大学图书馆现代化的前沿课题和时代命题——《大学图书馆现代化指南针报告》解读

文章从大学图书馆现代化的六个前沿课题入手,对教育部高等学校图书情报工作指导委员会和北京大学图书馆合作研制的《大学图书馆现代化指南针报告》进行内容解读,并提出大学图书馆现代化的三个时代命题,以期为全国高校图书馆从业人员和研究人员深入理解和全面应用《大学图书馆现代化指南针报告》,开展大学图书馆现代化建设、规划、研究与评估提供重要参考。     

图书馆学研究对象的历史演变与成因分析

自图书馆学概念提出以来,已有二百多年的发展历史,依据不同历史阶段的研究主题,可将其研究对象划分为机构范式、社会学范式、信息范式、知识范式和人文范式五个阶段。不同研究范式反映了各个历史阶段研究热点或主题的变化,从中可以看出每个阶段图书馆学研究对象的演变与发展。总体上,图书馆学研究发生了三次大的转向:一是从技术、经验主义发展到理性主义;二是从静态的客体观演变为动态的过程观;三是从系统的结构主义转向更为本质的认知主义。图书馆学研究对象的演化,近似地遵循人类认知演化模型。图书馆学研究对象演变的成因,既有学科发展赖以生存的社会环境因素,又有学科内在因素,还有本学科认知主体因素。从我国图书馆学研究历程看,图书馆及其事业的发展对图书馆学研究对象影响较大,也是其演变发展的主要动因。图3。参考文献59。     

The Bedlam Academy

This article explores the polemical presentation of Oxford, the royalist capital between 1642 and 1646, in parliamentarian newsbooks. It argues that the novel seriality of the form offered opportunities for constructing political identities and identifying enemies through strategies of repetition and echoing within and across parliamentarian news media. Discussion of Oxford in these news titles suggests ways in which seriality helped establish and elaborate anti-royalist discourses by repeated reference to the corrupted centre of royalist politics. Sustained attention given to Oxford in weekly newsbooks built up a cumulative and complex picture of the city, and by extension royalism more broadly, as variously mired in Catholicism, subject to the damaging influence of female and foreign rule, riven by deviant sexualities, and possessed of a form of collective madness. The composite image of Oxford built up across parliamentarian news media helped construct a journalistic shorthand in which ‘Oxford’ came to denote a wealth of polemicised meanings readily accessible to comparatively humble readers. The article thus argues for a better recognition of the ways in which civil war news authors adopted the opportunities of serial publication for the elaboration of novel political stereotypes.     

Twitter and Television in a Hybrid Media System

By analyzing all of the keywords and hashtags that became Trending Topics (TTs) in the Italian Twittersphere during both an electoral period and a non-electoral period, we evaluated what Italian Twitter users discussed. We found that topics about actors and issues in the entertainment field (e.g., singers, Hollywood stars and television stars) drive Italian discussions and that the political sphere is a secondary topic that elicits minor arguments within users’ conversations. However, we believe that even this low level of discussion about politics was able to influence the public agenda, thanks to the advent of a hybrid media system in Italy. In fact, Italian print media and television constantly covered the individual tweets or hashtags of a niche of citizens who were discussing politics on Twitter. Television, a part of the Italian media system that is highly consumed by the public, is also a primary factor in determining the appearance of a specific actor or issue on the TT list. Furthermore, we empirically confirmed the logic of breaking news events on Twitter, a microblogging site that primarily focuses on exceptional occurrences.     

改革开放40年来我国民族高等教育研究的发展历程及其主题演化趋势

改革开放40年来,我国民族高等教育研究经历了以"复苏与发展"为中心的启动阶段、以"改革与提质"为中心的探索阶段和以"内涵式发展"为中心的深化阶段的发展历程,取得了丰硕研究成果,逐步形成了多元化的研究趋势。但同时也存在系列问题:研究成果层次低、质量不高,研究主题相对封闭滞后、研究方法缺乏系统性和学科性等。为此,在未来发展空间拓展上,民族高等教育研究需仔细斟酌每个社会阶段的发展需求和热点问题,当前可从中华民族共同体意识培育、"双一流"建设、精准扶贫以及"一带一路"倡议等方面拓展和把握,凸显我国民族高等教育研究的前瞻性和时代性。     

信息时代科技期刊编辑职业敏感性的培养

职业敏感性是科技期刊编辑必须具备的基本素质,是编辑在职业实践中形成的一种素养.文章通过对信息时代科技期刊编辑应该具备的职业敏感性,如政治与版权敏感性、选题策划敏感性、稿件初审敏感性、稿件校对敏感性和期刊发行敏感性进行深入分析,并提出了关于信息时代科技期刊编辑职业敏感性如何培养的建议.     

数据挖掘在专刊组稿策划中的应用

专题报道是提升科技期刊质量和品牌的重要途径,其中专题策划是关键.以《洁净煤技术》专刊《煤炭燃烧及污染物防治理论与技术》为例,分析数据挖掘在专刊组稿策划中的应用.利用中国知网(CNKI)确定专刊选题方向,利用国家科技报告服务系统确定专刊报道方向,利用百度学术平台、CNKI等挖掘优秀作者资源,对专刊传播效果进行分析.利用数据挖掘准确捕捉了学科热点领域与前沿科学走向,有效把握读者需求,发掘大量优秀作者信息,为专刊的精准约稿提供了保障.据CNKI统计,《洁净煤技术》2015年论文按照被引频次和下载量排序,专刊论文分别占TOP 50论文数的36％和40％.《洁净煤技术》利用大数据选题组稿取得了良好效果,扩大了期刊的学术影响力.     

高职院校开设数学实验课程的实践性探索

文章介绍了高职院校开设数学实验课程的背景、教学模式、教学意义等方面的内容,最后还给出了今后努力的方向。     

体育教育教学类期刊的常规栏目设置与专题策划

常规栏目和专题笄是当前我国体育教育教学类期刊的两个基本板块，本以献资料研究法为主，结合自身编辑的实践体会，在对常规栏目设置进行理性考察的基础上，论述了常规栏目设置的全面化价值取向和个性化价值取向，并从编辑工作的目的性，倾向性及编辑与作的互动关系三个方面对专题策划中编辑的主体意识作了分析，此外，对专题策划的选题与组稿也进行了探讨，旨为进一步提高出版质量。     

An Analysis Based on Citespace III Knowledge Maps of Chinese Vocational Education Research

Abstract

As a strategic focus of talent cultivation in the new period, in recent years China’s vocational education practice has seen “leapfrog” style development. A systematic look at the current state of Chinese vocational education research and exploration of its core research institutions, most frequently cited works, research “hot topics,” and leading research is clearly needed and meaningful, and the method of using knowledge maps based on knowledge metrics provides an effective path to resolving this. Knowledge map software CiteSpace III was used to obtain quantitative statistics on works related to vocational education recorded in the Chinese Social Sciences Citation Index database and to explore the date, distribution by journal, and characteristics of the works; draw institutional cooperation maps; examine the core research institutions and their influence; draw publication citation maps; reveal most frequently cited works and their characteristics; draw key word co-occurrence maps; and explore the distribution of research hot topics and leading research.