女性私人健身教练从业限制因素模型构建与分析

运用文献资料法、调查法和逻辑分析法,对女性私人健身教练从业限制因素进行研究。利用访谈和问卷调查获得的数据,构建了女性私教从业限制因素的结构模型,并采用验证性因素分析对模型进行检验。结果显示：限制女性私教从业的因素主要包括个人限制因素、人际限制因素和企业限制因素,构建的三因素结构模型各项指标拟合度良好,结构稳定,可以为促进女性私人健身教练从业提供参考。进而从三个因素的角度,提出促进女性私教从业的建议,包括女性私教合理规划个人职业生涯,坚定从业信念;家人、同伴转变观念,提升女性私教的社会支持;健身企业切实履行对员工的社会责任,增强女性私教的工作满意度和企业认同感。     

Fear as political dynamics: Chinese peasant workers’ struggle over social security

This article attempts to understand the subject formation of Chinese peasant workers by exploring the emotional dynamics of their struggle for social security, in particular, the new political possibilities created by emotional forces, and the complex ways they experience and articulate the distinctive kind of emotional politics that binds peasant workers with the state in their co-production of emotionally charged power relations, identities, and subjectivities. It formulates an analytical framework that explores the emotional politics of fear that plays out in the context of economic restructuring. In contemporary China, the conflict triggered by social insurance contributions has become a component of the ensuing social crisis, where many protest events are triggered by widespread outrage at the violation of legal rights to social insurance and other welfare security. This research focuses on the struggle of a group of peasant workers at a UNIQLO supplier in Shenzhen, exploring how their fears for the future are constituted, and how their emotional feelings of insecurity motivate collective action and reconfigure their emotional identity and subjectivity in the face of extreme risk. Informed by a relational understanding of emotions, this paper investigates the complex ways in which the proliferation of fear, as a result of an anticipated pain in the future, articulates the process of subject-making in the face of increasing instability and precarity. The study attempts to demonstrate the centrality of fear for China’s sociopolitical order and the radical action of labor resistance.     

草根体育组织规范化发展研究——以我国跑团为例

以我国草根组织中的典型组织——跑团为例,分析了我国跑团兴起的主要原因,发展过程中存在的问题：跑团内部机制不健全,治理方式滞后;缺乏稳定的社会资源;政府职能部门引导、扶持不力;相关的规章制度、法律不够完善;较难获得合法身份致使发展受阻,缺少主管单位监督和行业自律;跑团存在多种安全隐患;对于各种跑团社交软件及社交平台的管理不够。据此提出了对策：对跑团进行分级分类管理,充分发挥中国田协的指导与监督作用,政府部门不断完善跑步公共服务体系,加强跑团制度建设与规范管理,健全安全健康监管保障体系。     

我国男生引体向上“零”分探因:基于三角互证的研究策略

我国多数男生引体向上得"零"分,使上肢力量测评出现"地板效应"。采用量化研究和质性研究两种范式提高研究效度。量化研究对学生体质与健康调研数据和监测数据进行方差分析、多重比较和回归分析,结果表明：（1）每5~10年,男生的握力、体重、身高、BMI、引体向上均值差异显著;（2）年龄、握力、体重、身高、BMI分别显著预测引体向上成绩,体重和握力是影响我国男生引体向上成绩的主要影响因素。质性研究结果表明,引体向上"零"分主要有四个方面的原因：体重增长难挡,力量增长受限,个体认知偏差,社会支持薄弱。结论：我国男生引体向上"零"分的首要原因是体重增长较快,其次,主要肌群绝对力量和耐力增长不足,男生对引体向上的认知有偏差,学校、家长、社会支持较弱;借助政策控制体重、发展肌力、完善测评标准、促进男生积极练习引体向上十分重要。     

锻炼社会支持量表的编制与信效度检验

有规律的体育锻炼对人们的身心健康具有积极的促进作用,而社会支持是影响锻炼行为的重要相关因素。因此本研究的目的在于编制和检验锻炼社会支持量表。通过结合现有研究文献和质性研究,确立了初测量表,并通过两轮定量研究,应用探索性和验证性因子分析,信度分析以及校标效度检验对该量表进行了标准化的信效度检验。结果表明锻炼社会支持量表由4个因子构成,即情感性支持、信息性支持、工具性支持、同伴性支持,共24个条目。统计分析显示,量表具有良好的结构效度、内部一致性、重测信度和校标效度。锻炼社会支持量表符合我国文化背景,可以作为在中国人群中进行锻炼社会支持测量的工具。     

我国体育健身产业研究：“十二五”回顾与“十三五”前瞻

以文献研究、理论分析为主要研究方法,对“十二五”期间我国体育健身产业研究现状进行了回顾,并对“十三五”期间的研究主题进行了瞻望。研究认为,“十二五”期间我国体育健身产业研究既取得了一定的成绩,也存在一些问题,突出表现在研究力度不大、理论借鉴不足、对市场需求关注不够等方面。在此基础上,结合国家政策以及体育健身产业的发展趋势,提出了“十三五”期间的主要研究议题,包括体育健身产业供给侧结构性改革研究、“互联网+”背景下体育健身产业研究、社会资本视角下体育健身企业发展研究以及区域体育健身产业协同发展研究等4个方面。     

融入与解放：社会化视域下的体育休闲

从个体社会化的理论视角,阐述了社会化的内涵以及中国人个体社会化的特点.指出,体育休闲是个体社会化的一种途径,它可以促进参与者社会互动交往和社会群体融入,帮助参与者更好地适应社会角色和解放个体身心,有助于参与者提升自我实践能力和养成责任意识;以"广场舞"跑吧"驴友"三项体育休闲活动为例,具体分析其对于参与者个体社会化所具有的价值和所发挥的作用,认为应注意近年来体育休闲中出现的问题,合理管控不利因素,推动国民体育休闲水平的进一步提升.     

北京区（县）体育社会组织的现状调查与分析

体育社会组织是群众体育发展的结构性支撑,在中国体育社会组织整体架构中,区（县）级体育社会组织是组织群众体育活动开展的重要平台。运用社会调查法、文献资料法和逻辑分析法,对北京市区（县）体育社会组织的基本情况进行调查,认为北京市体育社会化改革取得了长足进展,但真正实现政社分离还任重道远;体育社会组织对政府的依赖性较强,市场开发能力、向社会争取资源的能力有待提高,政府购买服务的制度尚需进一步完善。从体育社会组织加强自身能力建设,体育总会发挥相应作用、做好服务,以及政府切实做好培育与扶持工作三方面提出改善建议     

Social inclusivity,cultural diversity and online film consumption

It has been argued that the circulation of film online is a “democratising process”, evident in the breadth and depth of international film now available online, and in the greater ease of access to this content for audiences across the world. This is seen by some to present greater commercial opportunities for film-making from countries marginalised by previous distribution networks, and to foster a more globally diverse and inclusive film-viewing culture, with particular benefits for diasporic populations. Others, however, have pointed to the way in which audiences’ engagement with film online may be constrained by the economics and technology of online distribution and cultural competencies rooted in social stratification. These factors may limit how and what audiences watch, extending beyond issues of physical access to those of cultural access. As such, they raise questions regarding the demographic composition of the audience for online methods of film distribution and different types of international film. We lack sufficient understanding of these issues, however, due to the limited emphasis upon socio-demographic variables in existing academic research into online film consumption, and the limited consideration of particular film content in relevant market research. This article uses original audience research to interrogate the extent to which online distribution is able to connect audiences to a diversity of international film in comparison to other methods of distribution. It also considers some of the socio-demographic characteristics of the audiences for different methods of distribution and types of international film. In doing so, the article grants us a clearer understanding of the degree to which online film distribution fosters diversity and inclusivity through the connections it facilitates between audiences and content.     

Designing policy: collaborative policy development within the context of the European capital of culture bid process

ABSTRACT

How do ideas become policies? What route do they take from inception to implementation and what criteria are used to evaluate one set of proposals against another? This paper examines the development of the Creative Work Fellowship policy proposal in Limerick, tracing the origins of the idea, itself a contended and negotiated object, from discussions between academics and policy-makers through to scoping, pitching and scaling the policy to its eventual users. This policy idea was designed during the Intelligence Unit (IU) commissioned by Limerick2020 as part of the city’s bid to become European Capital of Culture in 2020. The IU took the form of a policy think-tank, tasked with generating insights, ideas and policy proposals into the place of culture within Limerick city and region. The IU structure created a set of actors and an epistemic community capable of both generating and using ideas effectively, chiefly through two mechanisms. The first involved a robust critique and rebuilding process that every element of the policy was exposed to; the second involved feedback from interested parties at specific stages in the process. This created a series of “policy entrepreneurs” capable of taking a fully costed and modelled policy suggestion to government. The findings presented in the paper include an analysis of the collaborative nature of this policy development process, Based on this framework, we also consider the role of the European City of Culture bid process as catalyst for policy development in a regional context, and present findings on this subject.