Substantial research has detailed the reading deficits experienced by children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Although phonological awareness (PA) is vital in reading development, little is known about PA in the DMD population. This pilot study describes the PA abilities of a group of five young children with DMD, comparing the results with those of a group of children with spinal muscular atrophy and with those of a group of typically developing children. The Preschool and Primary Inventory of Phonological Awareness was used to assess the PA skills of the participants. Results indicated that the children with DMD performed significantly poorer than the typically developing group on tests of Syllable Segmentation, Rhyme Awareness, Alliteration Awareness and Phoneme Isolation and significantly poorer than the spinal muscular atrophy group on Rhyme Awareness. The findings of this pilot study indicate that children with DMD may have an increased risk of having PA difficulties, thus requiring early PA training.     

Disentangling the relationship between working memory and language: The roles of short-term storage and cognitive control

This study investigates the relationship between working memory and language in young children growing up in a multilingual environment. The aim is to explore whether mechanisms of short-term storage and cognitive control hold similar relations to emerging language skills and to investigate if potential links are mediated by related cognitive abilities. A sample of 119 Luxembourgish 6-year-olds completed several assessments of working memory (complex and simple span), native and foreign vocabulary, syntax, reading, rhyme awareness, and fluid intelligence. Results showed that short-term storage and cognitive control manifested differential links with developing language abilities: Whereas verbal short-term storage was specifically linked to vocabulary; cognitive control manifested unique and robust links with syntax and early reading development. The study suggests that in young children the working memory system is composed of separate but interacting components corresponding to short-term storage and cognitive control that can be distinguished by the roles they play in supporting language acquisition.     

Rotenone induces more serious learning and memory impairment than α-synuclein A30P does in Drosophila

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a heterogenous disease caused by multifactorial etiology. PD is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra and the accumulation of Lewy bodies. In this study, two Drosophila PD models by exposing Drosophila to rotenone (sporadic PD models) are proposed, and the human α-synuclein A30P protein (family PD models) in Drosophila is expressed respectively. Both models recapitulated the main human PD symptoms including the loss of dopaminergic neurons...     

工作记忆与失语症关系的研究进展

工作记忆与失语症的关系近来受到研究者的广泛关注.工作记忆四个成分的缺陷 都将导致失语症患者的语言障碍,工作记忆的测量方法在失语症研究中得到广泛应用.应 结合汉语和汉字的特点开展工作记忆与失语症关系的研究.     

聋生对复句的掌握状况调查研究

本文对聋人学生的复句应用情况进行了调查,通过对就读于大专院校的聋生写作的1568个复句进行统计和分析,探讨聋生复句应用过程中各种错误类型产生的原因,揭示聋生习得汉语复句的特点,指出聋生掌握复句的重点与难点,并提出相应的教学策略,以期为聋生复句教学提供参考和借鉴。     

时延双向联想记忆器的全局指数稳定性

利用Lyapunov泛涵方法并结合一些不等式技巧获得了一类具自连接的双向联想记忆时延系统平衡点的存在性和全局指数稳定的充分条件.     

从认识的功能视角谈EST长句的分类及翻译

大量使用长句是科技英语的主要句法特点之一.科技英语中的长句的修辞功能分为五大类描述功能、陈述功能、定义功能、分类功能和指令功能.根据功能等值翻译理论,各类长句的译法应各不相同.