违约自由论

合同本质上就是当事人通过自由协商，决定其相互之间的权利、义务关系，并根据其意志调整他们相互之间的关系的协议。当事人有是否缔约的自由，和谁缔约及决定合同内容的自由，变更与解除合同的自由。但违约是否自由则从未明确地说明。而人们往往根据违约责任的存在而否定违约行为的自由。事实上我们日常生活中的违约行为往往就是缔约一方的自由选择的结果。文中从以下方面来说明违约的自由：违约行为的现实合理存在；合同法未对违约行为进行限制；对违约行为的适当规制并不是对违约行为的禁止。     

Paving the road toward the use of β-Fe2O3 in solar water splitting: Raman identification,phase transformation and strategies for phase stabilization

Although β-Fe₂O₃ has a high theoretical solar-to-hydrogen efficiency because of its narrow band gap, the study of β-Fe₂O₃ photoanodes for water splitting is elusive as a result of their metastable nature. Raman identification of β-Fe₂O₃ is theoretically and experimentally investigated in this study for the first time, thus clarifying the debate about its Raman spectrum in the literature. Phase transformation of β-Fe₂O₃ to α-Fe₂O₃ was found to potentially take place under laser and electron irradiation as well as annealing. Herein, phase transformation of β-Fe₂O₃ to α-Fe₂O₃ was inhibited by introduction of Zr doping, and β-Fe₂O₃ was found to withstand a higher annealing temperature without any phase transformation. The solar water splitting photocurrent of the Zr-doped β-Fe₂O₃ photoanode was increased by 500% compared to that of the pure β-Fe₂O₃ photoanode. Additionally, Zr-doped β-Fe₂O₃ exhibited very good stability during the process of solar water splitting. These results indicate that by improving its thermal stability, metastable β-Fe₂O₃ film is a promising photoanode for solar water splitting.     

我国高尔夫球奥运选手与世界优秀选手一号木数据对比分析

采用文献资料法、实地考察法、数理统计法和对比分析法,对我国奥运选手和世界优秀选手的一号木数据进行分析。发现,在实地考察的球洞中,世界优秀选手全四轮均使用一号木开球,而我国男子选手则是一号木、三号木交替开球,可能是由于对自身一号木开球技术不够自信;我国男子选手的一号木平均开球距离、上球道率较世界优秀选手均差距较大;我国女子选手的一号木平均开球距离与世界优秀选手较为接近,但上球道率有待提高。建议,男子选手加强开球距离和上球道率的训练,女子选手加强上球道率的训练;冯珊珊进一步提升开球距离;在比赛前要对场地进行多次熟悉,找到合适的开球策略。     

基于IR2156的镇流器系统原理

介绍了由2156构成的镇流器系统工作原理，该镇流器降低了导通条件，消除了闪烁和失控的现象。     

对我国优秀女子跳远运动员起跳效果评价指标的分析

1前言正确分析和评价跳远起跳效果,对指导运动员改进起跳技术、完善训练计划、提高运动成绩,具有重要的意义。目前,对起跳效果的评价常用起跳时间、水平速度损失率、腾起角等指标进行分析,很多专家在这方面做了大量的研究,取得了一些成绩,但也有许多专家和教练员对此持有异议。     

垂直初速度对提高跳远成绩的影响

依据中外优秀跳远选手的比赛数据统计和对比分析,运用运动生物力学原理和方法,论述了垂直初速度对跳远成绩的影响及其意义,揭示了一次成功跳远所应具备的主要技术指标。     

抢篮板球起跳时机探析

在抢篮板球中,选择起跳时机是抢篮板球技术中最重要的部分,通过观察法和文献资料法,得知：篮板球的反弹方向、速度、上升高度等都有一定的规律,认识和掌握其规律有利于运动员在比赛中做出准确判断,选择最佳起跳时机,从而获得更多的篮板球。同时本文提出了提高运动员掌握起跳时机的训练手段,为教学和训练提供辅助参考。     

论小康社会进程中体育的变化和特征

在全面建设小康社会理论的基础上,通过对未来小康社会体育的发展趋势的认识,总结出全面建设小康社会进程中体育的几个特征,已达到对未来小康体育有所了解的目的。     

Moving or Leaving

Abstract

Difficult decisions about the collection had to be madeby the library staff planning the moveto thenew Walter C. Koerner Library at the University of British Columbia. Thislibrary wasto bethe center for servicesto Humanities and Social Sciencesusers, but could accommodate only 60% of the Humanitiesand Social Sciences collectionshoused in the old Main Library. The staff had to decide what parts of the collection to move and what to leave in the old building, against the day when the second phase of the Koerner Library should be built. This article describes howthese difficult choices were made, including the consultation process, the development of criteria to split the collection, and their implementa-tion.     

基于“三为循环法”的技校实习课堂管理模式

以技工学校电工实习为例,实施三为循环法教学比传统的实习教学取得更显著的效果,最终让学生实现自我管理、自我教育、自我发展,让学生更好地适应企业工作的要求。