辛亥革命以来太平天国妇女社会生活问题学术研究综述——太平天国妇女问题百年学术研究综述之三

辛亥百年以来,虽然有学者对太平天国妇女社会生活问题有不同的看法,但出于阶级斗争和政治斗争的需要,学界对太平天国严别男女、婚姻家庭、妇女自由、妇女服饰、禁婢女、禁娼妓和禁缠足等社会生活方面的问题都给予了高度的评价,肯定的观点一直占据学界主流地位。20世纪80年代以后,有不少的学者认为其存在其两面性和落后性,甚至否定的观点也越来越多,成为新时期学界不可忽视的一种新的潮流。     

两个不同阶层中国人公平取向的实验研究

以程序公平和分配公平的假设情景进行实验研究,探讨当前中国社会不同阶层的公平取向。结果表明知识分子阶层与农民工阶层在程序公平和分配公平的情景选择取向上没有差异,但是在程序公平感的得分上,前者显著高于后者,而在分配公平感的得分上,则是后者显著高于前者。同时,本研究也表明大部分在城市生活了较长一段时间的农民工和知识分子阶层均对程序公平有明显的认知,但前者对此缺乏深层次的理解。     

情感过滤假设在计算机辅助语言教学中的应用

情感过滤在第二语言习得过程中起着非常关键的作用。情感过滤程度的高低往往决定着第二语言学习者习得第二语言的程度。以克拉申的情感过滤假设为基础,阐述了在大学英语计算机辅助教学中,教师该如何激发学生学习动机、帮助学生建立自信心、保持适当焦虑,从而将情感过滤降到最低点,成功实现语言习得。     

图书馆品牌的社会价值研究

现代社会的图书馆担负着信息传递、教育引导、资料保存和消遣娱乐等多种职能,建设品牌、推广品牌是实现图书馆社会职能的重要战略.图书馆品牌建设应适应社会政治经济发展的需要,在产品和服务上突出文化教育特色,充分实现其教育价值、存储价值和休闲价值.     

教育公平理念的演进历程及其时代特性

教育公平是一个古老的理念,它是社会公平价值理论在教育领域的延伸和体现。通过对东西方古典哲学家教育公平理念的追溯,对西方社会学理论流派教育公平思想的分析,结合马克思和恩格斯教育公平思想的论述,探讨教育公平理念在时代长河的演进历程,并结合时代特性探讨教育公平与构建社会主义和谐社会的互动关系。     

Examining the effects of news coverage linking undocumented immigrants with criminality: Policy and punitive implications

Although research suggests that there is no meaningful real-world connection between crime rates and undocumented immigrants, media coverage of this group almost exclusively portrays them as criminals. The present two-study investigation experimentally tests the effects of exposure to crime news depicting undocumented immigrant suspects on White viewers’ social judgments. To this end, assumptions from social identity theory were applied to research and theorizing on mediated intergroup threat and compound penalties for immigrant criminality. Results from Study 1 and Study 2 indicate that when White viewers are exposed to threatening crime news featuring undocumented immigrants, out-group bias emerges in the form of harsher sentencing. In Study 1, when exposed to highly threatening coverage, attitudes toward immigration and in-group identification partially mediated and moderated this relationship, respectively.     

Reinforcing attitudes in a gatewatching news era: Individual-level antecedents to sharing fact-checks on social media

Despite the prevalence of fact-checking, little is known about who posts fact-checks online. Based upon a content analysis of Facebook and Twitter digital trace data and a linked online survey (N?=?783), this study reveals that sharing fact-checks in political conversations on social media is linked to age, ideology, and political behaviors. Moreover, an individual’s need for orientation (NFO) is an even stronger predictor of sharing a fact-check than ideological intensity or relevance, alone, and also influences the type of fact-check format (with or without a rating scale) that is shared. Finally, participants generally shared fact-checks to reinforce their existing attitudes. Consequently, concerns over the effects of fact-checking should move beyond a limited-effects approach (e.g., changing attitudes) to also include reinforcing accurate beliefs.     

Personal ties,group ties and latent ties: connecting network size to diversity and trust in the mobile social network WeChat

This study examines whether and how network size is associated with diversity and trust in the mobile SNS context. Online survey data (N?=?327) on Chinese WeChat users reveal that both personal network size and extended network size are positively related to the diversity of people’s social networks. We believe the explanation for these findings may be that the affordances of WeChat provide users opportunities to accumulate a wide spectrum of relations ranging from strong ties, weak ties to latent ties and thus a larger network can enable them to access to more diverse resources. We also find that extended network size is negatively related to people’s trust in their WeChat contacts. We argue that the increasing size of the extended network may reduce familiarity, certainty and accountability that assumed to be prerequisites of trust.     

News audience fragmentation in the Japanese Twittersphere

ABSTRACT

Although computational approaches to ideology-based audience fragmentation are promising, they are not without limitations. First, most existing studies have focused on the US, and the cross-national validity of their results has rarely been tested. Second, previous studies that rely solely on behavioral data from social media tend to make strong analytical assumptions such as that Twitter users prefer to follow media and politicians whose ideological positions are similar to their own, and that the ideologies of political elites can be extrapolated to infer the ideologies of ordinary users. We aim to address these limitations. First, we focus on Japan to test the generalizability of US findings in an Asian context. Second, we do not rely solely on behavioral measurement but combine survey and social media data to infer the ideologies of Twitter users. Results indicate that our classifier built based on these self-reported ideologies produces more valid estimates than naïve extrapolation from views of the elites. Based on these improved estimates of Twitter users’ ideologies, we demonstrate that the ideological distributions of those who follow major Japanese media accounts on Twitter largely overlap, suggesting an absence of ideology-based audience fragmentation.     

论人的本质对技术社会效应的决定性

人的本质是和合炼世,它既体现了人与自然的关系,又体现了人与人的关系即人类社会关系;它既是实践的源泉和动力,也是人类社会生产关系的基础和实质,并且是人的创造能力的来源。技术是生产力,也是实践活动展开的基础,处于主体与客体世界的中介地位,它支撑着实践目的的有效实现,但是,技术在人类目的性活动过程中所发挥的作用是由人的本质决定的。