普通高校排球运动员运动损伤及预防

研究主要采用文献资料法、观察法和逻辑分析方法,对高校排球专业与非排球专业的学生,在排球运动的学习和训练中常见的运动损伤进行调研、分析,提出思想上重视运动中的损伤,积极地采取预防措施防止损伤,伤后要做些辅助练习等措施,为今后更好地预防排球损伤提供一些理论参考,使参加排球运动的学生减少伤病的痛苦.     

对行政自由裁量权的司法审查——以工伤认定行政案件为例

行政自由裁量权是行政主体在行政执法中运用最广泛的一种权力。行政自由裁量权的合理利用可以充分发挥行政机关的职能,但其也有被滥用的可能,因此必须加强控制,而司法审查是比较有效的控制手段之一,但法院对于除行政处罚之外的行政自由裁量活动应如何审查,法律却没有明确规定。本文通过对工伤认定行政案件进行具体分析,得出法院在此审查过程中需要考量的因素。     

大型群众性活动重大安全事故罪疑难问题研究

大型群众性活动的特点、行为人违反了哪些安全管理规定是认定该罪的前提,必须结合其他相关法规予以综合认定;从我国现行刑法的规定来看,该罪的主体只能是自然人,但应通过修改刑法增设单位主体;该罪的客体是不特定多数人的生命、健康和重大财产的安全,而不是群众性活动的管理制度和社会秩序;在司法认定中,注意区分该罪与其他责任事故罪以及玩忽职守罪的不同之处。     

排球运动中踝、膝关节损伤与应力性骨折损伤机制分析及运动干预

排球是一项普及程度极广的体育运动,对参加者的跳跃能力有很强的要求。跳跃落地动作对下肢的冲击是造成排球运动中膝、踝关节损伤与应力性骨折的重要原因。本文对损伤产生的机制进行了相应分析,并提出了相应运动干预的措施以有效避免损伤的发生。     

Perspectives on a zero-tolerance approach to discipline: towards maintaining a nurturing and secure school environment

Abstract

This article reports on inquiry into school managers’ and teachers’ views on a zero-tolerance approach to managing learner discipline in schools. The study was conducted by way of multiple focus group interviews with selected participants from six inner city schools. Additional (secondary) data were obtained from schools’ code of conduct journals. The data were analysed in grounded theory mode and the main themes of the findings show that the participants are deeply concerned about the way in which disciplinary problems are affecting everyday school life. The participants struggle with applying the democratic principles of the law and reflect on times past when order was supposedly maintained by way of corporal punishment. The study included a section in which participants were asked to converse about the “zero-tolerance” approach to maintaining school discipline. It appears that this is seen as a viable option. Having introduced the notion, the principal researcher, with the other authors, caution such an introduction without coupling it with a school renewal drive that includes counselling and the development of an ethic of care.     

Student injuries in the dissecting room

Cadaver dissection is the first opportunity for many students to practice handling human tissue and is their first exposure to the occupational hazards involved with this task. Few studies examine dissection room injuries to ascertain the dangers associated with dissecting. We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of dissection room injuries from four student cohorts over an eleven‐year period (2001–2011), including second‐year medical students, third‐year medical students, second‐year dental students, and third‐year science students. Injury data included activity causing injury, object responsible, and injury site. A total of 163 injuries during 70,039 hours of dissection were recorded, with 66 in third‐year medical students, 42 in second‐year medical students, 36 in third‐year science students, and 16 in second‐year dental students. The overall rate was 2.87 injuries per 1,000 dissection hours, with second‐year medical students most frequently injured (5.5 injuries per 1,000 hours); third‐year medical students were least frequently injured (1.3 injuries per 1,000 hours). A significant difference in injury rates between student groups indicated a higher than expected injury rate to second‐year medical students and lower than expected rates to third‐year medical students. Injury rates increased for most groups between 2001–2006 and 2007–2011 periods. Most injuries (79%) were from scalpel cuts to the finger or thumb. This study provides injury rates for dissection room injuries to students, indicating differences in injury frequency between cohorts and an increase in injury rate over time. As scalpel cuts were the most likely injury mechanism, targeting scalpel handling with preventative strategies may reduce future injury risk. Anat Sci Educ 6: 404–409. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.     

伤宁—B外用药酒治疗软组织闭合性损伤临床观察

各种软组织闭合性损伤是运动创伤的常见伤 ,多发病。笔者从 1998年采用广西某制药厂生产的著名药酒作对照组 ,对我院药房配制的伤宁—B外用药酒的疗效进行临床观察。结果显示 ,伤宁—B外用药酒治愈率 71% ,好转率 15% ,减轻率 14 % ,无效率 0 % ,合计有效率 10 0 %。著名药酒治愈率 37 5% ,好转率 2 8 5% ,减轻率 7 1% ,无效率 2 5% ,合计有效率 75% (P <0 0 1)。因此认为伤宁—B外用药酒的疗效优于著名药酒。     

拳击运动员肘关节内侧软组织损伤的发生机制及其防治

在拳击运动中,肘关节内侧软组织损伤比较常见,它是由肘关节的解剖特点和拳击动作的生物力学特点所决定的。本阐明了拳击运动员肘关节内侧软组织损伤的发生机制．并提出了有效的防治方法。     

Associated ACL risk factors differences during an unanticipated volleyball blocking movement

ABSTRACT

The lateral tilt of the arms accompanied by trunk lateral tilt is a typical blocking manoeuvre in volleyball. However, during this unanticipated blocking movement, an associated risk of ACL injury may result. The aim of the present study was to compare associative ACL risk factors at the initial contact and the first and second peak of VGRF during an unanticipated blocking movement with different arm positions. Synchronized kinematic and kinetic data were collected for each trial of each condition. Student paired t-tests and effect size were used to determine differences between two conditions (S – with arms straight up from the body) and (T – with the arms and trunk laterally tilted). The results showed that the T condition significantly decreases knee flexion, increases VGRF at the foot contact, first peak force and increases the valgus moment at the first peak force. The values of the associated risk factors for a non-contact ACL injury appear to be related to the tilted arm position accompanied by trunk tilt towards to right lower limb during landing. The players should be taught to land with greater knee flexion and, if possible, a double-leg landing to decrease right lower limb loading during the blocking manoeuvre.     

关于长拳运动员运动损伤的调查研究

文章对33名长拳运动员进行了运动损伤的调查分析。调查表明:长拳运动员具有发病率高、急性损伤多、四肢伤多、骨性伤多的特点。文章在调查的基础上,对损伤的性质、原因进行了分析,旨在探讨长拳运动员损伤发生的规律及防治对策。