Preparing for Renovation: Estimating Shelf Occupancy to Inform Decision Making Regarding the Redevelopment of Library Space

University Library at Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis is in the process of repurposing space currently occupied by the print collection. To prepare for further reallocation of library space, reliable estimates of stacks space were needed. Two members of the Access Services Team applied systematic random sampling to estimate existing—and anticipated—empty shelf space. Results indicate that more than 30% of the shelf space is empty, while over 25% is occupied by journals, most of which are available in electronic format. These estimates would be used to inform decision making about shifting and/or withdrawal of library materials in preparation for the renovation of additional library spaces. The data-gathering process as well as data analysis and application used during the project may be applicable in other academic libraries.     

A re-examination of the benefits of exercise for state body satisfaction: Consideration of individual difference factors

Abstract

Although the link between exercise and body image is well documented, the considerable inter-individual variability in this relationship has been largely ignored. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to test the contributions of key body image and exercise-related moderators (age, body mass index (BMI), exercise frequency, trait body dissatisfaction, internalisation of appearance standards, and body surveillance tendencies) in predicting variability in the exercise-body satisfaction relationship. Thirty-seven undergraduate women completed a questionnaire containing the above trait-based measures and then carried a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) for a 7-day period. Participants were instructed to use the PDA to self-report their state body satisfaction immediately following an exercise session and also when the PDA signalled at each of six random intervals throughout the day. Multilevel modelling revealed a bi-directional relationship between exercise and state body satisfaction. Moreover, post-exercise increases in state body satisfaction were strongest for individuals who were younger and engaged in regular exercise, and weakest for individuals with high BMI and/or the tendency to compare their appearance with others. These findings highlight potential limits on the efficacy of exercise-based therapy for body image disturbances.     

Investigating Situational Interest in Primary Science Lessons

Pupils’ interest has been one of the major concerns in science education research because it can be seen as a gateway to more personalised forms of interest and motivation. However, methods to investigate situational interest in science teaching and learning are not broadly examined. This study compares the pupils’ observed situational interest and their expressed situational interest. One class of Finnish fourth-graders (N?=?22, age 9–10 years) participated in a heat transfer lesson. The lesson encompassed an interactive demonstration with a thermal camera, teacher-led discussions and the conduct and presentation of a collaborative inquiry task. Pupils expressed their interest levels (scale: 1?=?very boring, 5?=?very interesting) by using an electronic response system called a ‘clicker’. The measurement took place 15 times during the lesson, with 1 measurement being just a rehearsal. The lesson was video recorded, and visible aspects of interest at the measurement time points were analysed. Reported and observational data were compared. In most cases, the observations did not yield data compatible with the pupils’ own evaluations, indicating that most pupils’ expressed interest is not easily interpreted through observation of their facial expressions and behaviour. In general, the interest of the group as a whole seems to diminish during the lesson. We argue that in order to maintain and increase pupils’ interest, their evaluations should be taken into account in lesson planning. Video-based research might also be further enriched and validated by employing the participants’ own expressions. The clicker is a suitable means of collecting primary pupils’ experiences concerning their interest levels.     

一种基于DBS的聚类算法

随着网络的普及和信息量的急剧增加,从海量数据中提取有用的数据信息已迫在眉睫。本文提出了一种基于密度偏差抽样的聚类算法,实验表明,随着信息量、数据维数的增加,该算法聚类的正确率以及对数据的处理速度都要较传统的聚类算法有所提高。     

一种改进不规则采样信号频谱分辨率的算法

不规则采样信号的谱估计是时间序列分析中的一个重要问题。为改进不规则采样信号谱估计的分辨率,提出了一种抑制非均匀离散傅里叶变换频谱泄漏的算法,通过迭代非线性估计实现不规则采样信号离散傅里叶变换的计算。实际计算试验结果显示,这种方法能有效地抑制非均匀离散傅里叶变换结果中的频谱泄漏,提高DFT频谱的分辨率。     

基于中频采样的星载合成孔径雷达的数据处理

研究了基于中频采样的星载合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture RADAR, SAR)数据处理技术及其FPGA实现. 常规星载SAR系统对模拟解调后的视频数据进行采样,然后对数据进行压缩和格式化处理并下传. 采用中频采样技术实现星载SAR数据的正交解调和处理,对数字正交解调算法和合成孔径雷达BAQ压缩算法进行分析,完成FPGA的硬件设计和仿真. 结果表明,基于FPGA实现星载SAR中频采样的数据处理方法可行. 与传统模拟方法相比,中频采样系统性能和可靠性都有提高,是未来星载SAR数据处理的发展趋势.     

混合教学模式下程序设计课程在线实践探索

程序设计课程的实践能力是衡量课程教学效果的关键因素,为促进实践能力培养,在混合式教学模式下设计多层次的实践内容,采用大规模在线实践（Massive Online Open Practice, MOOP）的思路,运用案例点评、边讲边练、边做边评等多种实践形式,通过多点化成绩取样、代码相似度检测等功能以增强实践能力评价的客观性,该方法有较好的培养效果及可操作性,可以改变课程现有的实践能力培养的不足。     

合理定价评审抽取法负面效应及优化建议

工程招投标市场在近十年呈快速动态发展,静态的法规不可能恒定地全面符合其发展,因此一些地区政府在招投标工作中试行了合理定价评审抽取法。该办法适当简化了评标程序,易于操作,但同时也促使一些企业出现了靠概率和运气生存、降低了企业整体能动力等负面作用。该办法需要经历动态的试用和自我调整与完善,使其更合理有效地发挥优胜劣汰的市场竞争机制,促使招投标工作更优质地服务于工程市场。     

Beneficial effect of enriched air nitrox on bubble formation during scuba diving. An open-water study

Bubble formation during scuba diving might induce decompression sickness.

This prospective randomised and double-blind study included 108 advanced recreational divers (38 females). Fifty-four pairs of divers, 1 breathing air and the other breathing nitrox28 undertook a standardised dive (24 ± 1 msw; 62 ± 5min) in the Red Sea. Venous gas bubbles were counted (Doppler) 30–<45 min (early) and 45–60 min (late) post-dive at jugular, subclavian and femoral sites.

Only 7% (air) vs. 11% (air28®) (n.s.) were bubble-free after a dive. Independent of sampling time and breathing gas, there were more bubbles in the jugular than in the femoral vein. More bubbles were counted in the air-group than in the air28-group (pooled vein: early: 1845 vs. 948; P = 0.047, late: 1817 vs. 953; P = 0.088). The number of bubbles was sex-dependent. Lastly, 29% of female air divers but only 14% of male divers were bubble-free (P = 0.058).

Air28® helps to reduce venous gas emboli in recreational divers. The bubble number depended on the breathing gas, sampling site and sex. Thus, both exact reporting the dive and in particular standardising sampling characteristics seem mandatory to compare results from different studies to further investigate the hitherto incoherent relation between inert gas bubbles and DCS.