使役性言语行为醒示语分析

本文将醒示语分为称呼语和提醒语两类,认为醒示语具有拉近或推远交际双方之间的社会关系及情感距离、提高或降低尊崇的等级、调节醒示与恳请的强度等语用调节作用.醒示语的选用受使役的内容、使役的场合及交际双方之间的关系等因素的影响.醒示语的正式程度往往与使役要求的正式与严肃程度、场合的正式与紧迫程度、发受话双方之间的权势和距离差成正比.     

Personalized learning in iSTART: Past modifications and future design

Abstract

Computer-based learning environments (CBLEs) provide unprecedented opportunities for personalized learning at scale. One such system, iSTART (Interactive Strategy Training for Active Reading and Thinking) is an adaptive, game-based tutoring system for reading comprehension. This paper describes how efforts to increase personalized learning have improved the system. It also provides results of a recent implementation of an adaptive logic that increases or decreases text difficulty based on students’ performance rather than presenting texts randomly. High school students who received adaptive text selection showed increased sense of learning. Adaptive text selection also resulted in greater pre-training to post-training comprehension test gains, especially for less-skilled readers. The findings demonstrate that system-driven, just-in-time support consistent with the goals of personalized learning benefit the efficacy of computer-based learning environments.     

张艺谋电影中的女性情结分析

张艺谋电影中的女性情结是学界关注的焦点，也是一个充满神秘色彩的谜。潜入张艺谋的成长世界和创作世界，从曲折的自我慰藉、回归现实的依托、走出去的策略三个角度对张艺谋电影中的女性情结作以分析，可以发现，张艺谋在十年的艺术生涯中打造的女性群雕不是偶然性的巧合现象。而张艺谋苦难的成长记忆，回归主流的艺术期盼，引领中华文化向西方话语发起冲击的艺术实践正是理解其女性情结的科学切入点。     

Unsupervised word sense disambiguation for Korean through the acyclic weighted digraph using corpus and dictionary

Word sense disambiguation (WSD) is meant to assign the most appropriate sense to a polysemous word according to its context. We present a method for automatic WSD using only two resources: a raw text corpus and a machine-readable dictionary (MRD). The system learns the similarity matrix between word pairs from the unlabeled corpus, and it uses the vector representations of sense definitions from MRD, which are derived based on the similarity matrix. In order to disambiguate all occurrences of polysemous words in a sentence, the system separately constructs the acyclic weighted digraph (AWD) for every occurrence of polysemous words in a sentence. The AWD is structured based on consideration of the senses of context words which occur with a target word in a sentence. After building the AWD per each polysemous word, we can search the optimal path of the AWD using the Viterbi algorithm. We assign the most appropriate sense to the target word in sentences with the sense on the optimal path in the AWD. By experiments, our system shows 76.4% accuracy for the semantically ambiguous Korean words.     

对高职英语口语教学的探索

分析了目前我国高职院校英语教学中口语教学不受重视的现状,分析了影响高职英语口语教学的因素,并提出了口语教学"三阶段"演讲训练方法及应该注意的几个问题.     

Component skills of text comprehension in less competent Chinese comprehenders

The present study examined the role of verbal working memory (memory span and tongue-twister), two-character Chinese pseudoword reading (two tasks), rapid automatized naming (RAN) (letters and numbers), and phonological segmentation (deletion of rimes and onsets) in inferential text comprehension in Chinese in 31 less competent comprehenders compared with 37 reading comprehension control students and 23 chronological age controls. It was hypothesized that the target students would perform poorly on these cognitive and linguistic tasks as compared with their controls. Furthermore, verbal working memory and pseudoword reading would explain a considerable amount of individual variation in Chinese text comprehension. RAN would have a nonsignificant role in text comprehension. Structural equation analyses and hierarchical multiple regression analyses generally upheld these hypotheses. Our findings support current literature of the role of verbal working memory in reading comprehension found in English. The results, however, suggest differential role of the constructs and the tasks in reading comprehension and provide some answers for comprehension impairment in Chinese students.     

语言理解及表达力先天发育水平表现因素研究

为了最大限度减少后天因素对语言理解及表达力先天发育水平的影响,以3岁幼儿为研究对象,在分析现有对语言理解及表达力研究的基础上,提出语言理解及表达力表现因素测评指标框架,依据其共性表现因素并结合3岁幼儿语言理解及表达力的个性表现,进行了测评指标实验研究。对西安地区不同水平幼儿园随机抽样的297名儿童进行测评,结果表明这种测评方法具有普适性与可操作性。     

元认知策略在英语听力自主学习中的应用

元认知策略能够帮助学习者提高听力学习效率,有效地开展听力自主学习,其主要包括制定学习计划、监控学习过程和评估学习效果三个方面。文章探讨了学生如何在听力自主学习中有效地运用元认知策略。     

学习型课堂:理解与建构

学习型课堂不仅是一种课堂形态,也是一种课堂理念、课堂结构与学习机制,它是课堂发展到一个较高水平阶段的标志。基于学习型组织的多维理性,实现学习型课堂三个维度的合理与均衡建构,就要将课堂目标资源凝聚成课堂愿景,重建学习共同体,促进学生从单维学习者角色向学研一体的双维角色的转变。     

“序换”格续貂

根据谭永祥先生1983年首创的序换辞格论述,结合近期的语言材料,用吴士文辞格结构理论,对序换格进行了分析研究。以语法单位为标准划分出序换格的类别,并归纳出序换格的修辞作用,从而进一步认识这个比较常见常用的修辞手段。