短道速滑个人项目体力分配策略研究

目的：探析短道速滑个人项目两届冬奥会及冬奥会与世锦赛体力分配策略规律差异。方法：收集整理索契、平昌冬奥会,以及2014—2017年世锦赛短道速滑个人项目相关数据,分析单圈用时、肯德尔相关系数。结果：（1）冬奥会各单项单圈用时不同程度地少于世锦赛,平昌不同程度地少于索契;（2）除2016世锦赛500 m,其他赛事均全程具有显著相关（P＜0.05）;（3）除索契冬奥会女子1 000 m,其他赛事均较早出现显著相关（P＜0.05）,平昌冬奥会男子与女子均在第7、8圈为高相关（r≥0.70）;（4）平昌冬奥会1 500 m男子第12、13圈,女子第13圈为高相关（r≥0.70）,两者均从第9圈开始出现显著相关（P＜0.05）。结论：500 m出发位置尤为重要,高速滑行中稳固站位能力需求突出,冬奥会中对全程维持速度能力的要求逐步提高;冬奥会1 000 m与1 500 m比赛争夺有利位置战术的实施位置较以往更为靠后。     

应对方式在体育锻炼与女大学生抑郁之间的中介效应分析

利用Bootstrap交叉验证的方法对女大学生应对方式在体育锻炼与抑郁之间的中介作用进行检验.结果发现,问题解决纬度在体育锻炼对抑郁的影响中起部分中介作用,其中介效应值为-0.0193,中介效应置信区间为[-0.0433 -0.0053],中介效应量占总效应量的28.4%;其他8个应对方式纬度中介效应都不显著.结论认为,积极应对方式在体育锻炼对女大学生抑郁的影响中起中介作用.     

Superior short-term learning effect of visual and sensory organisation ability when sensory information is unreliable in adolescent rhythmic gymnasts

Rhythmic gymnasts specialise in dynamic balance under sensory conditions of numerous somatosensory, visual, and vestibular stimulations. This study investigated whether adolescent rhythmic gymnasts are superior to peers in Sensory Organisation test (SOT) performance, which quantifies the ability to maintain standing balance in six sensory conditions, and explored whether they plateaued faster during familiarisation with the SOT. Three and six sessions of SOTs were administered to 15 female rhythmic gymnasts (15.0 ± 1.8 years) and matched peers (15.1 ± 2.1 years), respectively. The gymnasts were superior to their peers in terms of fitness measures, and their performance was better in the SOT equilibrium score when visual information was unreliable. The SOT learning effects were shown in more challenging sensory conditions between Sessions 1 and 2 and were equivalent in both groups; however, over time, the gymnasts gained marginally significant better visual ability and relied less on visual sense when unreliable. In conclusion, adolescent rhythmic gymnasts have generally the same sensory organisation ability and learning rates as their peers. However, when visual information is unreliable, they have superior sensory organisation ability and learn faster to rely less on visual sense.     

Ⅴ型胶原蛋白ａ1链基因多态性与有氧耐力表型的关联性

摘要：目的：通过分析Ⅴ型胶原蛋白ａ1链（COL5A1）基因多态性与60名中国北方汉族女子专业长跑运动员机能指标的关联性,探寻预测有氧耐力表型的分子标记。方法：采用联合测试法测得无氧阈和最大摄氧量相关指标,肺功仪测得肺功相关指标。用PCR-RFLP分析COL5A1基因的rs13946、rs12722多态性。结果：1）rs12722位点：不同基因型运动员之间无氧阈摄氧量、无氧阈摄氧量相对值有显著性差异（P<0.05）,TT型运动员显著大于CC和CT型。2）rs13946位点：该位点与有氧耐力表型以及肺功之间无关联（P<0.05）。3）rs13946-rs12722单体型：携带TC单体型运动员的无氧阈摄氧量和无氧阈摄氧量相对值指标均显著高于非TC单体型运动员（P<0.025）。结论：1）COL5A1 rs12722 TT基因型可作为预测中国北方汉族女子长跑运动员无氧阈强度下机体氧耗量的分子遗传学标记。2）TC单体型可作为预测北方汉族女子长跑运动员无氧阈摄氧量及其相对值指标的分子遗传学标记。     

New media environments’ comparative effects upon intercultural sensitivity: A five-dimensional analysis

An experimental 2 (channel) × 2 (gender) × 3 (time) mixed factorial design (N = 159) was applied to test and compare how individual dimensions of intercultural sensitivity might be affected by two channels: a virtual environment (i.e., Second Life^®) versus a Web environment. Using a modified version of Chen and Starosta's Intercultural Sensitivity Scale (ISS), the study sought to identify which of the five ISS dimensions played the most influential role in intercultural sensitivity outcomes: interaction enjoyment, interaction engagement, interaction confidence, interaction attentiveness, or respect for cultural differences. Results showed that one's willingness and effort toward understanding an intercultural interaction – interaction attentiveness – played the greatest and most statistically significant role in intercultural sensitivity outcomes, and that this effect was greatest within the virtual environment channel. Gender effects were also found, in which men experienced greater enjoyment but women expressed more attentiveness.     

我国体育赛事电视转播权研究

采用文献研究法、问卷调查法等研究方法对体育赛事电视转播权的产生原因及其经济价值、我国开发体育赛事电视转播权中存在的主要问题进行了研究,对我国开发体育赛事电视转播权提出对策建议。从而对我国开发电视转播权资产、促进体育产业发展具有重要意义。     

我国体育赛事资源的构成及其类别与特点

体育赛事资源的开发和利用是体育赛事运作及其发展的物质基础,针对体育赛事资源的概念、构成要素以及类别与特点等基本问题进行探讨。     

民族分裂主义是当今世界的一大公害

由于民族分裂主义影响世界的和平与稳定,威胁着人民生命财产的安全,阻碍了社会经济发展,我们认为,民族分裂主义已成为当今世界的一大公害。     

篮球运动社会文化意义的探析

篮球运动的意义已不再限于体育与游戏的范畴 ,越来越多地被赋于社会文化的意义。探讨篮球运动的社会文化意义 ,是要在更高的层次上理解它、认识它 ,挖掘它对社会、对人的文化价值 ,使人们在运动实践中潜移默化地受到文化启示和熏陶     

木球运动健身价值的初探

为探讨木球运动的健身价值。对广州体育学院 3 6名学生 (青年组 )和 1 1名中老年木球爱好者 ,进行木球基本技术训练和比赛前后有关生理指标的测试。结果表明 ,青年组在 1 0次控制球和长球练习后 ,心率增加 ,握力下降 ,其变化依次为长球 >控制球 >攻门 ,运动强度达到中等程度。老年组比赛全程心率监测显示每一时段心率均值在 1 0 0～ 1 2 0T/min之间 ,表明木球运动具有良好的健身价值