公共预算决策的显性偏好及其对自主创新能力建设的影响

政府有责任运用财政职能支持全社会的自主创新活动.但由于部分公共预算决策主体存在"显性偏好",现行公共选择机制难以自动实现自主创新的最优投入和创新导向型的资源配置.这将给自主创新能力建设带来效率损失,为此需改善相关机制和公共政策.     

考虑资本分担公平性的大型跨界工程项目融资博弈模型

针对一类横跨多地的大型工程项目融资问题,考虑各地政府对于项目资本分担的公平偏好行为,建立了多方行为博弈模型,并通过模型求解和对不同情形的比较分析给出了各方的最优投资策略以及该类项目融资的最佳方案,即以效用投资比相等原则对该类项目进行融资是帕累托最优的。     

Predictors of primary school teachers’ knowledge about developmental dyscalculia

Developmental dyscalculia is a specific learning disability that is described as a heterogeneous and persistent cognitive disorder. Given the need to detect and intervene as early as possible to minimise its effects, teachers’ knowledge about symptoms, characteristics and effective intervention strategies in dyscalculia is essential. Given the lack of research about this topic and measures to evaluate teachers’ knowledge, this study aims to present a literature-based measure to evaluate knowledge about developmental dyscalculia and to investigate the predictors of this type of knowledge. Data were collected from a sample of 175 primary school teachers. The measure presented adequate psychometric properties. Teachers’ personal characteristics such as age and gender did not predict their knowledge about dyscalculia. Being a Special Education teacher predicted a higher knowledge of intervention strategies in dyscalculia and having heard about dyscalculia predicted higher knowledge about not only intervention strategies but also dyscalculia characteristics. The data are discussed, and suggestions for further studies are presented.     

未成年人司法保护的理念创新

未成年人司法保护的理念创新,是当前我国未成年人社会化的人文环境和生存状况决定的;确立以人为本、少儿优先这一新理念,必将推进我国未成年人司法保护制度的改革和创新,并彰显其始终为未成年当事人服务的根本宗旨;践行这一新理念,就必须把更多的成本放在未成年人健康成长的各个阶段和环节上。     

中学生网络依赖程度、内容偏好及社会性发展的研究

本研究采用自编的上网行为调查问卷及网络成瘾筛查问卷、特质应对方式问卷、家庭亲密度和适应性量表、社交回避及苦恼量表对上海某中学154名学生进行测试。结果表明:(1)154人中有24人存在网络成瘾倾向,检出率为15.6%;(2)中学生在网络依赖程度方面存在显著的性别差异;(3)中学生在网络内容偏好方面存在显著的年级和性别差异;(4)与网络使用正常学生比较,有网络成瘾倾向的中学生表现出更多的消极应对和社交回避;(5)逐步回归分析表明,上网时间、消极应对、游戏偏好、聊天偏好、社交回避对中学生网络依赖程度有显著预测作用。     

CBI大学英语教学模式的基本构架——基于“通”与“专”、“语言驱动”与“内容驱动”

源于西方国家二语习得的CBI教学理念及其教学模式,无疑对我国新时期大学英语教学改革具有重要的启发意义和借鉴作用。然而,没有任何一种语言教学模式具有普适性,CBI教学理念的践行及其教学模式的构建和选择必须与具体的语言教学实际相结合。本着理论与实际相结合的基本原则,首先介绍了国外的CBI教学理念及其教学模式,然后立足于我国高等教育及其大学英语教学的现状,围绕大学英语教学中"教什么"和"怎样教"两个核心问题,从"通"与"专"、"语言驱动"与"内容驱动"两个维度的权重视角出发,试图构建一个由基础英语、职业英语、专业课程英语和学术英语等四种基本的CBI大学英语教学模式组成的CBI大学英语教学模式的基本框架,从宏观层面为不同层次高校CBI大学英语教学模式的构建和选择提供一条可资借鉴的基本思路。     

Basic fibroblast growth factor alleviates brain injury following global ischemia reperfusion in rabbits

The aim of this study was to explore the protective effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on brain injury following global ischemia reperfusion and its mechanisms. Brain injury following global ischemia was induced by four vessels occlusion and systemic hypotension. Twenty-four rabbits were randomized into three groups: group A, only dissection of vessels; group B, intravenous infusion of normal saline after reperfusion for 6 h; group C, 30 μg/kg bFGF injected intravenously at the onset of reperfusion, then infused with 10 μg/(kg·h) for 6 h. Serum neuron specific enolase (NSE), S-100B, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-8 (IL-8) were measured before ischemia, 30 min after ischemia, 0.5, 1, 3, 6 h after reperfusion. Brain water content was determined and cerebral histopathological damages were compared. NSE and S-100B were increased 1 h after reperfusion and reached their peaks 6 h after reperfusion, but were much higher in group B than those in group C 3, 6 h after reperfusion. In groups B and C, TNF-a was increased after ischemia and IL-1 and IL-8 were increased significantly 0.5 h after reperfusion, then reached their peaks 6 h, 3 h, 6 h after reperfusion respectively. TNF-a and IL-8 at the time points of 1 h and 3 h and IL-1 at 3 h and 6 h in group C were correspondingly lower than those in group B. These indices in group A were nearly unchanged. There were less severe cerebral histopathological damages in group C compared with group B, but no difference in brain water content. It could be concluded that bFGF alleviates brain injury following global ischemia and reperfusion by down-regulating expression of inflammatory factors and inhibiting their activities.     

竞技健美操运动员专项力量训练方法探析

专项力量是竞技健美操运动员取得优异运动成绩的基础和关键,由于竞技健美操运动技术的特殊性从而决定的特殊力量,必须通过专门的训练才能有效地提高。科学地分析竞技健美操运动技术所必需的专项力量,采用科学有效的训练方法进行训练是提高竞技健美操运动员专项力量的根本措施。研究目的：针对竞技健美操的专项特点,在评定竞技健美操运动员下肢快速力量的基础上,探索能提高专项技能的专项体能训练方法。研究方法：文献资料法结合教学训练的实践。结论：竞技健美操运动员进行专项训练技术训练的同时要注重快速力量训练和本体感觉训练结合。建议：在发展核心力量的基础上．进行快速力量训练：设计一些与竞技健美操专项技术动作用力方向、用力技术特点相近的练习手段。增加本体感觉训练,通过影响人体感觉关节位置、运动及平衡的能力的本体感觉和平衡训练,提高维持静态和动态稳定性的能力,改善“空间感觉”和动作的空间准确性。     

基于机器学习的高校图书馆用户偏好检索系统研究

[目的/意义] 针对大数据环境下高校图书馆检索系统的信息超载问题, 提出一种机器学习方法, 为用户提供个性化的偏好检索服务。[方法/过程] 通过提取用户检索行为大数据中的用户特征, 利用监督机器学习方法, 在线学习可随用户偏好同步变化的自适应检索模型, 预测用户对文献的选择概率, 优化检索结果的排序。[结果/结论] 设计出用户偏好检索原型系统, 介绍用户偏好检索系统工作流程, 对比分析系统效果, 并对系统进行客观评价。     

对我校体育系田径专业学生专项训练改革的探讨

为了满足用人单位的需要,必须对目前体育系田径专业现行的教学内容和方法进行必要的调整.通过对学生和用人单位问卷调查,结果表明:体育系田径专业学生过于突出专项训练,并没取得应有的效果,多数学生对目前的训练模式持否定态度,希望增加田径其他项目的学习,增加田径教学理论的系统讲授,特别强调注重教学能力的培养.