我国优势竞技体育项目的实力分析与发展对策研究

采用数理统计法和对比分析的方法，对我国第25—27届奥运会获得的奖牌情况和近年来的重大体育比赛情况进行了对比分析，探讨了我国近年来竞技体育的实力变化。旨在为在雅典奥运会和2008年北京奥运会周期中我国竞技体育优势地位的保持、准确定位和我国竞技体育的可持续发展提出对策．     

我国古典式摔跤运动员主要关节的肌群力量特征研究

采用美国产赛贝斯(诺母-700)多关节测力仪对古典式摔跤运动员进行主要关节力量测试与分析，对膝关节、肘关节和腰背在两种角速度下的伸、屈肌群共20组测试数据分别作相关聚类、主成分分析。结果表明，古典式摔跤运动员膝关节、腰背和肘关节力量特征，可用各关节作功时的相对峰力矩、加速时间和峰力矩角度的参数大小评价；我国古典式摔跤运动员腰背力量最大，膝关节力量次之，肘关节力量最小。     

现代短跑运动的专项力量训练

在重新审视我国短跑运动员力量训练理论与方法的基础上,从短跑运动专项力量训练的指导思想、方法学原理、训练手段与方法等3个方面,对现代短跑运动员的力量训练进行了分析研究。     

上肢超等长肌力练习对女子铅球教学效果的影响

本文采用文献资料法、实验研究法、数理统计分析法,选用超等长肌力练习作为教学手段,通过对实验组与对照组的比较,经过七周的训练之后发现超等长肌力练习能有效地提高女子铅球的技术动作、运动成绩及其身体素质.     

Indicators of sailing performance in youth dinghy sailing

Abstract

This study aimed to determine indicators of sailing performance in 2 (age) groups of youth sailors by investigating the anthropometric, physical and motor coordination differences and factors discriminating between elite and non-elite male optimist sailors and young dynamic hikers. Anthropometric measurements from 23 optimist sailors (mean ± SD age = 12.3 ± 1.4 years) and 24 dynamic youth hikers (i.e. Laser 4.7, Laser radial and Europe sailors <18 years who have to sail the boat in a very dynamic manner, due to a high sailor to yacht weight ratio) (mean ± SD age = 16.5 ± 1.6 years) were conducted. They performed a physical fitness test battery (EUROFIT), motor coordination test battery (Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder) and the Bucket test. Both groups of sailors were divided into two subgroups (i.e. elites and non-elites) based on sailing expertise. The significant differences, taking biological maturation into account and factors discriminating between elite and non-elite optimist sailors and dynamic hikers were explored by means of multivariate analysis of covariance and discriminant analysis, respectively. The main results indicated that 100.0% of elite optimist sailors and 88.9% of elite dynamic hikers could be correctly classified by means of two motor coordination tests (i.e. side step and side jump) and Bucket test, respectively. As such, strength- and speed-oriented motor coordination and isometric knee-extension strength endurance can be identified as indicators of sailing performance in young optimist and dynamic youth sailors, respectively. Therefore, we emphasise the importance of motor coordination skill training in optimist sailors (<15 years) and maximum strength training later on (>15 years) in order to increase their isometric knee-extension strength endurance.     

泡沫混凝土刚度软化与剪力传递关系模型

泡沫混凝土在应用中存在强度偏低、开裂、吸水等缺陷,在长期荷载作用下,泡沫混凝土会产生开裂,需要研究泡沫混凝土的刚度软化与剪力传递关系模型,准确描述混凝土结构长期变形及受力行为的徐变耦合特性,掌握服役期内的结构的长期变形及受力状态,为建筑结构防护提供参考。传统模型中仅考虑未开裂部分混凝土的徐变及开裂混凝土对整体刚度的影响,在裂缝的存在,使得混凝土结构刚度降低。提出一种基于裂缝坐标系下泡沫混凝土刚度软化与剪力传递关系模型,分析泡沫混凝土徐变产生及载重分配的机理,得到单轴受压条件下本构关系,按等效应力-应变关系来计算变化的切线弹性模量,在裂缝坐标系下,较准确地描述了泡沫混凝土的平均盈利比率变化与温度和刚度软化之间的关系,经算例验证表明,计算结果可靠,计算精度满足工程使用要求。     

网络关系强度与企业技术创新关系实证研究

网络关系强度是企业技术创新过程中需要考虑的重要因素。在回顾已有文献的基础上,构建了网络关系强度、时间节奏、环境动态性和企业技术创新四者之间的理论模型,以珠三角地区企业为研究对象并进行了实证检验,结果表明:(1)强关系、弱关系对渐进式创新和突破式创新均有显著正向影响。(2)时间节奏在强关系、弱关系与渐进式创新关系中以及在强关系与突破式创新关系中均发挥了完全中介作用,在弱关系与突破式创新关系中发挥了部分中介作用。(3)环境动态性在弱关系与突破式创新关系中具有显著的正向调节作用。     

Temporal specificity of training: intra-day effects on biochemical responses and Olympic-Weightlifting performances

The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of an Olympic-Weightlifting session training at three times of the day on the performance related to biochemical responses. Nine weightlifters (21 ± 0.5 years) performed, in randomised order, on three Olympic-Weightlifting training (snatch, clean and jerk) sessions (08:00 a.m., 02:00 p. m., 06:00 p. m.). Blood samples were collected: before, 3 min and 48 h after each training session. Haematological parameters and markers of muscle injury were assessed. Resting oral temperature and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were also assessed during each session. ANOVA showed that the performance was better (P < 0.001) at 02:00 p. m. with a less RPE (P < 0.01) compared to the morning and the evening sessions while there was higher (P < 0.05) oral temperature at 06:00 p. m. versus 08:00 a.m. and 02:00 p. m. Muscle damage changed immediately (without significant effect after 48 h) after the training sessions with lower values ??in the evening compared to the morning. In conclusion, the afternoon training is more effective than morning or evening sessions for weightlifters. Therefore, coaches and weightlifters should be advised to schedule their training session in the afternoon hour.     

青少年篮球运动员专项力量训练浅析

目前我国许多城市,每年都会举办学生篮球联赛,学生的篮球水平有了很大的提升。但仍然存在一些教练的训练方法不够专业,使得许多学生无法得到科学、高效的锻炼的现象。这不仅影响了训练效果,甚至还影响到学生的身心健康。为了使更多的篮球爱好者能够在科学的训练中健康地成长,本人通过对国内大量有关青少年篮球运动员力量训练方面的文献资料进行研究,并结合自己多年在篮球训练方面的经验,总结出一套科学、高效的青少年篮球运动员力量训练方法。该方法很好地将青少年篮球运动员力量素质训练的规律和篮球专项运动的特点相结合,对青少年篮球运动员力量素质的训练和提高很有成效。     

题目：一种支持产品平台设计的多准则模块划分方法

目的：研究多准则约束下的产品模块划分方法,为企业建立稳健的模块化产品平台奠定基础。方法：采用改进的多目标进化算法对建立的多准则模块划分数学模型求解,并采用模糊集合评价机制进行最优解的寻取,得到基于多准则模块划分方法的产品模块划分结果。结论：通过改进的多目标进化算法求解多准则模块划分模型,能够得到有效支持产品平台设计的产品模块划分方案。通过与已有优化方法的比较验证了本文提出的多准则模块划分方法的优越性。