美国计算机犯罪立法的发展与启示

计算机犯罪已严重危害了信息系统安全，各国政府也已认识到打击和惩罚计算机犯罪、保护信息系统安全的重要性。美国很早就将保护信息系统安全纳入了法治化的轨道，在打击计算机犯罪中也积累了丰富的经验。文章通过探讨美国计算机犯罪立法的历史沿革和最新发展，对信息系统安全的法治化进程中的规律进行总结，以期为我国的信息法制建设提供借鉴。     

未成年人犯罪的现状及其预防

未成年人是祖国的未来.未成年人的犯罪问题一直是全社会关注的热点,同时也是消除社会不稳定的因素,为经济、政治、文化等各方面发展创造良好环境的重要课题之一.分析未成年人犯罪的特点、原因,寻觅预防未成年人犯罪的对策,是一项功在当代、利在千秋的事情.     

Disability hate crime: persecuted for difference

This article briefly discusses the long history of violence towards disabled people which sets the context for an analysis of the modern‐day form of violence known as disability hate crime (DHC). People who look or behave differently to others often find themselves victims of violent crimes. The language used to describe disabled people contributes to their diminished position in society. A brief review of definitions of DHC and exploration of news media coverage of the Pilkington and Askew DHC cases are undertaken. Cultural scapegoating of disabled people is discussed. Disabled people are perceived as contributing to their own victimisation, the lack of support afforded to them by society and the failure of systems meant to protect them. As long as disabled people remain outside mainstream society, they are unlikely to achieve the same levels of respect and protection from crime that other groups in society are afforded.     

中国人性别角色量表的建构及其与心理社会适应的关系

本研究的目的是建立中国人的性别角色量表，并探索不同性别角色类型的个体其心理社会适应水平的特点。研究一根据5000多名被试对中国人人格量表项目的反应挑选出男女被试有显著差异的项目，经过因素分析建立了各由30个项目组成，分别由七个和六个因素构成的中国人男性化和女性化量表，并据此将被试划分为未分化、女性化、男性化和双性化四种性别角色类型。研究二则比较了不同性别角色类型与心理健康的关系，表明在中国被试中双性化的个体心理社会适应水平最低、女性化个体心理社会适应最好。这一结果与Bem关于双性化的假设是截然相反的。本研究从中国文化与性别角色的关系对这一结果进行了解释，提出了中国文化是女性化文化，同时又是反男性化文化的假设，并对进一步研究的方向进行了讨论。     

玩忽职守罪主体的界定

玩忽职守罪的主体是国家机关工作人员。关于在国家机关中从事公务的人员的判断,刑法理论界存在着公务论与身份论的论争。随着公务员制度的建立和干部人事制度的变革,界定国家机关工作人员不应仅以身份论,而应以其是否从事国家机关的公务活动来衡量,并认为国家机关以合同、协议等形式聘用的临时人员从事执法活动时,若利用职务之便实施犯罪,应以国家机关工作人员适用法律。有关立法、司法实践基本采纳的是以公务论为依据来认定国家机关工作人员的。     

介绍贿赂罪应为目的犯--兼谈受贿罪的犯罪目的

介绍贿赂罪的犯罪目的研究在该罪的所有争议研究中，相对薄弱，甚至虚无。介绍贿赂罪介于行贿罪与受贿罪之间，在犯罪构成及社会危害性程度上，三者皆紧密联系，构成一个阶梯性的犯罪体系。尽管刑法明文规定了行贿罪的犯罪目的。受贿罪的立法规定中也隐含着犯罪目的，而对介绍贿赂罪的犯罪目的刑法既未作明文规定，从语义上也看不出有所隐含。但从法律解释学的角度出发，介绍贿赂罪也应该具有犯罪目的才是正确地反映了立法原意和这三罪的构造关系层次。同时，将介绍贿赂罪的犯罪目的界定为谋取经济利益，并将该目的解释为情节严重之情形之一较为科学。     

Resiliency as a factor protecting youths from risky behaviour: Moderating effects of gender and sport

We hypothesised that resiliency may protect adolescents against risky behaviours, and that both the practicing of sports, and gender are moderating variables in relationships between resiliency and risky behaviours. The study included 18-year-old pupils from a selection of secondary schools (n = 556). A total of 188 individuals practiced competitive sports and the remaining 368 participants were non-athletes. The participants were examined with the Resiliency Assessment Scale for Children and Adolescents (SPP-18) and with a survey containing questions and statements related to high-risk “experiments with adulthood”. Adolescent athletes showed higher levels of resiliency than their peers. The power of the “Determination and Persistence in Action” effect on “Alcohol” scale differed significantly between male athletes and male non-athletes. Only in the athletes groups were higher scores on this scale reflected by lower values on the “Drugs” scale. Moreover, it is possible to observe differences in undertaking risky behaviour between male and female athletes. The analysis of risky sexual behaviour suggests that sport is a risk factor for men, and a protective factor for women. These data suggest that consistent prophylactic and psycho-educative activities, with a special attention to differences between genders, should be provided to all the adolescents, irrespective of their sport performance levels.     

ATM犯罪探讨

随着ATM犯罪的不断上升,中国社会各界正面临着这种犯罪带来的诸多危害,也更加关切如何才能有效预防这种犯罪。本文就ATM犯罪的法律界定和其他一些有争议的相关法律问题进行了阐述,并就现在的相关政策作了评议并提出了一些改良建议。     

对波伏娃《第二性》的两点看法

本文客观地评价了波伏娃的《第二性》作品,提出了个人奋斗不能解决妇女问题,妇女解放不应排斥自然属性的两点看法。