庄子的自由理念

庄子所关注的核心问题是：人只有以其通达的精神来超越现实世界．回归绝对的自然世界．才能获得无限的自由和心灵的真正的平安。他在语言上常用悖论的逻辑、夸张的寓言故事和诗化的语言．在认识上常用自证、体认和内观的方法．其目的是为了摆脱物的羁绊成就自由自在或通达无碍的人生。也就是说．任何一种手段和方法都是为这一共同目的服务的。因此我们要注重庄子的这个真谛，不要拘泥于他的手法。这叫“得鱼忘筌”。     

清初山左遗民诗群的分布态势与创作特征

明清之际频繁的诗人社事和深厚的诗化氛围,促成了山左遗民诗群创作的盛况;而清初的政治和军事局势,对于这个诗群成员处世心态的选择与人格类型的形成有过不可低估的影响。由于相同或相近的处世态度和人格特点所决定,山左遗民诗群也呈现出较为一致的创作特征。     

话本小说中高僧坐化的叙事效应

明清话本小说有诸多作品叙写了高僧坐化一事。从坐化特点看,高僧坐化吻合了人类学中“通过礼仪”理论,是一个通过仪式,象征了一个人生命修炼的过程。这一行为仪式具有塑造人物的立体性格、扩张故事的叙述方式、强化作品的教化功能等叙事效应。     

Influence of lower leg muscle fatigue on the centre of pressure in a static upright posture

Abstract

We examined the influence of fatigue in the lower leg muscles on the centre of pressure sway during a static upright posture. Twelve healthy young men and women completed the exercise stress test on the triceps surae muscle and continued the exercise until their muscles were fatigued. A centre of pressure sway of 1 min was carried out in a Romberg posture at rest and at different instants after fatiguing exercise: immediately after, 5 min after, and 10 min after exercise. Blood lactate concentration was measured from fingertip samples taken before and immediately after exercise. To evaluate body sway, the following four centre of pressure sway factors were selected: unit time sway, front–back sway, left–right sway, and high-frequency band power spectrum. The measurement device used was an Anima stabilometer (G5500). The data sampling frequency was 20 Hz. After exercise, blood lactate concentration was increased. Significant differences were observed in unit time sway, front–back sway, and high-frequency band power spectrum immediately after exercise. These values eventually returned to baseline levels 5 min after fatiguing exercise.     

核心力量对游泳运动员身体姿势影响因素分析

根据国内外相关文献研究,结合运动生物力学原理,探究核心力量训练对游泳运动员身体位置的作用及训练方法,筛选出更适用于游泳项目的核心力量训练方法,着重强调指导基层二线或三线运动员力量训练。     

Patterns of Lower Limb Muscle Activity in Young Boys during a One Foot Static Balance Task

Abstract

Activity patterns of four major muscles were studied in the support leg during a standard one foot balance test. Electromyographic (EMG) activity of the tibialis anterior (TA), peroneus longus (PL), gluteus medius (GM), and adductor magnus (AM) was recorded from 10 boys (aged 7-9 yr) during 30 s balance trials. Rectified, low-pass filtered EMG data, converted to percentages of maximum contractions, were used to establish muscle activation patterns. The results showed that lateral shifts in balance were primarily mediated by the ankle musculature, while the hip muscles appeared to stabilize the pelvis. Immediately prior to lateral shifts of the center of pressure (COP), the activity of each ankle muscle was similar to the activity of the following pose. The hip muscles, however, were not consistently linked to ankle activity. Thus, the control of one-legged lateral balance does not rely on fixed hip-ankle synergies.     

背包对青少年平衡、身体姿势及步态影响的研究进展

综述近年来国内外学者对背包影响青少年平衡能力、身体姿势及步态的研究成果。研究认为,目前学者们对背包影响青少年平衡、身体姿势及步态的研究主要集中在背包不同载荷对其的影响,对不同负重位置及不同背包方式影响青少年平衡、身体姿势和步态的研究相对较少。而国内学者在背包对以上3方面的影响研究却是少之又少,提示学者们对此方向可进行深入研究与探讨,为人们合理背包和防治防止防止背包给人体带来的损伤提供理论支撑。     

男子跳远一、二级运动员起跳阶段身体姿位的比较

为了比较不同级别男子跳远运动员起跳阶段"身体姿位"参量的异同,采用文献资料法、摄像解析法和数理统计法,对男子跳远一、二级运动员起跳阶段的着板角、蹬离角、起蹬夹角、腾起角以及起跳腿髋关节、膝关节在三个运动时相(着板时、最大缓冲时、蹬离时)的角度或运动幅度进行比较.结果表明:"身体姿位"参量是影响动作技术效果的最基本因素;一级跳远运动员的着板角度、蹬离角度、着板时膝关节角度、最大缓冲时刻膝关节角度、蹬离时膝关节角度以及髋关节伸展幅度均大于二级运动员的,腾起角之间的差异不具备统计显著性;"高跳型"是当今世界跳远技术的发展趋势,在细节方面,要求运动员避免髋关节的屈曲幅度,适当增大着板角度、蹬离角度、着地时膝关节角度、最大缓冲时刻膝关节角度和蹬离时膝关节角度.     

三毛的创作姿态与文体选择

对于台湾女作家三毛而言,写作构成她独特的生命方式。与那种负有严肃使命感的作家不同,三毛是以自由自在的“游于艺”姿态从事写作的。她所采用的“私小说”文体,在人生经历的写真实录,自我灵魂与生命个性的张扬等方面,更具有女性文体的写作意义     

The geometric curvature of the spine during the sirshasana,the yoga’s headstand

This study analysed the behaviour of the geometric curvature of the spine during sirshasana. The position of dorsal retroreflective markers was computed via stereophotogrammetric analysis in six males and five females (29.4 ± 8.8 years, 63.0 ± 11.4 kg, 1.66 ± 0.08 m [average ± standard deviation]). The spinal points were projected onto the sagittal and frontal planes of the trunk, a polynomial was fitted to the data and the two-dimensional geometric curvature was quantified. The inferior lumbar lordosis decreased compared to the orthostatic position and gait, which may favour the posterior protrusion of the lumbar spinal nucleus pulposus in people with posterior herniation. The lateral deviation at the middle of the thoracic spine increases during sirshasana, which may reflect increased difficulties for postural control and spinal loads. It could be useful for promoting positive spinal structural and functional chronic adaptations for healthy participants, if the yoga programme is carefully planned and the spinal alignment is carefully monitored during a headstand. However, it may aggravate some spinal diseases, especially scoliosis.