立定跳远落地姿态的合理性

对30名受试者正常和“外八”两种落地姿态立定跳远成绩、走路步向角、踝关节内收、外展等动肌力测试,探讨“外八”姿态落地对立定跳远成绩的影响。结果发现：与正常姿态落地相比,立定跳远采用“外八”姿态落地对落地后身体稳定性的影响差异不具显著性;两种落地姿态的立定跳远成绩差异没有显著性;采用外八字姿态落地,50%(男8人,女7人)成绩下降,幅度为0.05 m,33.3%(男4人,女6人)成绩上升,幅度为0.07 m,百分率和升降幅度差异均不具显著性;采用外八字姿态落地立定跳远成绩升降幅度与步向角,踝关节快、慢速外展最大幅度均中等程度相关(P<0.05)。结果说明：与正常落地姿态相比,外八字落地姿态立定跳远的成绩升或降因人而异,与受试者步向角,踝关节快、慢速外展的最大幅度呈中等程度相关,步向角越小,踝关节外展最大幅度越大,采用外八字姿态落地立定跳远的成绩提高的几率越大。     

Visual and postural control of an arbitrary posture: The handstand

Abstract

The aim of this study was to increase our understanding of postural regulation by analysing an arbitrary posture – the handstand. We assessed the relative influence of peripheral vision and central visual anchoring on the postural balance of gymnasts in the inverted-stand posture. Displacements of the centre of pressure, the angles between the body segments, and the gymnast's height in the handstand were analysed. Postural regulation in the handstand appeared to be organized according to a system similar to that in erect posture, with three articular levels suggesting the existence of a typical organization of human posture. Moreover, both intra-modal (central and peripheral vision) and inter-modal sensory systems (vision and other balance systems) contributed to the postural regulation. The results are interpreted in terms of an ecological approach to posture in which postural regulation can be considered as an emergent phenomenon.     

青少年异常身体姿势现状的特征分析

青少年身体健康内容之一有养成正确站、立、走的姿势,拥有正确优美的身体姿势,有利于身体健康和形体美,是青少年全面素质教育的重要内容。鉴于此,为了更全面准确的测量身体姿势,我们把学生的习惯姿势和提示后的姿势都进行测量,即在自然立正站立和提示立正站立两种站姿的情况下,对身体姿势进行测量分析,探讨青少年探颈、驼背、O型腿和X型腿的发生率及其规律;并把不同年龄、不同性别、不同站姿、不同区域进行横向和终向比较分析,找出异常身体姿势发生的特点,为预防异常身体姿势和发现纠正异常身体姿势的最佳时期提供一定的依据。     

孙子兵法在企业经营管理中的科学解读与运用

孙子兵法在军事领域与非军事领域有四个结合点:讲究物质力量,不求鬼神;关注势的大小,利用势转化出来的破坏力;敌军是创造活动指向的客观对象;把握"地与兵形"、"地与吏卒"、"地与敌军"、"兵形与吏卒"、"兵形与敌军"、"吏卒与敌军"等六大关系驾驶兵形。以企业经营活动为例说明在非军事领域内运用孙子兵法应从上述四个方面入手。     

文化嵌入与集群企业创新网络演化的关联机制

集群企业创新网络的演化趋势在结构上主要体现在其开放性、层级性和节点类型的多样性等方面的变化,这种演化具有文化嵌入性的特点。研究表明文化嵌入的内容及嵌入程度上的差异均会导致集群企业创新网络演化趋势的强弱程度上的差异。而文化嵌入对创新网络演化的这一影响的内在作用机制体现为集群企业创新战略姿态的中介机制,即创新战略姿态中的创新性、前瞻性和风险性等三个维度分别不同程度地中介了文化嵌入对创新网络演化趋势特征显著程度的影响。     

单项任务与双重任务条件下平衡训练提高老年人平衡能力比较研究

目的:研究不同平衡训练方法对提高老年人抗摔倒平衡能力影响.方法:通过对36名分为单项平衡训练组(ST)、固定双重任务训练组(FP)和不定双重任务训练组(VP)健康老年人(70.65±5.48岁),进行为期8周、每周3次、每次45min的不同方法的平衡训练.在训练前、后分别进行BBS、TUG、ABC、SOT、LOS指标测试,进行统计分析讨论.结果:在CDP标准测试条件下SOT、BBS、ABC测试,3组训练后都有显著提高,P＜0.05,FP、VP组比单项任务组明显高,FP组P＜0.05、VP组P＜0.001.LOS测试,3个对照组测试结果无统计学显著性差异.TUG测试,3组训练后都有显著降低,P＜0.05,FP、VP组比单项任务组明显降低,FP组P＜0.05、VP组P＜0.001.VP组比FP组测试指标表现出更好的平衡功能.结论:单项任务的平衡训练可以使老年人在双重任务条件下的表现部分提高,而双重任务条件下的平衡训练表现能更好地优化老年人在双重任务条件下的稳定性.VP条件下双重任务训练,注意力同时分配在认识与平衡任务上,是最佳化提高老年人平衡功能、防摔倒的训练方法.     

太极拳"势名"考释

基于进一步规范太极拳"势名"及其英文表述形式的目的,从传播学的视角,考证了太极拳"势名"的文化特 质;阐释了其文字符号的内涵及所表达的动作图景;指出了目前太极拳"势名"英文翻译中的错误,同时,提出了对部 分太极拳"势名"英文表述的商榷意见。旨在从术语概念上,力求太极拳文化信息传播的准确性和完整性。     

‘Lessons Learned’ from introducing universal strategies designed to support the motor and functional skills of Reception and Year 1 children in a sample of primary schools in South East England

This article describes an evaluation of universal resources designed to support motor development in Reception and Year 1 children. Four schools (Year R–Year 6) in the South East of England, three with high numbers of disadvantaged children participated. Senior leadership influenced take up of the initiative. Health and well-being practitioners and occupational therapy students contributed to ‘roll out’ of the resources with support provided by the authors over 12 weeks. Interview and focus group data from participating staff were gathered alongside examples of schoolwork from pupils. School staff needed access to support when incorporating universal strategies. The initiative contributed to schools working towards Healthy Schools targets. At the end of 12 weeks, improvements in children's sitting position, handwriting and lunchtime skills were noted, warranting further exploration of this approach to address the needs of children with poor motor skills at school entry.     

全身振动训练对老年人姿势控制能力影响的实验研究

主要通过8周全身振动训练练习,探讨对老年人姿势控制能力的改善效应。24名老年人被随机分为实验组和对照组,分别进行8周,每周3次,每次30min的全身振动训练和常规阻力训练。研究结果表明,8周全身振动力量练习,能够有效改善老年人的姿势控制能力水平,其中对于本体感觉和前庭功能的改善作用尤其明显,有利于老年人在行走过程中维持身体的动态平衡,降低跌倒的风险。     

解读萧红的叛逆姿态

逃逸是萧红对现实世界所做出的一种叛逆姿态,也是她躲避苦难的程式.为了反抗父权的钳制,她离家出走;为了逃脱男权的樊篱,她选择离异;为了逸出主流创作话语的制约,她主动将自己放逐到边缘.萧红通过富有女性特征的书写,言说独特的生命感悟,并以此来打开自我救赎的通道.