空调房间空气质量的改进措施

指出影响空调房间环境的主要因素 ,解释了空气品质的概念 ,提出了改进的措施。     

Supporting children with Down syndrome within mainstream education settings: parental reflections

This study draws upon data gathered from five parents who have children with Down syndrome (DS), being educated in mainstream settings in England. The parental perspective of practices, both inclusive and otherwise, is explored through a qualitative lens. Findings suggest that early intervention, such as portage, is important. However, access to services varied across authorities. Additionally, some participants highlighted issues around the Education, Health Care Plan and subsequent annual reviews. Overall, this study offers examples of inclusive practice in the areas of supporting language and communication needs, parental partnership and transition between educational phases for children with DS. However, there are inconsistencies across providers and there is a need for more research into these areas in the future.     

Purposes of education for young people with severe learning difficulties: exploring a vocational teaching resource – ‘A stepping stone to…’ what?

This article examines the purposes of education with a particular focus on young people with severe learning difficulties (SLD). The topic is explored with reference to a specific case, whereby some of the key findings of an evaluation of the first year of ‘The Greenside Studio’, an English special school’s vocational teaching resource for young people with SLD, are presented. A conceptualisation of different ‘sides’ to the Studio is discussed in relation to the purposes of education for these learners in which the view of vocational learning as a stepping stone to paid employment and independence is presented as problematic. With a broader interpretation of vocational education this stepping stone is reconfigured as a bridge to life after school, whatever form that takes. It is argued, however, that the nature of this life must be viewed aspirationally.     

Polymorphisms in genes involved in folate metabolism as maternal risk factors for Down syndrome in China

Objective: To explore the relationship between genetic polymorphisms in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), methionine synthase reductase (MTRR), the central enzymes in folate metabolism that affects DNA methylation and synthesis, and the risk of Down syndrome in China. Methods: Genomic DNA was isolated from the peripheral lymphocytes of 64 mothers of children with Down syndrome and 70 age matched control subjects. Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism were used to examine the polymorphisms of MTHFR 677C→T, MTRR 66A→G and the relationship between these genotypes and the risk of Down syndrome was analyzed. Results: The results show that the MTHFR 677C→T polymorphism is more prevalent among mothers of children with Down syndrome than among control mothers, with an odds ratio of 3.78 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.78～8.47). In addition, the homozygous MTRR 66A→G polymorphism was independently associated with a 5.2-fold increase in estimated risk (95% CI, 1.90～14.22). The combined presence of both polymorphisms was associated with a greater risk of Down syndrome than the presence of either alone, with an odds ratio of 6.0 (95% CI, 2.058～17.496).The two polymorphisms appear to act without a multiplicative interaction. Conclusion: MTHFR and MTRR gene mutation alleles are related to Down syndrome, and CT, TT and GG gene mutation types increase the risk of Down syndrome.     

Literacy-based behavioural interventions delivered by peers: a teaching strategy for students with severe disabilities

Many children with severe disabilities do not perform basic daily living skills needed for typical school and home environments. Previous research on literacy-based behavioural interventions (LBBIs) has shown promise for promoting skill acquisition and maintenance in some learners; however, only one study has examined the effectiveness of this intervention when delivered by peers. In this study, peer classmates were taught to deliver an LBBI story that highlighted hand-washing skills in three students with severe disabilities. Results showed that the accuracy of students’ new skills increased dramatically after their peers delivered the stories with pictures and printed words, and these skills maintained after the LBBI stories were removed. Further, each of the students demonstrated accurate hand-washing in novel environments using different sinks. This study builds on previous LBBI studies by incorporating peers into the story delivery, and using the intervention to teach new self-care skills.     

更年期综合征的中医辨证疗法举隅

更年期是人生的重要阶段，是生命之秋，也是多病多难之时。更年期综合征的临床常见证型有：肝肾阴虚型，脾肾阳虚型，心脾两虚型，肝郁脾虚型。准确的辨证是治疗本病的关键，治以“绝经后着重在脾”为要点，     

慢性疲劳综合症的神经内分泌免疫研究进展

慢性疲劳综合症是现代医学新认识的疾病,发病机制复杂.最近研究发现,细胞免疫功能和细胞因子表达的异常、内分泌功能的紊乱以及神经系统功能的异常可能参与该病的病理机制,因此神经内分泌免疫系统的失调是引发慢性疲劳综合症的重要因素.     

生理学“线粒体DNA突变”研究的新进展

生理学中“线粒体DNA(mtDNA)”研究近年来取得重大进展 ,学者们十分关注它的突变与人类疾病的关系。本文综述了mtDNA的结构 ,遗传特点 ,突变类型和几种常见的综合症及临床症状 ,力求展示出研究的新进展     

急性重症胰腺炎的临床治疗分析

目的研究急性重症胰腺炎(ASP)的临床治疗.方法对34例ASP的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果全组34例,治愈27例,治愈率为79.41%.非手术治疗组治愈率为88.89%,手术治疗组治愈率为68.75%.结论ASP非手术治疗的治愈率明显高于手术治疗.早期诊断ASP对选择ASP的治疗方式及改善预后有重要意义.     

唐氏综合症儿童语言发展研究的现状分析

从前语言阶段、语音和词汇发展、形态句法习得和语用发展这四个方面对以英语为母语的唐氏儿童语言发展研究的现状和成果作了分析,并在此基础上提出今后的研究趋势以及在我国开展唐氏综合症儿童语言发展研究的意义和紧迫性。