奥巴马就职演说的话语分析——从及物性的角度分析奥巴马就职演说词

就职演说是一种独特而重要的实用文体,受到人们一直的关注。美国总统就职演说的每一篇都可谓是传世经典,影响广泛,意义重大,通过就职演说的研究对于更好的把握演讲者的政治意图有重要作用。本文以韩礼德系统功能语法为理论依据,从概念功能的角度对第一位非裔美国总统巴拉克.侯赛因.奥巴马的就职演说的及物性特征分析,期望获得这位非裔美国总统演说的文体特点。     

Understanding the role of private speech in children's emotion regulation

Self-regulation includes both cognitive and affective components, but few researchers have investigated how these components interact to better explain self-regulation. The purpose of this study was to investigate how children's private speech, which is typically related to cognitive ability, was utilized during an emotion-eliciting task. By examining the social and private speech that occurred as children coped with a frustration task, a better understanding of how children regulate their emotional displays can be achieved. Children's speech, emotional expressions (sadness and anger), and emotion regulation strategies (distraction and self-comforting) were coded during a frustration task completed by preschool-aged children (N = 116). Children's social speech to mothers and private speech were transcribed. Children's private speech was categorized according to five mutually exclusive categories: vocalizations, inaudible muttering, task-irrelevant, negatively valenced task-relevant, or facilitative task-relevant. Sadness was associated with more social speech and negatively valenced task-relevant private speech, whereas anger was associated with less distraction and facilitative task-relevant private speech and more vocalizations and negatively valenced task-relevant private speech. Additionally, private speech predicted unique variance beyond that explained by the emotion regulation strategies and moderated the relations of emotion regulation strategies to both anger and sadness. These empirical findings support theoretical propositions that language is a factor in children's emotion regulation. The implications of these findings include support for the encouragement of private speech in the classroom because of its relation to emotional, in addition to cognitive, regulatory functions.     

Toward another ideal speech situation: A critique of habermas’ reinterpretation of speech act theory

With incredible daring Habermas has reinterpreted speech act theory in a way that poses a foundational challenge to rhetorical scholars.     

Evaluating intelligent interfaces for post-editing automatic transcriptions of online video lectures

Video lectures are fast becoming an everyday educational resource in higher education. They are being incorporated into existing university curricula around the world, while also emerging as a key component of the open education movement. In 2007, the Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) implemented its poliMedia lecture capture system for the creation and publication of quality educational video content and now has a collection of over 10,000 video objects. In 2011, it embarked on the EU-subsidised transLectures project to add automatic subtitles to these videos in both Spanish and other languages. By doing so, it allows access to their educational content by non-native speakers and the deaf and hard-of-hearing, as well as enabling advanced repository management functions. In this paper, following a short introduction to poliMedia, transLectures and Docència en Xarxa (Teaching Online), the UPV’s action plan to boost the use of digital resources at the university, we will discuss the three-stage evaluation process carried out with the collaboration of UPV lecturers to find the best interaction protocol for the task of post-editing automatic subtitles.     

The Learning is In‐between: The search for a metalanguage in Indigenous education

Following the first significant research into Indigenous methods of learning, it was argued that Indigenous students could learn western knowledge using Indigenous ways of learning. Subsequent research contradicted this finding to take the position that Indigenous students must learn western knowledge using western methods and so this set the scene for the development of a pedagogy where Indigenous students could learn how to learn. Theorists in Indigenous education began to search for a metalanguage. Crosscultural theorists have perceived this metalanguage in terms of an explicit and transparent pedagogy while critical theorists want Indigenous students to develop their own ways of speaking and writing and to be conscious of how they do this. However, I take the position in this paper that there is already a metalanguage at work in‐between the student and the teacher in the classroom although it is often obscured from consciousness in the effort to articulate valid, quantifiable outcomes.     

工作环境中的语音烦躁情绪检测方法

为了检测工作人员的烦躁情绪,实现情感状态的评价,通过在工作环境中诱发情感语音,获取了足够的测试样本,建立了2000条样本的工作环境情感语音数据库．在检测烦躁情绪过程中,首先提取语音的韵律特征和音质特征参数,然后利用基于蛙跳算法的改进的BP神经网络进行烦躁情绪识别．实验比较了BP,RBF和sFLA神经网络的性能,结果显示SFLA神经网络的识别率比BP神经网络高4．7％,比RBF神经网络高4.3％．实验结果表明,使用蛙跳算法训练随机初始数据可以优化神经网络的连接权重和阈值,加快收敛速度,提高识别率．     

再辩“老师”与“教师”——从“他是王刚的老师”和“*他是王刚的教师”之别说起

从结构、语义、语用三个层面入手,全面分析"老师"和"教师"的用法区别,揭示了其句法表现差异的深层原因是语义上的有指和无指、单指和通指的不同,以及语用上的色彩差异、面称和背称及语体的不同。     

Reduction in public speaking state anxiety during performance as a function of sensitization processes

Recently, scholars have suggested that biological factors, such as temperament, influence human social behavior, particularly in the formation of traits, such as communication apprehension. Despite progress in this area, the relationship between temperament and states, such as speech anxiety, remains unclear. Theories of temperament predict that the rate at which subjects habituate to stress varies inversely with the degree to which they are sensitized during initial confrontation with stress‐producing stimuli. The inverse relationship between habituation and sensitization, in the context of public speaking state anxiety, is examined in this report. In two separate studies, using both physiological and psychological measures of state anxiety, the inverse relationship between sensitization and habituation was confirmed. Specifically, sensitization accounted for 69.1% and 50.3% of the variance in physiological and psychological habituation, respectively.     

ECA's seventy‐fifth anniversary volume: A special review

In this special book review, Communication Quarterly's Book Review Editor, Gerald M. Phillips, assesses the volume commissioned by the Eastern Communication Association to commemorate ECA's seventy‐fifth anniversary. Designed to reflect the diversity of the discipline of communication, part one is composed of twelve chapters and surveys contemporary research and theory in rhetoric, the social sciences, oral interpretation, freedom of speech and civil liberties, media and speech education. Part two, composed of five chapters, provides an overview of the organizational and conceptual issues guiding the way in which this profession organizes its knowledge. Professor Phillips concludes that, “It is a book we can be proud of, because it is well done by first‐rate scholars.”     

面向知识挖掘的情境感知应用研究综述

近年来,情境感知应用已经成为商务智能领域最为活跃的研究领域之一。通过对最近几年情境感知应用的研究进展进行综述,提出一个4层分类框架,并对其涉及到的概念与理论、情境感知计算以及应用实践等进行比较和分析,概括它们的特点和在实际应用中的效果。最后,针对应用现状对有待深入研究的重点和难点问题进行讨论并提出相关建议。