高等教育与科技创新--学习邓小平关于科学技术与高等教育的论述

重视科学技术在发展生产力、推进社会主义现代化建设中的关键性作用,以及教育在人力资源开发和科学技术创新中的基础性作用,是邓小平的一贯思想。邓小平认为高等教育不仅在培养科技人才方面发挥作用,而且其本身也是科技创新的重要力量。邓小平提出的尊重知识、尊重人才,扩大对外交流与合作,重视基础研究,实行教学、科研、生产相结合等思想主张,对发展高等教育,促进科技创新,推动科教兴国战略和人才强国战略的实施具有重要的启示。     

体育学研究范式探析

长期以来，在体育研究中一直存在着科学主义和人文主义两大范式的争论，这两种研究范式各有其方法论原则和特点。研究认为，对于体育这一复杂现象，任何一种单一的研究范式都无法从本质上对其进行全方位的解释和把握，科学与人文的融合将改善体育研究这种二元对立，走向多元整合的综合研究范式，实现体育研究方法论的根本性转换。     

Web-Based Student Assessment for Program Evaluation

As part of an overall evaluation of the Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment, (GLOBE) program, we designed a Web-based assessment environment to measure students' environmental awareness and data analysis skill. It was expected that students who were identified as high implementers in the GLOBE program would outperform low implementers in their ability to construct environmental inferences and the degree to which they could analyze environmental data. Seven high and middle school classrooms were identified as either high or low GLOBE implementers depending on the amount of atmospheric data they had collected during the year. Within each classroom students were assigned into smaller learning groups of three students per group. A total of 32 groups participated in this study. Analysis of students' responses to the tasks revealed that the students differed in their performance. Overall, the results showed that students in the high implementing classrooms were more likely to construct higher-level environmental inferences than students in the low implementing classes. Contrary to expectations, middle school students were more likely than high school students to solve the data analysis problem correctly. However, upon further analyses, high school students constructed more data graphs and were more skilled in providing correct evidence to support their decision making than were middle school students in GLOBE. This study confirms the viability of using technology-based assessments for measuring students' environmental awareness and data analysis.     

人文教育、科学教育的整合与人的全面发展

以人的全面发展思想为指导，树立以学生为本的教育理念，精心策划、积极运作“两种教育”的整合，促进和推动人的全面发展；随着社会的发展、变革以及人的全面发展提出的新的更高的要求，还要不断更新和完善“两种教育”的整合，更好地发挥高等教育的功能和作用。     

国际图书情报领域作者、机构和国家合著网络剖析

借助SPSS软件从2015年JCR收录的图书情报学领域的86种核心期刊中,随机选取20种期刊作为数据来源,利用书目共现分析系统——BICOMB软件生成共现矩阵,运用UCINET和Pajek软件实现作者、机构和国家3个合著网络的可视化,分析各合著网络的聚类系数、平均距离、高频合作群体,检验小世界特性,揭示网络整体结构、核心学术群体和高频合著集团之间的关系。结果表明国际图书情报领域发文量、合著率及合著规模基本逐年上涨,合作科研已成为不可逆转的大趋势,3个合著网络均具聚类系数大,平均距离短的特点,符合复杂网络的小世界理论,说明国际图书情报领域整体合著网络具有较高的连通性、内部交流频繁、信息传递畅通。高频合著作者和高频合作机构有着确定的研究方向,且倾向于将其连续性的科研成果发表于同一期刊。     

Gender differences in mathematics and science competitions: A systematic review

Gendered patterns in mathematics and science interest emerge in early childhood, develop over time, and ultimately reflect advanced course selection in secondary education. During the crucial time adolescents become aware of their strengths and interests and specialize accordingly, they get the opportunity to participate in out-of-school learning programs such as mathematics and science competitions. This raises the question whether mathematics and science competitions contribute to gender equity by equally promoting female and male interests. In this article, we present a systematic review on gender differences and the mechanisms explaining success and failure in mathematics and science competitions. On an international level, we found large gender differences regarding participation in all Olympiads with the exception of the biology Olympiad. In fairs and national Olympiads, overall participation rates were not gendered as such, but females preferred biology topics whereas males preferred physics related topics. Male and female achievement in fairs was comparable, but males clearly outperformed female participants at the Olympiads, with the smallest differences in the biology Olympiad. Variables and theoretical frameworks explaining participation and achievement and the role of gender in mathematics and science competitions are discussed. We suggest that gender stereotypes, through their influence on self-concept and interest, play an important role in the mechanisms resulting in low female participation rates in and beyond mathematics and science competitions (especially in physics and chemistry). The mechanisms we found explaining female representation during a national selection competition might be considered as reflecting those in female mathematics or science careers and could thus serve as food for thought on countering the gender gap in mathematics and science.     

科学研究的合作化趋势——对我国部分环境科学期刊合作论文的实证研究

在当今科学研究活动中,各种形工的合作正变得非常普遍,环境科学是跨学科的综合性交叉学科群组,通过对我国部分环境科学期刊论文合作情况的计量分析,初步得到合作研究的特点。     

理工科大学发展人文社会科学的思考

繁荣哲学社会科学和现代高等教育的发展趋势提出了理工科大学发展人文社会科学学科的任务。理工科大学发展人文社会科学面临着一些问题,树立"人文教育与科学教育融合"的教育理念对理工科大学有着特殊的意义,理工科大学发展人文社会科学应该有自己的目标定位,特色学科和交叉学科是理工科大学发展人文社会科学的比较优势,为此理工科大学可以通过相应的思路及措施来发展人文社会科学。     

学科知识网络实证研究（Ⅳ）合作网络的结构与特征分析1）

科研活动里的合作现象越来越成为一种全球范围内的大趋势,表现在论文产出中是作者间的合著率在过去的100多年内越来越高,同时这种活动中的合作关系也越来越复杂。本文以图书馆与情报学领域内的论文合著为例,主要针对科研合作网络展开研究,生成了以合著论文里文献生产者共现为特征的合作矩阵与网络,并验证了作者合作网络的无标度特征。本文将合作网络具体细化为三种类型：作者合作网络、机构合作网络和国家合作网络,并将这三种网络使用复杂网络与社会网络技术结合进行分析并作了横向对比。结果发现图书馆与情报学领域内的作者合作网络是非连通的稀疏网络,科学家之间已成多个研究社团,机构与国家合作网络都有较短的平均路径、较高的网络密度和集聚系数。论文最后还对目前常用的合作网络研究方法进行了反思和展望。     

期刊编辑工作与情报学理论

论述传播学与情报学研究互为基础、相互融合的内在联系，以及情报学理论对期刊编辑工作的指导作用，认为情报学是提高期刊编辑工作水平的理论基础。以文稿学术水平的查新、期刊质量信息的收集、论文关键词的标引和分类号的确定这4项工作为例进一步论证了这一观点。