Methods for studying family visitors in art museums: A cross-disciplinary review of current research

This paper examines current trends in family studies research, details the methodological and topical perspectives that are emerging, and reflects on how these findings could be integrated to provide a more coherent approach to researching the leisure, learning and recreational aspects of family visitors to art museums. Research findings from disciplines such as sociology, ethnography, education, design and marketing are of interest to the field of visitor studies, and this paper contributes to the wider research agenda by providing an overview of family research methods from a range of other disciplines, as well as those used within visitor studies.Over the last decade, there has been a growth of research in family learning in science museums, leading to an emerging disciplinary matrix, whilst many aspects of family visits to art museums remain relatively unexplored. The paper discusses the problems of gathering meaningful data from adults and children in family groups, and concludes by suggesting that a challenge for art museums is to learn from what is happening in other areas of cultural research into families, and to develop a framework for research which builds on the methodological strengths and practical experience of robust studies.     

The terrible gift: Museums and the possibility of hope without consolation

Public history is turned toward the future no less than the past. Little discussion exists as to how practices of public history might foster new ways to live with the presence of history. Museum exhibitions are one site where such discussions may take place. Particularly generative in this regard are exhibitions that present artifacts and documentation that reference state-sponsored violence. One such exhibition in development is discussed. While this exhibition presents evidence of past events, it also assembles traces of the past and bequeaths them as a testament, “a terrible gift” that places difficult demands on those to whom it has been given. In discussing the practices of inheritance initiated by such a gift implications are drawn for how museums might initiate a reconsideration of the force of history in social life.     

日本《图书馆员伦理纲领》的核心理念与实施现状

详述20世纪60年代-80年代初日本《图书馆员伦理纲领》的制订经过、历史背景;从专门职业制度与伦理纲领之间 的关系、获知自由与伦理纲领之间的关系、现代专门职业理论与伦理纲领之间的关系等3个方面,论述日本《图书馆员伦理纲 领》的核心理念、性质、局限和实施现状。     

从五十年馆藏西文文献看国外藏学研究及藏学文献的发展

通过对馆藏西文藏学文献的分析,以点带面,概括出国外对藏学研究及国外出版的藏学文献的特色、意义和今后的发展方向,以及国内在收藏和利用国外有关文献时应注意的问题,从而为藏学研究工作者提供更好的文献资源服务。     

《海国图志》的作者及版本研究

魏源(1794一1857年)是近代初期的思想家、史学家、经学家.其编著的<海国图志>是极负盛名的介绍世界历史、地理的巨著,对近代中国社会的近代化产生过很大的影响.     

古代苏州藏书家以抄书保存流传典籍功绩评述

论文从苏州藏书家刻苦自抄、精校精抄等方面评述了藏书家保存流传中华文化典籍的功绩。     

近代图书馆活动中心的形成和转移之分析

对近代图书馆活动中心的形成和转移进行了分析研究,其形成与转移过程为意大利———英国———法国———德国———美国,并对形成与转移的原因作了阐述。     

Excluding archival silences: Oral history and historical absence

Despite our society's increasing reliance on electronic documentation, to-date archives remain, largely, material repositories of cultural memory. It is an accepted historical problematic, however, that culture is often resistant to material preservation. There exists an undeniable and profound tension between scholarly efforts to reconstruct history and interpret cultural traditions and the fragmentary, and often limited, material record. That is to say, scholarship is shaped by a sinuous negotiation around the historical silences that encompass all of material culture. Historical silences, however, can at times be marginalized (or at best excluded) by a sensitive configuration of material evidence with oral history.Excluding Archival Silences: Oral History and Historical Absence uses a historically and geographically specific example of oral history to engage in a more generalist discussion of how oral reflection, especially when shaped by material evidences, can be an especially effective tool for preserving the dynamics of culture that often remain undocumented.     

Child maltreatment reporting in the general population: Examining the roles of community,collective efficacy,and adverse childhood experiences

According to bystander theory, factors such as the community environment, collective efficacy, and history of adverse childhood experiences could be related to likelihood of reporting or intervening against maltreatment. An online survey was conducted with 946 general population Californians obtained through mixed-mode random probability and quota-based recruitment methods. Using an experimental vignette design, participants were randomly assigned to two scenarios: a) potential child abuse occurring in their neighborhood; b) potential child abuse in an unfamiliar neighborhood. Weighted multivariate logistic regression models assessed relationships between the vignette condition, collective efficacy, appraisal of the behavior, and likelihood of reporting or intervening. The results suggested that perceiving the vignette as occurring in your own neighborhood was associated with lower odds of viewing the behavior as appropriate and considering it abusive. Higher collective efficacy scores were associated with lower odds of viewing the incident as inappropriate but higher odds of personally intervening. Adverse childhood experiences were positively related to reporting the incident to child protective services and intervening. Bystanders may be more likely to give parents in their own neighborhood "the benefit of the doubt" by viewing their abusive behaviors as less severe, potentially leading to underreporting. Neighborhood collective efficacy might increase willingness to personally intervene, but not contact systems such as child protective services or police, suggesting that enhanced trust in communities does not extend to these institutions. Our findings have implications for neighborhood and education interventions to enhance understanding of and willingness to intervene on behalf of children.     

高校教师视角下的人文社会科学国际发表及其激励制度

在学术国际化和中国哲学社会科学"走出去"的背景下,越来越多的高校对教师发表SSCI和A&HCI论文进行激励。激励制度主要体现在物质奖励和学术评价两个层面。从对国内某研究型大学文科教师深度访谈的情况来看,高校教师对人文社会科学国际发表及其激励制度持不同意见,虽一般不反对对国际发表进行物质奖励,但他们对国际发表在学术评价中的地位的认识存在较大分歧。高校在实施人文社会科学国际发表激励制度的过程中应理解和尊重差异性的存在,关注国际化与本土化的平衡。