用批评语篇分析解读罗斯福的《珍珠港演讲》

批评语篇分析(CDA)是通过分析语篇的语言结构特点及其生成的社会历史背景来揭示语篇中含而不露的意识形态意义,并进而揭示语言、权力和意识形态之间复杂的关系。文章从物质过程、心理过程及存在过程,情态系统,转换系统等角度,运用批评语篇分析的方法——及物性、情态以及转换等对罗斯福的《珍珠港演讲》进行分析,进而揭示其演讲语篇中背后隐藏的意识形态意义。     

第二语言口语非流利产出研究述评

言语非流利是指在速率、韵律、词语序列上有标记的部分,包括各种非流利停顿、重复、填充语和自我修正。在二语习得中,大多数非流利现象都反映了言语计划压力,是二语水平欠佳的表现。近期研究发现,非流利现象并不都是由于言语困难所致,它还有可能是一种互动策略,以达到引人注意或引起听众的回应为目的。语法学家运用现有句法理论,甚至增加新的句法规则将非流利纳入语法可以解释的范围。语音学家认为话语的声学特征和音韵信息在非流利的检测和处理中起着重要作用。社会语言学家发现男性和女性、不同年龄的学习者在非流利出现的类别和频率上存在差异。语用学视角将非流利现象看成一种语用策略,涉及说话人和听话人双方的互动。对二语学习者来说,非流利的语用视角对其二语语用能力的发展有着积极意义。     

The professional role and exercise of the role of educational assistance professionals in schools with School Integration Programs in Chile

The incorporation of health professionals into inclusive schools is increasingly necessary. However, the work of these professionals has not yet been studied globally. This qualitative research analyses the perceptions of speech therapists, psychologists, physical therapists and occupational therapists on the role that educational policy defines for working in schools with School Integration Programmes in Chile. Through chain sampling, 52 professionals were interviewed. The data were analysed inductively through thematic analysis. The results show that the role defined by policies for professionals is not in line with the needs of schools and the aspirations of the inclusive approach. The exercise of the role emerges as a distinct entity from the defined role that seems to be more responsive to the needs of schools and students. Interviewees described tensions related to the role in schools, professional training, working conditions and contextual features that would permeate the role that the policy mandates them to play. The findings of the study promote new research horizons related to the role of professional assistants, where research is still incipient worldwide, and invite reflection on the importance of designing education policies with a bottom-up approach to capture the needs presented by learners and professional teams.     

Reconciling Political and Economic Goals in the Net Neutrality Debate

The net neutrality debate is one of several sites of struggles to adapt and redefine rights and obligations of stakeholders in the Internet-centric communications system. Its outcomes will shape the future of the Internet and influence the level and distribution of its benefits. We identify key values that drive the net neutrality discussion and examine the governance mechanisms proposed to achieve these objectives. We find that there is no single policy instrument that allows realization of the range of valued political and economic objectives simultaneously. Contrary to some of the claims advanced in the current debate, safeguarding multiple goals requires a combination of instruments that will likely involve government and nongovernment measures. Furthermore, promoting goals such as the freedom of speech, political participation, investment, and innovation calls for complementary policies.     

Why would medical publishers not incorporate core bioethical values into their Ethics Guidelines?

It is quite universally acknowledged by bioethicists, at least in the western world, that respect for the patients’ autonomy, non-malevolence, beneficence, and justice (also called equity) are four core ethical values in medicine. The Ethics Guidelines of key journals in laboratory medicine are not explicit about the first three of these values, and even implicitly, they seem to miss values of justice. Health equity being one of the main objectives of public health policy across the world, we suggest that values of equity explicitly become part of the Ethics Guidelines of laboratory medicine journals. Biochemia Medica could show the way to other medical publishers by incorporating into its Ethics Guidelines these very important core bioethical values.     

浅谈我馆图书索书号取法

随着科学技术的发展,各高校图书馆都在探究适合自身的图书取号方法,并在实际的工作中不断摸索改进,基本上都确立了各自的取号方法。本文首先对索书号的构成进行了叙述,重点对华侨大学厦门工学院图书馆图书索书号的取法进行了阐述,针对一般图书、不同版本图书、多卷书、连续出版物、配套书以及套书种次号的取法进行论述,全面讲述了一个让图书馆的藏书排架更科学合理、便于利用的图书取号法。     

浅析奥斯汀和塞尔的言语行为理论

语用学是语言学各分支中一个以语言意义为研究对象的新兴学科领域,是专门研究语言的理解和使用的学问。奥斯汀第一个在语用学范围内研究言语行为理论。经塞尔的完善与发展,已成为哲学、语言学的重要研究课题,更是现代语用学的核心内容之一。塞尔的间接言语行为理论从使用和交际的角度研究语言的意义,为认识言外之力的本质提供了独到的解释方法。     

互联网时代言论自由及管理探究

言论自由是宪法保护的基本权利。门户网站在提供言论自由空间的同时,也出现因不当行使言论自由的权利带来的混乱。当前我国在管理互联网网站言论方面存在着法律法规落后、管理职责不清、管理模式缺陷和救济困难等问题。因此,完善互联网言论自由的管理体系是构建互联网新秩序的关键所在,只有这样才能保障网民言论自由的正确行使。     

Indirect Speech Acts

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基于TD-PSOLA算法的汉语普通话韵律合成

结合汉语普通话的韵律特征，采用TD－PSOLA算法实现了汉语普通话的韵律合成，并对合成语音和原始语音的韵律参数作了比较分析。实验结果表明，这种方法能够有效地控制语音韵律参数，实现较高质量的语音韵律合成。