西周青铜器的审美特征

西周青铜器的精神内涵和相称比例关系既符合力学要求,又体现了视觉的美感要求,并向着简单和实用化的方向发展,在虚实统一、有无相生中突显了器物的实用性和装饰性。其纹饰以平面表现立体特征,粗细线条表明画面元素的前后虚实关系。雕塑技法使器表平面上表现出浑厚、凝重的立体效果。动物纹饰逐渐简化而富有图案趣味。神秘色彩淡化,纹饰重视抒发性情。西周中晚期金文逐步摆脱商金文的影响,以“篆引”为基础,开始形成自家风貌,走向纯粹线条化。字型固定统一,结构取纵势,修长婉丽,圆融内敛,“线”的自足性得到强烈张扬,笔墨韵味获得独立,线条浑厚华滋,凝重自然。西周青铜器的礼制化、系列化特色突出,富于秩序感和庄严感。     

重庆市农村小学教师培训需求的调查研究

农村小学教师是我国教师队伍的重要组成部分,实现农村小学教师专业的可持续发展对于促进义务教育均衡,提高农村教育质量发挥着基础性和关键性的作用。文章对来自重庆市农村地区300名小学教师进行调查,揭示了重庆市农村小学教师队伍的发展现状以及对教师专业发展培训的需求,从培训内容、培训形式、培训保障条件等方面提出了进一步提高农村地...     

知己知彼 百战不殆——谈国家安全对外语能力建设的需求

外语的重要战略地位是毋庸置疑的,甚至是克敌制胜的秘密武器。文章从简要介绍美国实施的＂关键语言＂战略入手,试图就我国跨界民族的具体情况,各省市间的经济发展水平、经济结构、历史传统、地缘安全特点等方面的差别,以及中国战略资源通道这三个方面分析我国国家安全对外语能力的需求,并针对我国的＂关键语言＂战略实施提出一些建设性意见,以引起大家对我国国家安全语言的重视。     

伤痕、反思文学中的暴力叙事

30年代的左翼文学,40年代的延安文学以及新中国文学都用自己独特的方式书写了关于＂革命＂的记忆。而这种独特的书写方式肯定了暴力叙事在这些文学作品中的作用,＂十七年文学＂、＂文革文学＂直到新时期的＂伤痕文学＂、＂反思文学＂,这种暴力叙事一度成为主流的写作伦理在伤痕、反思文学中。本文旨在肯定它们在发现大写＂人＂的同时,着重阐释伤痕文学与反思文学中的暴力叙事。这种暴力叙事不仅来自于肉体的暴力,更源自于精神上的暴力,而那种受害者不自觉加在受害者身上的精神施虐更加深了这种精神上的暴力。     

中原文化与高校校园文化建设

在新的社会形势下,我国高校校园文化建设面临诸多问题和挑战,中原文化作为中国传统文化的代表,对大学生民族精神的重塑、爱国主义情怀及高尚道德修养的培养发挥着重要作用。因此,今后我国高校校园文化建设可以以中原文化为引领,在把握校园文化思想内涵的基础上,从物质文化、制度文化和精神文化三方面加以重视和引导。     

Teaching science skills and knowledge to students with developmental disabilities: A systematic review

A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted to identify current practice on teaching science to students with intellectual disability (ID) and/or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in relation to two review questions—students' science outcomes and students' and teachers' experiences of the interventions. Six databases related to education, psychology, and science were systematically searched. A detailed protocol can be viewed on PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42017057323). Thirty studies were identified that reported on science interventions and 20 on student/teacher experiences of the interventions. The majority of the studies targeted science vocabulary and concepts. Other targets included inquiry skills and comprehension skills. The majority of the interventions used components of systematic instruction (n = 23). Five studies focused on self-directed learning and two on comprehension-based instruction. Students and teachers reported positive experiences of the interventions. The findings suggest that components of systematic instruction in particular might be effective in teaching science content to students with ID and/or ASD. Further research is needed to explore the effectiveness of identified interventions on teaching more complex science skills and with students with severe disabilities. Some limitations related to the search strategy are highlighted.     

Teacher Empathy and Attitudes Towards Individuals with Disabilities

The article presents research results of a study aimed at determining the correlation between empathy understood as a personality disposition and general attitudes towards individuals with disability. The sample consisted of 300 special education teachers working with persons with intellectual disabilities in primary and secondary schools and institutions of rehabilitation, and 280 general education teachers working with able-bodied students in primary and secondary schools. Two instruments were used: Empathic Understanding of Other People Questionnaire, and the Scale of Attitudes towards Individuals with Disability. In the group of special education teachers, only Syndrome 2 of empathy was statistically significant for shaping the attitudes, whereas among teachers, Syndromes 1, 3 and 4 were significant. In Syndromes 1, 2 and 4, including the highest level of emotional, cognitive, motivational and communication aspects of empathy, the correlations were positive as expected. In the case of Syndrome 3, including the considerable level of cognitive empathy, the correlation was negative.     

浮士德形象与现代人精神困惑

从普遍意义的人的形象——浮士德形象来体察现代人的精神世界不仅可行而且十分有价值,本文运用"历史-比较"的方法从"真、善、美"三个角度分析了浮士德形象和现代人精神困惑之间的内在逻辑关系及其同异表现。     

浅析需求分析对外语教学的影响

伴随着英语学习热潮的不断升温,社会、老师、学生都投入了大量的时间和精力学习英语。但因缺乏对个体的学习需求和社会的人才需求进行合理分析的能力,使学习效果并不明显,这严重影响教学质量的提高。由此可见,需求分析是实施外语教学的首要条件,亦是进行因材施教的前提。然而我国在需求分析这一领域的研究却存在着一定的欠缺。因此本文将在已有的国内外研究成果的基础上,全面而系统地阐述需求分析对外语教学的影响。     

推动书籍形态演变的核心因素探究

本文主要探讨了书籍的形态是如何顺应人们阅读需求的变化而发展的。文章将书的装帧形态概括为卷筒装、折页装、册页装三大类,分析了由一类向另一类形态转变过程中,阅读需求所起的决定性作用,并且以此为思路,展望未来书籍形态的发展方向。